Download or read book Advanced Prototyping of Variable Impedance Prosthetic Sockets for Trans tibial Amputees written by David Moinina Sengeh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work, supported by the Media Lab Consortium, evaluates the design of a Variable Impedance Prosthetic (VIPr) socket for a transtibial amputee using computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Compliant features are seamlessly integrated into a 3D printed socket to achieve lower interface peak pressures over bony protuberances by using anthropomorphic data acquired through surface scanning and magnetic resonance imaging techniques. An inverse linear mathematical transformation spatially maps quantitative measurements (bone tissue depth) of the human residual limb to the corresponding socket shape and impedance characteristics. The CAD/CAM VIPr socket is compared to a state-of-the-art prosthetic socket of similar internal geometry and shape, designed by a prosthetist using conventional methods. An active, bilateral transtibial male amputee of weight 70 kg walks on a force plate loaded 5-meter walkway, at self-selected speeds while synchronized ground reaction forces, motion capture data and socket residual limb interface pressures are measured for the evaluated sockets. We anticipated a decreased average interface pressure (measured using the Teksan F-SocketTM pressure sensors) in the VIPr socket, especially over stiff anatomical landmarks including the fibula head, the tibia, lateral and medial femoral condyles and medial tibial flare. Contact interface pressure recorded during stance of a complete gait cycle indicated a 15% and 17% reduction at toe-off and heel-strike respectively at the fibula head while the subject uses a VIPr socket in comparison to a conventional socket of similar internal shape. A corresponding 7% and 8% reduction in pressure is observed along the tibia. Similar trends of high-pressure reductions are observed during stair ascent trials with the VIPr socket.

Download or read book The Use of a Novel Residuum Model to Design a Variable impedance Transtibial Prosthetic Socket written by David Moinina Sengeh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For people living with limb amputation, the prosthetic socket - the interface between the residuum and prosthesis - is the most critical component. When a socket is uncomfortable, especially due to poor fit, the quality of life for a patient is greatly hindered. However, conventional design of sockets is largely artisan, with limited input of quantitative data. Current computer-aided and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) designs are still not clinically applicable solutions. Due to model identification procedures that employ non patient-specific and incomplete data sets, today's finite element (FE) models of the residuum are not predictive, leading to suboptimal socket designs. As such, there exists a need for a comprehensive biomechanical model of the residuum for the quantitative design and computational evaluation of patient-specific prosthetic sockets. This thesis presents a combined experimental-numerical approach to evaluate and validate a transtibial residuum biomechanical model. The central hypothesis of the work is that a single biomechanical model can predict the large non-linear response at various sites on a residuum under load. To evaluate this hypothesis, a non-linear, two-tissue model was formulated where tissue geometries were defined using MRI data of the residuum. The non-linear viscoelastic material parameters of the model were identified through inverse FEA-based optimization using in-vivo indentation experimental data at four locations. Using optimized model tissue parameters, the mean percentage error (mean absolute error/ maximum experimental force) between the experimental and simulation force-time curves at 14 other locations across the evaluated transtibial residuum was 7 ± 3%. Using this same modeling methodology and a single set of material constants to describe the bulk soft tissue biomechanical response of seven distinct transtibial residual limb models, the average percentage error for indentations at multiple locations across all seven limbs was 7 ± 1%. From these predictive models of residuum limbs, one rigid novel socket and two multimaterial transtibial sockets were designed, fabricated and evaluated through an entirely quantitative, automated and repeatable methodology. In a preliminary clinical investigation, the novel sockets were shown to reduce peak contact pressures at the tibia and fibular head regions on the residuum by significant amounts during standing compared to a conventional socket interface designed and fabricated by a trained prosthetist.

