Download or read book Advanced Sensors for Safety and Security written by Ashok Vaseashta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book results from a NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled “Technological Innovations in CBRNE Sensing and Detection for Safety, Security, and Sustainability” held in Yerevan, Armenia in 2012. The objective was to discuss and exchange views as to how fusion of advanced technologies can lead to improved sensors/detectors in support of defense, security, and situational awareness. The chapters range from policy and implementation, advanced sensor platforms using stand-off (THz and optical) and point-contact methods for detection of chemical, nuclear, biological, nuclear and explosive agents and contaminants in water, to synthesis methods for several materials used for sensors. In view of asymmetric, kinetic, and distributed nature of threat vectors, an emphasis is placed to examine new generation of sensors/detectors that utilize an ecosystems of innovation and advanced sciences convergence in support of effective counter-measures against CBRNE threats. The book will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials, and sensing/detection of CBRNE agents and water-borne contaminants. For policy implementation and compliance standpoint, the book serves as a resource of several informative contributions. In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing and detection using nexus of advanced technologies for scientists, technologists, policy makers, and soldiers and commanders.

Download or read book Functional Nanostructures and Sensors for CBRN Defence and Environmental Safety and Security written by Anatolie Sidorenko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, techniques for materials preparation and processing at nanometer scale have advanced rapidly, leading to the introduction of novel principles for a new generation of sensors and detectors. At the same time, the chemical industry, transport and agriculture produce huge amounts of dangerous waste gases and liquids, leading to soil, air and water contamination. One more modern threat - international terrorism - demands that scientists make efforts to apply new principles and technologies to protect society against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) attacks and to develop novel effective technologies for the remediation of large contaminated areas. Accordingly, the main goal of this book is to bring together experts (theorists, experimentalists, engineers and technologists) for an extensive discussion covering: novel principles for functional nanostructures and detector fabrication and implementation, the development of novel technologies for the deactivation of CBRN agents, their experimental realization and their application in novel monitoring and control systems, and technological processes for soil and water remediation, with a view to environmental protection and defence against CBRN-based terrorism. In keeping with the book’s main goal, the following topics are highlighted and discussed: - Sensors and detectors - detection of chemicals, principles of “artificial nose” and chemical “micro-lab on a chip” design, surface and underground water quality monitoring systems, molecular electronics, superconducting electronic devices, quantum detectors and Qubits. - Environmental protection and CBRN - detection of infrared, microwave, X-ray and terahertz radiation. Principles for novel IR-, UV-, and Terahertz-wave devices for the detection of low-contrast objects. - Novel technological processes for CBRN destruction and deactivation. All these topics are strongly interrelated, both with regard to fundamental aspects and to fabrication and implementation technologies; in addition, they are highly promising for application in novel functional devices, computer logics, sensing and detection of low-concentration chemicals, weak and extremely weak magnetic and microwave fields, infrared and ultraviolet radiation. Given its scope, the book will be a useful and interesting guide for a broad readership of engineers, scientists, PhD students and experts in the area of defence against environmental terrorism.

Download or read book Advanced Sensors for Real Time Monitoring Applications written by Olga Korostynska and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is impossible to imagine the modern world without sensors, or without real-time information about almost everything—from local temperature to material composition and health parameters. We sense, measure, and process data and act accordingly all the time. In fact, real-time monitoring and information is key to a successful business, an assistant in life-saving decisions that healthcare professionals make, and a tool in research that could revolutionize the future. To ensure that sensors address the rapidly developing needs of various areas of our lives and activities, scientists, researchers, manufacturers, and end-users have established an efficient dialogue so that the newest technological achievements in all aspects of real-time sensing can be implemented for the benefit of the wider community. This book documents some of the results of such a dialogue and reports on advances in sensors and sensor systems for existing and emerging real-time monitoring applications.

Download or read book Advanced RFID Systems Security and Applications written by Karmakar, Nemai Chandra and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As modern technologies continue to transform and impact our society, Radio Frequency Identification has emerged as one of the top areas of study to do just that. Using its wireless data capturing technique and incredible capabilities such as automatic identification, tracking, handling large amounts of data, and flexibility in operation, RFID aims to revamp the new millennium. Advanced RFID Systems, Security, and Applications features a comprehensive collection of research provided by leading experts in both academia and industries. This leading reference source provides state-of-the- art development on RFID and its contents will be of the upmost use to students and researchers at all levels as well as technologists, planners, and policy makers. RFID technology is progressing into a new phase of development.

