Download or read book Advanced Development of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methods and Their Utilization Towards the Understanding of Metabolic Diseases written by Clara Leigh Feider and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) technologies offer a unique opportunity to bring the specificity and sensitivity of MS into clinics, potentially allowing rapid analyses of biospecimens without need for sample preparation or highly trained personnel. As these technologies offer significant advantages over current technologies in terms of speed and suitability for a hospital environment, ambient ionization methods have been applied to a wide variety of clinical applications such as disease diagnosis, therapeutic drug monitoring, and biomarker discovery. Despite these successes, there remain challenges for these methods to overcome before they can be relied upon for routine analysis of patient samples. Prior to their use by physicians to inform decisions regarding patient care, ambient ionization MS technologies must be robust, versatile, and be shown to improve patient outcomes by providing information that is lacking in current standard of care procedures. This dissertation serves to outline recent advancements made towards the improvements of ambient ionization MS technologies as well as the application of these techniques towards disease indications that have yet to be explored. Chapter 2 provides data and discussion about how relative humidity can contribute to variability and poor data quality during desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS experiments, providing essential information about how atmospheric conditions can contribute to the robustness of the technique. Chapters 3 and 4 present methods for integration of new separation and fragmentation techniques with ambient ionization methods in order to increase the amount of information that can be gathered from a biological specimen. Finally, Chapter 5 presents results from the utilization of DESI-MS imaging towards understanding endometriosis, a chronic gynecological condition that has limited diagnosis and treatment options for patients. The entirety of this work aims to discuss how further improvements to ambient ionization MS technologies can make them useful for understanding a wider variety of disease processes and the progress that is being made to this end

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences written by Kei Zaitsu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences: Principles and Applications is a systematic introduction to this rapidly expanding area of study. Underlying principles of each technique are explained in detail, along with discussions on their applications across life science disciplines. Ambient ionization has recently emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry, hence this book is not just for analysts and researchers who use and study mass spectrometry. This volume would be of interest to anyone who works in or studies analytical chemistry, omics sciences (including metabolomics), pharmacokinetics, forensic science or drug analysis. Covers the most up-to-date techniques, including DART, DCBI, DESI, PESI, PSI, REIMS and laser-based ambient ionization Includes easy-to-understand pros and cons of each ionization technique to aid in decision-making Provides plentiful examples of life science applications

Download or read book Development of Microscopy Ambient Ionization Top down Mass Spectrometry written by Cheng-Chih Hsu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an immense cellular and molecular heterogeneity in biological system. For example, during the embryonic development, the progenitor cells could differentiate into varieties type of cell due to the gradient of chemical stimulus. Once the cell fate is determined, the metabolomics and proteomic features of the cell will subsequently alter. Knowing the details of the molecular interplays between cellular and chemical heterogeneities is crucial in the understanding of the complex biological system. Mass spectrometry, provides a way of label-free strategy to obtain the chemical information. In the recent decades, considerable amounts of new ionization methods were developed for the use of mass spectrometric analysis on biological system. Among those methods, those so-called "soft ionization" techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI), have been greatly utilized for biomedical studies. However, some technical limitations currently hinder the application to the more general biology society. First, the spatial mass spectrometric measurement is solely based on passive imaging processes. In this regard, a real-time chemical investigation guided by the histological measurement, e.g. optical microscopy, is difficult. Second, high sensitive instruments that allow detection of full molecular weight range, e.g. covering small metabolites, lipids, and proteins, are rare and hardly used for imaging. Third, ionization methods for surface analysis are challenging for soft biological samples, e.g. bacterial colonies, at their native states. My thesis work is the development of mass spectrometry-based tools that are less limited by the abovementioned aspects and to extend the potential use of mass spectrometry. In Chapter 1, I will briefly review the current progress of the development on ambient ionization techniques as well as the emergence of their applications to biological system. Chapter 2 describes how I interfaced an inverted fluorescence microscope with an ambient ionization source (nanoDESI) so that the molecular information was obtained via the guidance of microscope directly on glass slides. Endogenous molecules as large as hemoglobin could be characterized without immunostaining. This is for the first time that proteins on ex vivo tissue sections could be identified using ambient mass spectrometry. Using this platform we found unique molecular patterns that only express at certain embryonic stages. In Chapter 3 a new ways of microbial metabolomics are introduced using a different surface flow-probe. Chapter 4 we further applied the microscope-mass spectrometry interface to study bats with white-nose syndrome. Key molecules that may be causal to the devastating disease are found. Lastly, Chapter 5 put forth a future direction how tools described in the thesis can be extended to cancer pathology.