Download or read book Prosthetic Socket Design written by Arthur J. Petron and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prosthetic socket, the mechanical interface between an amputated residuum and an external prosthesis, is of critical importance to the performance of a prosthetic limb system. Conventional prosthetic socket technology is derived using a non-quantitative, artisan methodology. Consequently, a comfortable socket interface cannot be made reproducibly, and persons with limb amputation too often experience discomfort. As a resolution to this difficulty, the field of digital prosthetic socket design seeks to advance a quantitative CAD/CAM methodology for socket production to produce reproducible and comfortable interfaces. Prosthetic researchers have proposed a digital socket production work flow comprising the steps of 1) assessment of residuum tissue biomechanics; 2) modeling optimization of the residuum-socket interface, and 3) fabrication of a variable-impedance socket system based upon these optimizations. In this thesis, two novel technologies are designed, built and evaluated at either end of this work flow, namely a multi-indenter device for in vivo biomechanical tissue measurement and a quasi-passive variable-impedance transtibial socket interface. An active indenter platform called the FitSocket is presented. To assess residual-limb tissue biomechanics, the FitSocket comprised 14 position and force controllable actuators that circumferentially surround a biological residuum to form an actuator ring. Each actuator is individually controllable in position (97.1?m accuracy) and force (330mN accuracy) at a PC controller feedback rate of 500Hz, allowing for a range of measurement across a residuum. At five distinct anatomical locations across the residual limb, force versus deflection data are presented, demonstrating the accuracy and versatility of the FitSocket for residual limb tissue characterization. A passive, single indenter version of the FitSocket, called the FitPen, is also presented. The FitPen is designed to be ultra-portable in order to take biomechanical measurements in the field outside the laboratory setting. A quasi-passive socket (QPS) is presented having spatially and temporally varying socket wall impedances. The QPS is an autonomous computerized transtibial prosthetic interface that can stiffen or become compliant using computer-controlled electrolaminate actuators. The QPS measures forces applied by the limb on the socket, 3-axis acceleration of the socket, and the position of the electrolaminates. On a test participant with transtibial amputation, the socket was evaluated through sit-to-stand tests to determine the viability of computer-controlled electrolaminate engagement, and through a walking study to evaluate the ability of the electrolaminates to maintain their clutched state during ambulation at a self-selected walking speed. The average deflections of forced tibia movement in the sit-to-stand tests were 7 ± 2 mm while sitting with the electrolaminates in an unclutched state, and 2.1 ± 0.6 mm while standing with the electrolaminates in a clutched state. Further, the walking study showed a maximum unclutched deflection (3.7 ± 0.9 mm)16 times larger than that of the maximum deflection while clutched. This work was supported by the United States Department of Veteran Affairs through the VA Innovation Initiative (VAi2) program.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing Processes in Biomedical Engineering written by Atul Babbar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-29 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers innovative breakthroughs in additive manufacturing processes used for biomedical engineering. More and more, 3D printing is selected over traditional manufacturing processes, especially for complex designs, because of the many advantages such as fewer restrictions, better production cost savings, higher quality control, and accuracy. Current challenges and opportunities regarding material, design, cost savings, and efficiency are covered along with an outline of the most recent fabrication methods used for converting biomaterials into integrated structures that can fit best in anatomy while still obtaining the necessary architecture, mechanical reliability, biocompatibility, and anti-bacterial characteristics needed. Additional chapters will also focus on selected areas of applications such as bionics, affordable prostheses, implants, medical devices, rapid tooling, and drug delivery. Additive Manufacturing Processes in Biomedical Engineering: Advanced Fabrication Methods and Rapid Tooling Techniques acts as a first-hand reference for commercial manufacturing organizations which are mimicking tissue organs by using additive manufacturing techniques. By capturing the current trends of today’s manufacturing practices this book becomes a one-stop resource for manufacturing professionals, engineers in related disciplines, and academic researchers.

Download or read book ICTs for Improving Patients Rehabilitation Research Techniques written by Habib M. Fardoun and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on ICTs for Improving Patients Rehabilitation Research Techniques, REHAB 2015, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in October 2015. The 15 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. The papers explore how technology can contribute toward smarter and effective rehabilitation methods.

Download or read book Trans tibial Prosthetic System Design and Benefits for the Amputee Service Providers and Society written by Tim Dumbleton and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two trans-tibial socket concepts are in regular use in prosthetic clinics. These may be categorised as the "hands-on" (hand casting) concept and "hands-off' (pressure casting) concept which, in addition to the distinctive casting methods, require different liner materials and components to create the desired loading distribution. Amputees have stated that quality of fit of the prosthetic socket is of highest importance, but, although pressure distribution has long been regarded as important, there is no general consensus regarding socket fit criteria. Furthermore, the casting process is carried out with the limb stationary. During walking the pressure distribution will change constantly throughout the gait cycle. The quality of fit of the prosthesis remains very subjective with little quantitative information regarding the pressure distribution within the socket. The aim of this study was to investigate and to compare the dynamic interface pressure distribution of the two socket concepts for a trans-tibial amputee population. In addition, the impact of the two socket concepts on their daily living activities was assessed. The objective was to relate measured pressure distribution to activity level and patient acceptance and thus increase understanding of what constitutes a good socket fit. The dynamic interface pressure distribution inside the socket of 48 patient's own prosthesis was recorded, using a validated pressure measurement system. The dynamic pressures recorded between the residual limb and the prosthetic socket showed similar distributions between the different casting concepts, although overall the hands-off sockets showed higher pressures than the hands-on group. The results from the questionnaire indicated that the quality of fit of the prosthetic socket had a strong correlation with user satisfaction. Results of this study have shown that the impacts of the two distinct prosthetic socket concepts have on the life of the amputee are very similar. Most of the participants used their prosthetic device regularly, and responded in similar ways regardless of the type of socket worn.

