Download or read book Advances in Passive Sampling written by Carey E. Donald and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive sampling devices have been used for decades to measure complex mixtures of bioavailable organic chemicals in a variety of environmental media. More recently passive sampler applications have expanded beyond monitoring chemical concentrations, and this dissertation continues to advance methods of passive sampling on many fronts. Despite their growing use, no practical, evidence-based guidelines exist to ensure concentrations of chemicals sequestered in passive samplers are stable in transport and storage. We demonstrated that concentrations of semivolatile chemicals sequestered within passive samplers would be stable with low-cost shipping from isolated locales by simulating in the laboratory a worst-case scenario at 35 °C for two weeks. Quantitative measures of the flux of semivolatile chemicals between soil and air have been limited by the challenges of collecting soil and estimating chemical fugacity from soil. We avoided these pitfalls by adapting passive sampling equipment to directly sample gas-phase chemicals in air above the soil. The sensitivity of the novel technique was demonstrated at three disparate sites, where volatilization was measured at a site with historically contaminated soil, and deposition was measured at another site with a recent oil spill and fire. In a related study, we deployed the same equipment on artificial turf fields to provide the first quantitative measure of semivolatile flux between artificial turf and overlying air. We detected an additional 26 compounds that have not been previously associated with artificial turf, including some that have known human health impacts. Finally, passive sampling principles were applied to measure chemicals in the human personal environment, using a newly-developed silicone passive sampler wristband. Nineteen pesticides were detected that were not reportedly used among 35 rural farmer participants, demonstrating the utility of the wristband in measuring personal exposures to pesticides. Pesticide concentrations in multiple wristbands, worn by a participant over time, were more similar to each other than to other participants, signifying the uniqueness of personal environments and the importance of taking personalized measurements when assessing risk. The advancements in this dissertation capitalize on the features of passive sampling techniques: easy, yet robust, transport capabilities were demonstrated to provide evidence-based transport criteria; ability to directly measure gas-phase chemicals led to quantitative flux measurements from soil and artificial turf; non-selective organic chemical sequestration allowed for identification of unexpected, or previously unreported chemicals; and the polymer qualities that mimic biological membranes sampled the bioavailable fraction for comparing human exposures. The advancements herein provide logistical solutions and sensitive measures of chemical transport and human exposures, and contribute to the expanding range of possibilities for passive sampling.
Download or read book Advances In Air Sampling written by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A copublication of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and Lewis Publishers, this series continues the former Annuals of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. This series is designed to present state-of-the-art information on research and practical applications of science in the field of occupational health. Bokos are normally the proceedings of an important symposium or conference sponsored by the ACGIH or other leading professional organization in, or allied with, the occupational health field. Content deals with subject of current interest. Books in the Industrial Hygiene Science Series should become valued additions to the international scientific literature. Published volumes in this series are: Microcomputer Applications in Occupational Health and Safety Ergonomic Interventions to Prevent Musculoskeletal Injuries in Industry Advances in Air Sampling.
Download or read book Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring written by Richard Greenwood and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-03 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring pollutants in air, soil and water is a routine requirement in the workplace, and in the wider environment. Passive samplers can provide a representative picture of levels of pollutants over a period of time from days to months by measuring the average concentrations to which they have been exposed. Air monitors are widely used, for instance to measure the exposure of workers to volatile compounds, but also for monitoring the fate of pollutants in the atmosphere. Passive sampling devices are now becomining increasingly used to monitor pollutants in rivers, coastal waters and ground water where contamination results from sources such as domestic and industrial discharges, and the use of agrochemicals. Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring provides a timely collection of information on a set of techniques that help monitor the quality of air, surface and ground waters. Passive sampling can provide an inexpensive means of obtaining a representative picture of quality over a period of time, even where levels of pollutants fluctuate due to discontinuous discharges or seasonal application of chemicals such as pesticides. Recent changes in legislation have increased the pressure to obtain better information than that provided by classical infrequent spot sampling.Brought together in one source, this book looks at the performance of a range of devices for the passive sampling of metals, and of non-polar and polar organic chemicals in air and in water. The strengths and weaknesses and the range of applicability of the technology are considered.* Comprehensive review of passive sampling - covering air, water and majority of available technologies in one volume* Chapters written by international specialist experts * Covers theory and applications, providing background information and guidelines for use in the field
Download or read book Advances in Air Sampling written by M. Corn and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Passive Samplers for the Monitoring of Contaminants in Sediment and Water written by Martin Larsen and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive samplers spiked with performance reference compounds (PRC) were prepared in Holland, and deployed at 9 sites in the Nordic countries and Greenland. Mussels were collected at the same sites to compare passive sampler results with the mussel-watch approach usually applied in national monitoring. Sediments were sampled from 6 sites, and analysed both by total methods and passive samplers for pore water concentration. From the spiked PRCs, sampling rates was calculated, and used to determine water phase concentration of PAHs and other organic compounds with a high octanol-water partitioning coefficient. The project has shown that silicone passive samplers can be used for monitoring programmes, and development of guidelines and quality assurance of analysis are underway. Within the next 2-3 years it could become part of the monitoring strategy of OSPAR, EU and the Nordic Countries.