Download or read book Safety and Security Issues in Technical Infrastructures written by David Rehak and published by Information Science Publishing. This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a current overview and new trends of the safety and security issues in technical infrastructures"--

Download or read book Semiconductor Gas Sensors written by Raivo Jaaniso and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. - Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications - Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory - Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more

Download or read book Water Safety Security and Sustainability written by Ashok Vaseashta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on threats, especially contaminants, to drinking water and the supply system, especially in municipalities but also in industrial and even residential settings. The safety, security, and suitability landscape can be described as dynamic and complex stemming from necessity and hence culpability due to the emerging threats and risks, vis-a-vis globalization resulting in new forms of contaminants being used due to new technologies. The book provides knowledge and guidance for engineers, scientists, designers, researchers, and students who are involved in water, sustainability, and study of security issues. This book starts out with basics of water usage, current statistics, and an overview ofwater resources. The book then introduces different scenarios of safety and security and areas that researchers need to focus. Following that, the book presents different types of contaminants – inadvertent, intentional, or incidental. The next section presents different methodologies of contamination sensing/detection and remediation strategies as per guidance and standards set globally. The book then concludes with selected chapters on water management, including critical infrastructure that is critical to maintaining safe water supplies to cities and municipalities. Each chapter includes descriptive information for professionals in their respective fields. The breadth of chapters offers insights into how science (physical, natural, and social) and technology can support new developments to manage the complexity resident within the evolving threat and risk landscape.

Download or read book An Integrated Approach to Home Security and Safety Systems written by Sonali Goyal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-10-14 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an integrated solution for security and safety in the home, covering both assistance in health monitoring and safety from strangers/intruders who want to enter the home with harmful intentions. It defines a system whereby recognition of a person/stranger at the door is done using three modules: Face Recognition, Voice Recognition and Similarity Index. These three modules are taken together to provide a percentage likelihood that the individual is in the "known" or "unknown" category. The system can also continuously monitor the health parameters of a vulnerable person living alone at home and aid them in calling for help in an emergency. The authors have analyzed a number of existing biometric techniques to provide security for an individual living alone at home. These biometric techniques have been tested using MATLAB® image processing and signal processing toolboxes, and results have been calculated on the basis of recognition rate. A major contribution in providing security is a hybrid algorithm proposed by the author named PICA, which combines features of both PCA (Principle Component Analysis) and ICA (Independent Component Analysis) algorithms. This hybrid approach gives better performance recognition than either system alone. The second proposed hybrid algorithm for voice recognition is named as a MFRASTA algorithm by combining features of MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) and RASTA-PLP (RelAtive SpecTrA-Perceptual Linear Prediction) algorithm. After performing experiments, results are collected on the basis of recognition rate. The authors have also proposed a third technique named as a Similarity Index to provide trust-based security for an individual. This technique is text independent in which a person is recognized by pronunciation, frequency, tone, pitch, etc., irrespective of the content spoken by the person. By combining these three techniques, a high recognition rate is provided to the person at the door and high security to the individual living independently at home. In the final contribution, the authors have proposed a fingertip-based application for health monitoring by using the concept of sensors. This application is developed using iPhone 6’s camera. When a person puts their fingertip on a camera lens, with the help of brightness of the skin, the person’s heartbeat will be monitored. This is possible even with a low-quality camera. In case of any emergency, text messages will be sent to the family members of the individual living alone by using 3G Dongle and MATLAB tool. Results show that the proposed work outperforms all the existing techniques used in face recognition, voice recognition, and health monitoring alone.

Download or read book Advanced Sensor and Detection Materials written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a comprehensive and interdisciplinary review of the major cutting-edge technology research areas—especially those on new materials and methods as well as advanced structures and properties—for various sensor and detection devices The development of sensors and detectors at macroscopic or nanometric scale is the driving force stimulating research in sensing materials and technology for accurate detection in solid, liquid, or gas phases; contact or non-contact configurations; or multiple sensing. The emphasis on reduced-scale detection techniques requires the use of new materials and methods. These techniques offer appealing perspectives given by spin crossover organic, inorganic, and composite materials that could be unique for sensor fabrication. The influence of the length, composition, and conformation structure of materials on their properties, and the possibility of adjusting sensing properties by doping or adding the side-groups, are indicative of the starting point of multifarious sensing. The role of intermolecular interactions, polymer and ordered phase formation, as well as behavior under pressure and magnetic and electric fields are also important facts for processing ultra-sensing materials. The 15 chapters written by senior researchers in Advanced Sensor and Detection Materials cover all these subjects and key features under three foci: 1) principals and perspectives, 2) new materials and methods, and 3) advanced structures and properties for various sensor devices.