Download or read book Modeling and fabrication of prosthetic sockets using selective laser sintering written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful rehabilitation of transtibial amputees involves effective fitting of prosthetic components. However, conventional techniques used to produce sockets with suitable characteristics are labor intensive and expensive, and depend on the work of skilled prosthetists that are relatively scarce compared to the number of transtibial amputees. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is a very promising technique for producing subject-specific sockets for transtibial amputee prostheses due to its inherent ability to create complex three-dimensional objects directly from digital shape information without the need for specific tooling, molds or human labor. This dissertation presents a framework for the design, analysis, manufacture and testing of SLS sockets for transtibial prostheses, including the development of a computer-aided design model of the socket with compliant features to enhance comfort, structural analysis using a Finite Element Method (FEM) model, fabrication of a functional prototype using SLS, and experimental validation of the FEM analysis. The validation involved quantifying the failing conditions of sockets manufactured using the framework during destructive tests. The experimental failure loads for the sockets were within a 3% range of the FEM results and were considered satisfactory. The specific design of orthogonally compliant features for socket was also analyzed. This process included the preliminary evaluation of design alternatives using FEM with validation through experimental measurements, definition of specific design methodology for the best alternatives, incorporation of solution within the socket and refinement of design using auxiliary features obtained through topology optimization. Finally, to investigate the structural response of the SLS socket during gait, a FEM model (acquired from Computed Tomography data of a transtibial amputee) composed of a socket, liner and residual limb under quasi-static loading derived from typical ground reaction forces was employed. Three different compliant designs were evaluated to assess their ability to locally relieve local pressure during the stance phase of gait, as well as their structural integrity to ensure safety. The design with a compliant feature consisting of spiral slots within the socket wall was determined to produce a local average relief of 65.8% in the interface pressure, reducing the peak pressure from 172 kPa to 66.4 kPa.

Download or read book Prosthetic Fitting written by Magnus Lilja and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design and Analysis of a Volume Adjustable Transtibial Prosthetic Socket for Pediatric Amputees in Developing Countries written by Meagan Renee Vaughan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For pediatric amputees in developing countries, where characteristically rapid growth of children is compounded by a lack of medical services, maintaining proper socket fit is a challenging but necessary endeavor. A socket design that adjusts for radial and longitudinal growth will allow patients to wear the same socket for a longer period of time saving them the expense of subsequent fittings and hardware. Manufacture of such a socket poses a challenge for contemporary manufacturing processes. Due to its ability to rapidly manufacture complex part geometries, Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is particularly suited to this application. Several preliminary design concepts for a volume adjustable transtibial SLS prosthetic socket for pediatric amputees in developing countries have been generated. These current design concepts utilize fasteners such as ratchet hooks and threads. Results from design and validation of theoretical models of these fastener concepts are the focus of this thesis.

Download or read book Lower limb Prosthetics written by Norman Berger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Synergistic Approach to Transtibial Socket Interface Mechanics written by Amy Lorraine Lenz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances for Prosthetic Technology written by Robert LeMoyne and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the advances in transtibial prosthetic technology and targets research in the evolution of the powered prosthesis such as the BiOM, which was derived from considerable research and development at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The concept of the book spans the historical evolution of prosthetic applications from passive to new and futuristic robotic prosthetic technologies. The author describes the reasons for amputation, surgical procedures, and an historical perspective of the prosthesis for the lower limb. He also addresses the phases and sub-phases of gait and compensatory mechanisms arising for a transtibial prosthesis and links the compensatory mechanisms to long-term morbidities. The general technologies for gait analysis central to prosthetic design and the inherent biomechanics foundations for analysis are also explored. The book reports on recent-past to current-term applications with passive elastic prostheses. The core of the book deals with futuristic robotic prostheses including their function and major subsystems, such as actuator technology, state machine control, and machine learning applications. Finally, the envisioned future trends in the prosthetic technology space are presented.

Download or read book Redesign of a Volume Adjustable Transtibial Prosthetic Socket written by Samuel Terrazas Quezada and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variable Stiffness Prosthetic Leg for Transtibial Amputees written by Ian D. Hardey and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fused Deposition Modeling Based 3D Printing written by Harshit K. Dave and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers 3D printing activities by fused deposition modeling process. The two introductory chapters discuss the principle, types of machines and raw materials, process parameters, defects, design variations and simulation methods. Six chapters are devoted to experimental work related to process improvement, mechanical testing and characterization of the process, followed by three chapters on post-processing of 3D printed components and two chapters addressing sustainability concerns. Seven chapters discuss various applications including composites, external medical devices, drug delivery system, orthotic inserts, watertight components and 4D printing using FDM process. Finally, six chapters are dedicated to the study on modeling and optimization of FDM process using computational models, evolutionary algorithms, machine learning, metaheuristic approaches and optimization of layout and tool path.

Download or read book Gait Analysis in the Science of Rehabilitation written by Joel A. DeLisa and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instrumented gait analysis systems offer objective evaluation of the effectiveness of the various rehabilitation treatments that are aimed at improving gait disabilities. There are four sections in this report: clinical observation; review of the instrumental gait analysis systems; the value of information resulting from instrumented gait analysis from the perspective of a psychiatrist, an orthopedic surgeon, & a physical therapist; & discussion of future trends for gait laboratories. The authors are experts from multiple rehabilitation specialties to give you an understanding of how gait analysis can be used to evaluate a person's walking abilities to maximize function & maintain or improve quality of life. Illustrations.

Download or read book Atlas of Limb Prosthetics written by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and published by Amer Academy of Orthopaedic. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly available after being out of print for several years, this is the definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired or congenital limb loss. Covers indications for amputation vs. limb salvage for trauma, peripheral vascular disease, and tumours; indications for prostheses for amputation levels; and rehabilitation approaches.