Download or read book Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Marek Domin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry enabling sample analysis with minimal sample preparation. Introducing the subject and explaining the basic concepts and terminology, this book will provide a comprehensive, unique treatise devoted to the subject. Written by acknowledged experts, there are full descriptions on how new ionization techniques work, with an overview of their strengths, weaknesses and applications. This title will bring the reader right up to date, with both applications and theory, and will be suitable as a tutorial text for those starting in the field from a variety of disciplines.

Download or read book Advancements in Ambient Ionization and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methods and Their Application in Disease Diagnosis and Characterization written by Monica Lin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) techniques provide a powerful approach to investigate the molecular composition and spatial distribution of complex samples with high sensitivity and specificity. In particular, these techniques have been widely applied to achieve rapid molecular analysis of complex clinical samples including native tissue samples and biospecimens. Several types of direct analysis MS techniques have been developed for tissue analysis including a variety of ambient ionization MS techniques and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS. Notably, both approaches are highly capable of performing molecular imaging of endogenous metabolites, lipids, and proteins to characterize tissue samples. Furthermore, through applying ambient ionization and MALDI MS imaging techniques, new insights into disease state can be learned by investigating the correlation between spatially resolved molecular information with histological evaluation in tissue samples. Although several other types of direct analysis MS techniques have been developed, this dissertation focuses on advancements using solvent-based ambient ionization MS (e.g. desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)) and MALDI MS imaging methods for tissue analysis and disease characterization. In Chapter 2, a fundamental and systematic investigation of the affect of solvent properties on molecular extraction processes in solvent-based ambient ionization was performed. In Chapter 3, the performance of DESI MS imaging for the analysis and statistical classification of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies using different solvents, sources, and high-performance MS systems was evaluated. Next, Chapter 4 describes the development of a sample preparation method for MALDI MS imaging to improve detection of various endogenous proteins by selectively reducing signal from hemoglobin proteins in blood-rich tissues. Lastly, in Chapter 5, various MALDI imaging MS methods were applied to characterize the protein and N-glycan molecular signatures in endometriosis tissues and provide new insights into possible mechanisms of endometriosis development and progression. Collectively, this dissertation provides insights into the fundamental aspects, method developments, and applications of direct analysis MS techniques including solvent-based ambient ionization MS and MALDI MS imaging for tissue analysis. Furthermore, this dissertation showcases the exciting and significant potential of direct analysis MS techniques to solve current challenges in the clinic and provide new insights in healthcare and medicine

Download or read book Applications of Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Cancer written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Cancer, the latest volume in the Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. This volume presents original reviews on applications of mass spectrometry imaging to cancer. Provides information on cancer research Offers outstanding and original reviews on a range of cancer research topics Serves as an indispensable reference for researchers and students alike