Download or read book Nanotechnology to Aid Chemical and Biological Defense written by Terri A. Camesano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents research into chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) defense and environmental security, exploring practical implications of the research. Contributions from a diverse group of international civilian researchers present the latest work on nanotechnology problems in this area, looking at detection, protective technologies, decontamination and threats to environmental security due to bacteriophages and nanomaterials. Highlights include the potential of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to characterize the nanoscale properties of microbial pathogens, the development of bacteriophage-based therapeutics, prophylactic and diagnostic preparations and their uses in different fields, such as medicine, veterinary, agriculture, food and water safety, amongst others. Readers may also consider an inexpensive bioassay suited for assessing chemical poisoning in the environment such as the presence of pesticides, sensors to detect ultra-trace quantities of the explosive Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) using nanotubes and electrochemical sensors to simultaneously detect and reduce the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) to 2,4,6-triaminotoluene (TAT) in solution. This book shows how cooperative research among NATO countries and NATO partners can make a critical contribution to meeting the opportunities and challenges of nanotechnology problems relevant to chemical and biological defense needs. The papers presented here are representative of contributions made to the Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on September 22-26, 2014 in Antalya, Turkey, to address the NATO SPS Key Priority of Defense against CBRN Agents and Environmental Security.

Download or read book Semiconductor Photodetectors written by Surik Khudaverdyan and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-10-07 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exponential increase of the Internet of Things (IoTs) has revolutionized lives, but it has also resulted in massive resource consumption and environmental pollution. In conjunction with Green IoTs (GioTs), there is a parallel effort to create highly sensitive devices by device design to conserve power. Furthermore, numerous applications require deciphering information from very weak optical signals, such as from radiation, medical imaging, industrial non-destructive testing, quantum technologies, astronomy, and various other such routine measurements. It is necessary to design photodetectors with high photosensitivity using various technological innovations to reduce the noise level, such as with two inversely directed barriers, as proposed by the authors, in which the currents of devices mutually compensate each other and create low dark current with high photosensitivity thresholds. The implementation of internal amplification of photocurrents in them can provide high photosensitivity. The book presents the mechanism for the injection amplification of the photocurrent in devices based on cadmium telluride and silicon with a high-resistance sublayer, as well as the study of creating highly sensitive devices, that are resistant to radiation of optical and X-ray ranges of electromagnetic waves. Particular attention is drawn to the mutual compensation process for photocurrents arising in opposite potential barriers covering the layer during longitudinal absorption of radiation in the sublayer. Using structures on the base cadmium telluride and silicon, as an example, the phenomenon of a change in the sign of the spectral photocurrent and the possibilities of wave measurement is provided by this phenomenon. Photoelectronic processes occurring in these semiconductor structures are investigated, and expressions are obtained that relate the parameters of optical radiation and the structure. The algorithm developed using these expressions is based on a new spectral analysis mechanism, which is implemented to prepare inexpensive, reduced dimensions with the need for less materials, and energy-intensive devices. All this is considered in the context of solving urgent problems of quantitative remote identification of the components of an optically transparent medium. The global spectral analysis market is focused on the development of semiconductor photodetectors with spectral-selective sensitivity for spectral analysis. The use of such a photodetector in spectrometry will eliminate the use of opticalmechanical systems due to the new physical principle used in it and will ensure high resolution and reliability of spectrum recording. As environmental threats become increasingly unpredictable, there is also a growing need to develop remote spectral analysis, identification, and assessment of substances in air, water, and food, assessment of the effects of substances on humans, animals, and vegetation, and detection and elimination of pollution sources. Here, the spectral analysis of the electromagnetic radiation transmitting the information from the object with the help of primary sensors is essential.