Download or read book Advances in Air Sampling written by ACGIH and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1988-03-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ADVANCES IN AIR SAMPLING written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACGI SYMPOSIUM, FEBRUARY 16-18, 1987, PACIFIC GROVE CALIFORNIA; INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SCIENCE SERIES; PARTICLE SIZE SAMPLING; SAMPLING GASES AND VAPORS FOR ANALYSIS; UNSTABLE, AEROSOLS; REACTIVE MATERIALS; REAL TIME AEROSOL SAMPLERS; SAMPLING STRAGETY.
Download or read book Siloxanes Advances in Research and Application 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Siloxanes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about Siloxanes in a concise format. The editors have built Siloxanes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Siloxanes in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Siloxanes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Recent Advances in the Analysis of Marine Toxins written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in the Analysis of Marine Toxins, Volume 78, the newest release in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, presents chapters from the best authors in the field, making it an essential resource. Updated sections in this new volume include topics such as The importance of toxin detection and quantification: environmental issues, public health, food safety, animal health, bioterrorism, bioactive compounds, medical approach, an LC-MS/MS analysis of marine toxins, Animal bioassays: identification of toxins and mechanism of action, Receptor binding assays for the analysis of marine toxins, Immunoassays and optical biosensors (visual, SPR, fluorescence) for marine toxins, and Electrochemical biosensors for marine toxins. Chapters in this ongoing series contain practical and useful information, describing real advantages and limitations. Experts in this field contribute based on their research and personal point-of-view. - Contains contributions from the best authors in the field - Provides an essential resource for marine monitoring managers and scientific community
Download or read book Advanced Aerospace Materials written by Haim Abramovich and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is for engineers and students of aerospace, materials and mechanical engineering. It covers the transition from aluminum to composite materials for aerospace structures and includes advanced analyses used in industries. New in the 2nd Edition is material on morphing structures, large deflection plates, nondestructive methods, vibration correlation technique for shear loaded plates, vibrations to measure physical properties, and more.
Download or read book Handbook of Indoor Air Quality written by Yinping Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 2182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People live in indoor environment about 90% of lifetime and an adult inhales about 15 kg air each day, over 75% of the human body’s daily mass intake (air, food, water). Therefore, indoor air quality (IAQ) is very important to human health. This book provides the basic knowledge of IAQ and highlights the research achievements in the past two decades. It covers the following 12 sections: introduction, indoor air chemicals, indoor air particles, measurement and evaluation, source/sink characteristics, indoor chemistry, human exposure to indoor pollutants, health effects and health risk assessment, IAQ and cognitive performance, standards and guidelines, IAQ control, and air quality in various indoor environments. It provides a combination of an introduction to various aspects on IAQ studies, the current state-of-knowledge, various advances and the perspective of IAQ studies. It will be very helpful for the researchers and technicians in the IAQ and the related fields. It is also useful for experts in other fields and general readers who want to obtain a basic understanding of and research advances in the field of IAQ. A group of experts in IAQ research have been recruited to write the chapters. Their research interests and experience cover the scope of the book. In addition, some experienced experts in IAQ field have been invited as advisors or reviewers to give their comments, suggestions and revisions on the handbook framework and the chapter details. Their contribution guarantees the quality of the book. We are very grateful to them. Last but not least, we express our heartfelt thanks to Prof. Spengler, Harvard University, for writing the foreword of the current Handbook of Indoor Air Quality both as a pioneer scientist who contributed greatly to indoor air science and as an Editor-in-chief of Handbook of Indoor Air Quality 2001, 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. In addition to hard copies, the book is also published online and will be updated by the authors as needed to keep it aligned with current knowledge. These salient features can make the handbook fresh with the research development.