Download or read book Imaging Mass Spectrometry written by Laura M Cole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition details new and updated chapters on key methodologies and breakthroughs in the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) field. Chapters guide readers through nano-Desorption Electrospray Ionisation (nDESI), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation-2 (MALDI-2), Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) ,Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) with a variety of diverse samples including eye tissue, crop analysis, 3D cell culture models, and counterfeit goods analysis. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Biological Samples by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Advance Clinical Assessment of Human Disease written by Kyana Yvette Garza and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS) approaches have revolutionized the way diagnostic molecular information can be obtained from biological and clinical samples, requiring minimal to no sample pretreatment, being operationally simple, and most importantly, providing near real time assessment of molecular information directly from biospecimens. Ambient ionization approaches have been widely applied to various clinical applications including screening of inborn errors of metabolism, therapeutic drug monitoring, and disease diagnosis and subtyping, with the goal of evaluating their use for addressing complex challenges in human health. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS is the most extensively used ambient ionization method for the investigation of molecular changes in tissue biospecimens, showing great potential for providing complimentary information to routine histopathology. Since its inception, a variety of other ambient ionization MS methods have been developed, with newer techniques, such as the MasSpec Pen, envisioned for the intraoperative analysis of in vivo and ex vivo tissue specimen during surgery. This dissertation describes the development and application of ambient ionization MS methods for the investigation of various human diseases. Chapter 2 provides discussion on the robustness of DESI-MS for breast cancer tissue section evaluation and receptor status determination in a multi-center study, providing evidence of its potential use to compliment routine histopathological assessment. Chapter 3 describes the optimization of DESI-MS to expand the molecular information obtained from a single tissue section, demonstrating for the first time the detection of proteins directly from tissue sections by DESI-MS. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss the clinical translation of the MasSpec Pen into an operating room for feasibility testing as well as the evaluation of the technology for improving intraoperative surgical margin evaluation during breast cancer surgeries. Lastly, Chapter 6 discusses the modification of the MasSpec Pen to better analyze clinical nasal swabs and its application toward screening of COVID-19 disease using lipid information

Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging written by Tiffany Porta Siegel and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers, in a single resource, knowledge about matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging. It includes fundamentals in the MALDI ionisation process, different source geometries and capabilities, detection systems and the latest research and applications in the range of –omics area as well as other broader areas. Chapters will touch on dedicated sample preparation protocols specific for the class of compounds of interest, instrumentation used with strengths and current limitations, strategies for structural analysis and identification and applications. It will be a welcomed addition to the literature in this fast-moving field and provide a guide to new innovations and applications especially in metabolomics and proteomics. With contributions from leading experts, this book will be an authoritative guide to this method. Aimed at postgraduate and professional researchers, in academia and in the industrial market where it has direct application to clinical research. It will be a supporting volume for those just entering the field as well as experienced practitioners.

Download or read book Advancements of Mass Spectrometry in Biomedical Research written by Alisa G. Woods and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the use of mass spectrometry for biomedical applications. Chapters focus on specific therapeutic areas such as oncology, infectious disease and psychiatry. Additional chapters focus on methodology as well as new technologies and instrumentation. This volume provides readers with a comprehensive and informative manual that will allow them to appreciate mass spectrometry and proteomic research but also to initiate and improve their own work. Thus the book acts as a technical guide but also a conceptual guide to the newest information in this exciting field. Mass spectrometry is the central tool used in proteomic research today and is rapidly becoming indispensable to the biomedical scientist. With the completion of the human genome project and the genomic revolution, the proteomic revolution has followed closely behind. Understanding the human proteome has become critical to basic and clinical biomedical research and holds the promise of providing comprehensive understanding of human physiological processes. In addition, proteomics and mass spectrometry are bringing unprecedented biomarker discovery and are helping to personalize medicine.

Download or read book Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules written by Lin He and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectroscopy Imaging (MSI) has emerged as an enabling technique to provide insight into the molecular entities within cells, tissues and whole-body samples and to understand inherent complexities within biological metabolomes. In Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules: Methods and Protocols, experts in the MSI field present techniques for 2D and 3D visualization and quantification of a wide array of small molecular species present in biologically relevant samples. Chapters provide detailed operational instructions from sample preparation to method selection, from comparative quantification to structural identification and from data collection to visualization of small molecule mapping in complex samples. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules: Methods and Protocols aims to bring the rapidly maturing methods of metabolic imaging to life science researchers and to minimize technical intimidation in adapting new technological platforms in biological research.