Download or read book Transformation and Efficiency Enhancement of Public Utilities Systems Multidimensional Aspects and Perspectives written by Gjorchev, Jordan and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-06-29 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much remains to be known about public utilities system organization, efficiency, management, legislation, practices, and solutions worldwide, as well as the implications for sustainable development in different countries. Thus, a better understanding of the different management practices in public utilities across different contexts is needed to assess their impact on efficiency and sustainability, especially in the changed climate conditions. Transformation and Efficiency Enhancement of Public Utilities Systems: Multidimensional Aspects and Perspectives considers the necessity to transform public utilities systems towards sustainability and efficiency. This publication investigates the performance management process of public utility systems and evaluates the efficiency of public utilities to propose potential improvements. The book encourages amenable authorities to create more efficient and effective management systems and improve their performance. Additionally, it provides the government with a systemic approach to public utilities system transformation and development. Covering key topics such as public hygiene, sustainability, and environmental protection, this premier reference source is ideal for government officials, policymakers, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Download or read book Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Computing Applications written by Jyotsna Kumar Mandal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Computing Applications (ICACA 2021), held virtually during 27––28 March 2021. The book is divided into four sections. These are communication and computing, signal processing and multimedia, computational intelligence and data analytics and decision computing. The topics covered are advanced communication technologies, IoT-based systems and applications, network security and reliability, virtualization technologies, compressed sensors and multimedia applications, signal image and video processing, machine learning, pattern recognitions, intelligent computing, big data analytics, analytics in bio-computing, AI-driven 6G mobile wireless networks and autonomous driving.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Water Sciences and Society written by Vaseashta, Ashok and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water supports three basic pillars of our life and survival: safety, security, and sustainability. Hence, it is extremely important to revisit the fundamental characteristics of water in order to discover additional information and the characteristics water has that will help uncover pathways to support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG) to reduce inequality and make cities and human settlements more inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Clean water is a critical component to meet such goals. While the fundamental physical and chemical properties of water continue to reveal new aspects, it is critical that we review these properties in the context of several recent applications and by case studies. The Handbook of Research on Water Sciences and Society provides the basics of water science, ways to sense/detect and mitigate contaminants, several regional case studies, and societal aspects of water, including the human right to access water. The book serves as a comprehensive knowledge base on the latest fundamental and applied research and scientific innovations regarding the relationships between society and water resources, safe and sustainable use of water, watershed stewardship, industrial application, and public health awareness. Covering a wide range of topics, it is an ideal resource for researchers, professionals, policymakers, scientists, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Download or read book Optical Fiber Sensors written by Ginu Rajan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Fiber Sensors: Advanced Techniques and Applications describes the physical principles of, and latest developments in, optical fiber sensors. Providing a fundamental understanding of the design, operation, and practical applications of fiber optic sensing systems, this book: Discusses new and emerging areas of research including photonic crystal fiber sensors, micro- and nanofiber sensing, liquid crystal photonics, acousto-optic effects in fiber, and fiber laser-based sensing Covers well-established areas such as surface plasmon resonance sensors, interferometric fiber sensors, polymer fiber sensors, Bragg gratings in polymer and silica fibers, and distributed fiber sensors Explores humidity sensing applications, smart structure applications, and medical applications, supplying detailed examples of the various fiber optic sensing technologies in use Optical Fiber Sensors: Advanced Techniques and Applications draws upon the extensive academic and industrial experience of its contributing authors to deliver a comprehensive introduction to optical fiber sensors with a strong practical focus suitable for undergraduate and graduate students as well as scientists and engineers working in the field.

Download or read book Machine Learning Methods in Systems written by Radek Silhavy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Photonics For Safety And Security written by Antonella Tajani and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume aims is to illustrate the state-of-the-art as well as the newest and latest applications of photonics in safety and security. The contributions from renowned and experienced Italian and international scientists, both from the academic and industrial community, present a multidisciplinary and comprehensive overview of this popular topic. The volume is self-contained and offers a broad survey of the various emerging technologies, as well as their applications in the real world. It spans from applications in cultural heritage, to environment, space, monitoring of coasts, quantum cryptography, food industry, medicine and forensic investigations.Photonics for Safety and Security provides an essential source of reference for a very wide readership, including physicists, chemists, engineers, academics and students who wish to have a complete review of the subject. The topics are carefully defined and widely illustrated so as to capture the attention of neophytes who need to go further into the topic and explore the research literature.