Download or read book Advances in Environmental Control Technology Health and Toxicology written by Paul Cheremisinoff and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-25 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This addition to the Advances in Environmental Control Technology Series contains 23 chapters designed to provide an extensive overview and reference on human physiological responses to various forms of pollution.
Download or read book Exposure and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Use in Agriculture written by Claudio Colosio and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Use in Agriculture: Approaches, Tools and Advances offers an overview of the different methods available in toxicology for pesticide exposure and risk assessment, ranging from the regulatory field, to in-field research studies. The book provides technical background on each method, describing known and grounded tools, new uses of tools and development prospects. This book is ideal for researchers in pesticide toxicology, exposure toxicology, toxicologic risk assessment, occupational hygiene and medicine, and pesticide toxicology as well as occupational health and industrial hygiene practitioners, regulatory experts of corporate and public bodies, and advanced students. Covers pesticide exposure and risk assessment, ranging from fundamentals to advanced theory Explains methods that are useful for both experts and non-experts Details the use of each method for exposure and risk assessment, also including links to additional resources and further reading
Download or read book Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms written by Patricia M. Glibert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful algal blooms (HABs) - blooms that cause fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, or cause human or ecological health impacts and harm to local economies - are occurring more often, in more places and lasting longer than in past decades. This expansion is primarily the result of human activities, through increased nutrient inputs and various aspects of climate change. The Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (GEOHAB) programme promoted international collaboration to understand HAB population dynamics in various oceanographic regimes and to improve the prediction of HABs. This volume introduces readers to the overarching framework of the GEOHAB programme, factors contributing to the global expansion of harmful algal blooms, the complexities of HABs in different habitats, and the forward-looking issues to be tackled by the next generation of GEOHAB, GlobalHAB. The programme brought together an international team of contributing scientists and ecosystem managers, and its outcomes will greatly benefit the international research community.
Download or read book Current Trends and Future Developments on Bio Membranes written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Membrane Technologies in Environmental Protection and Public Health- Challenges and Opportunities illustrates the application of membrane technology used in separation processes, along with the advantages of membranes in comparison with other types of separation methods. In addition, the book illustrates new approaches for pollution monitoring and helps researchers develop new membrane systems for air or water pollution monitoring. Sections focus on the application of membrane technology to new membranes, hence it is ideal for R&D managers in industry and a variety of others, including academic researchers and postgraduate students working in strategic treatment, separation and purification processes. - Includes membrane purification processes relating to environmental applications and membrane-based tools for air monitoring - Discusses membrane water potabilization - Presents a comprehensive reference on recent applications of membrane technology in environmental monitoring and pollution processes
Download or read book Advanced Tools and Models to Improve River Basin Management in Europe in the Context of Climate Change written by Michael Finkel and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08-14 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Tools and Models to Improve River Basin Management in Europe in the Context of Climate Change - AquaTerra has developed from an integrated project of the 6th EU RTD Framework Programme that aims to provide the scientific basis for an improved river basin management through a better understanding of the river-sediment-soil-groundwater system as a whole, by integrating both natural and socio-economics aspects at different temporal and spatial scales. This book aims: To provide better understanding of the river-sediment-soil-groundwater system at various temporal and spatial scales To relate expected climate alterations to changes in deposition, mobility and distribution of pollutants in European river basins To provide the scientific basis for improved river basin management To introduce novel tools for water and soil quality monitoring To show the necessity of integrated modelling frameworks for impact evaluation of pollution as well as climate and land-use changes for definition of long-term management schemes The work illustrates the dynamic behavior of the pathway of pollutants in soils, groundwater, surface water and sediments. It highlights the fundamental importance of integrating knowledge from several combined disciplines on various environmental compartments in order to understand the large number of processes that govern pollutant input, transport and turnover. Results shows that a significant step forward has been made in the development new analytical methods and of process-based numerical models that are capable of making predictions of likely trends and environmental changes to be expected in the near or distant future at the basin-scale. These models can be used e.g. to generate hydrologic scenarios based on climate models and to simulate pollutant distribution and turnover rates from decades to millennia.
Download or read book Advanced Groundwater Remediation written by Franz-Georg Simon and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2002 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a concise summary of advanced groundwater treatment methods, especially 'pump-and-treat' and 'permeable reactive barriers'. The topics include heavy metal removal, with special emphasis on uranium, and sorption, one of the basic mechanisms in groundwater remediation.