Download or read book Recent Developments in Mass Spectrometry in Biochemistry and Medicine written by Alberto Frigerio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Place of Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism Studies.- In vitro and in Vivo Studies on the Metabolism of Dibenzo [c, f]--[1,2] Diazepine.- Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Identification of Urinary Metabolites of Propildazine in Rat.- Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Sydnocarb ® and its Major Metabolites in Rat.- Metabolism of an Aryloxy Beta Blocking Drug.- Isolation and Identification of the Chloroform Soluble Urinary Metabolites of Suloctidil in Man.- Are Stable Sulfenic Acids Possible Metabolites of Suloctidil?.- The Electron Impact Fragmentation of Products Related to N-(A.

Download or read book Methodologies for Metabolomics written by Norbert W. Lutz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-21 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolomics, the global characterisation of the small molecule complement involved in metabolism, has evolved into a powerful suite of approaches for understanding the global physiological and pathological processes occurring in biological organisms. The diversity of metabolites, the wide range of metabolic pathways and their divergent biological contexts require a range of methodological strategies and techniques. Methodologies for Metabolomics provides a comprehensive description of the newest methodological approaches in metabolomic research. The most important technologies used to identify and quantify metabolites, including nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry, are highlighted. The integration of these techniques with classical biological methods is also addressed. Furthermore, the book presents statistical and chemometric methods for evaluation of the resultant data. The broad spectrum of topics includes a vast variety of organisms, samples and diseases, ranging from in vivo metabolomics in humans and animals to in vitro analysis of tissue samples, cultured cells and biofluids.

Download or read book Development of Substrate based Ambient Ionization Techniques for Direct Sampling by Mass Spectrometry written by Sierra Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved into one of the most important methods for the characterization and detection of biological and chemical molecules. The development of soft ionization methods such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) have made these applications possible. However, the requirement for extensive sample preparation has limited analyses that require complex sampling. These limitations in the analysis process have led to the expansion of ambient ionization mass spectrometry. This dissertation describes the development and optimization of novel ambient ionization methods that rely on porous/cellulose-based substrates such as thread and paper. Chapter 2 depicts a thread spray ionization method with forensic serology applications. Thread spray ionization enables direct analysis of trace levels of blood on textiles without extensive sample preparation reducing backlog seen in many criminal laboratories. This dissertation describes the successful implementation of thread spray as a rapid presumptive method of blood-stained textiles through the identification of heme in whole blood. Thread spray ionization is also a suitable confirmatory method through the direct differentiation of human, canine, and horse blood by determining the species’ specific phospholipid lipid profiles. Chapter 3 outlines thread spray ionization as a rapid in situ method for detection of agrochemicals in complex matrices such as surface water and foodstuff. Determination of pesticide residues in a wide variety of matrices is an ongoing challenge due to small quantities of analytes and substantial amounts of interfering substances that can be coextracted with the analytes. In this chapter, we detail the use of a nano-thread spray mass spectrometry approach that utilizes a nano spray like emitter, as opposed to the traditional thread spray ionization apparatus, to enhance on-thread separation of agrochemicals and environmental matrices. This analysis was used for the detection of glyphosate (GLYP) and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in surface water. Nano thread spray ionization was then used for the detection of the pesticides diphenylamine (DPA) and thiabendazole on the surface and cores of post-harvest dipped fruits. Chapter 4 describes the development and optimization of a 3-dimensional (3D) wax-printed microfluidic paper-based analytical device, μPAD, for multiplexed disease detection. The 3D wax-printed μPAD is designed for on-line sample splitting, reagent storage, and MS analysis via stacking different layers of two-dimensional (2D) wax-printed paper substrates together. Assembled devices’ transport efficiency were evaluated using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA-FITC), where μPADs efficiently transported BSA-FITC through devices. We believe the proof-of-concept 3D wax-printed μPAD described in this chapter will be capable of direct multiplex analysis for paper-based immunoassay in resource-limited settings.

Download or read book Optimization of Ambient Ionization Methodologies for Field Investigations Utilizing Portable Mass Spectrometric Instrumentation written by Shahnaz Mukta and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late nineteenth century, Sir J.J. Thompson’s experiment on cathode ray tubes led to the ultimate invention of the mass spectrometer. Mass spectrometry (MS) is now recognized as a highly selective and sensitive analytical tool with a myriad of applications. To date, most MS systems are better suited for laboratory usage. However, much effort is being place in developing instrumentation and methodologies for field applications. Correspondingly, studies must be conducted to assess the suitability of instrument usage in the field. In recent years, a relatively new class of ionization techniques, ambient ionization, is gaining much popularity. In conjugation with portable mass spectrometry, these techniques have the potential for rapid, on-site analyte detection from samples in their native states. The objective of this research is to investigate the ruggedness of a portable mass spectrometer, the FLIR Systems AI-MS 1.2, and optimization of ambient ionization sources to determine their combined reliability for field applications. Instrument ruggedness was demonstrated by subjecting it to changes in temperature and relative humidity while observing its response to analyte detection. The robust instrument, coupled with ambient ionization sources, was employed for on-site forensic and environmental analysis. Paper spray ionization (PSI) was explored for rapid detection of synthetic cannabinoids but prompted an optimization study involving the employed spray solvent system to enhance reliability of use. Paper cone spray ionization (PCSI) was investigated for qualitative analysis of agrochemical contaminants in soil, an application area that has not been successfully reported via ambient MS methods. Proof-of-principle investigations into temporal profiling of agrochemical degradation was also examined.

Download or read book Mass Spectrometry Imaging written by Stanislav S. Rubakhin and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2012-10-13 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) offers unmatched capabilities for the detection, characterization, and identification of a broad range of analytes. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) integrates MS data with information on the spatial distributions of the analytes, further enhancing the applicability of MS. In Mass Spectrometry Imaging: Principles and Protocols, expert practitioners from academia, industry, and the clinic contribute cutting-edge protocols describing the application of MSI to investigations of analyte localization in a variety of specimens, from microorganisms to plant and animal tissues. Divided into three sections, this volume presents the principles of MS, current and future trends of MSI, and qualitative and quantitative protocols to measure and identify endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics. An array of MSI approaches and technologies for characterizing peptide and protein distributions are described in detail. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, protocol chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, and step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory procedures. Also included are notes providing tips to avoid experimental pitfalls and helpful suggestions for method troubleshooting. Comprehensive and up-to-date, Mass Spectrometry Imaging: Principles and Protocols is written for scientists, biological and chemical engineers, and clinicians who are interested in applying MSI in their work and those who would benefit from having detailed experimental guidelines available in a single, convenient source.

Download or read book The Development and Utilization of Aerodynamic Devices in Biological Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of mass spectrometry in the chemical and biological sciences is ever evolving as there is an increasing interest to understand the biomolecular structure and interaction of proteins and their potential impact on human health. To this end, emerging techniques that complement or enhance mass spectrometric capabilities are of significant relevance. While the impact of mass spectrometry in every field (e.g. proteomics, drug development, environmental, crop science, or petrochemical) has varied, increased accessibility of instrumentation and expertise to address relevant issues across disciplines will result in even greater acceptance of this powerful technology. Some compounds may not ionize by a predominant method, electrospray ionization (ESI) or matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), but recently a number of ionization sources have been developed that further encompass more classes of molecules for mass spectrometric analysis. Limited sample availability is a practical issue which demands lower limits-of-detection. In efforts to address this, devices such as the ion funnel and the air amplifier are being developed to more efficiently transport ions within or into the mass spectrometer (respectively). With continued ionization source and instrumentation improvements, there will undoubtedly be additional physicians, scientists, and engineers who realize the great potential and benefit of using mass spectrometry to address questions related to their particular field of study. This dissertation describes the utilization of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), which affords high resolving power and mass measurement accuracy, for the majority of ionization source developments. These ionization source efforts have been directed at improving current and emerging ionization techniques. A method for transporting neutral species for subsequent ionization termed remote analyte sampling, transport and ionization relay (RA.