Download or read book Advanced Data Inversion Applied to Cascade Impactor Data written by Eric Jayjock and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, there is a lack of an FDA approved bio-equivalence test for generic aerosol drug products. The prime candidate for such a test is a device known as the cascade impactor. The cascade impactor uses a momentum-based impaction mechanism to classify incoming aerosols into different size bins. As the deposition of an aerosol in the lung is also driven by a momentum-based impaction, in principle, the cascade impactor is expected to be ideally suited for the task. In practice the cascade impactor has been limited by a major shortcoming: it does not sharply divide incoming aerosol into various size bins. To make impactors as accurate as possible, the current development methodology uses data from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to produce stages with maximally sharp cut-off sizes. However, these models do not account for the propensity for solid particles to rebound off the collection plate. As a result, cascade impactors have fairly straight impaction curves, but these curves come at the cost of increased variability. It is hypothesized that a superior impactor could be created by eliminating particle bounce, and then developing methods to accurately recover the data for the non-ideal impactor stage performance. In this work, tools are developed to help make such a device a reality. First, two inference-based inversion techniques, maximum entropy and fisher information, are formulated for use with the cascade impactor and tested with a model Andersen Cascade Impactor. Both techniques are shown to be capable of recovering accurate distributions from non-ideal impactors. The maximum entropy technique is found to be mathematically less complex, but also less accurate. The fisher information technique demonstrated superior accuracy, but it is much more mathematically complex and difficult to implement. For both inversion techniques, the relationship between neighboring impactor stages is found to be important to the accuracy of the inversion technique. In the second part, the ability of CFD tools to predict the impactor curve shape was tested. It was found that this approach lead to an over prediction of the sharpness of the impactor curves.
Download or read book Advanced Methods of Joint Inversion and Fusion of Multiphysics Data written by Michael S. Zhdanov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Different physical or geophysical methods provide information about distinctive physical properties of the objects, e.g., rock formations and mineralization. In many cases, this information is mutually complementary, which makes it natural for consideration in a joint inversion of the multiphysics data. Inversion of the observed data for a particular experiment is subject to considerable uncertainty and ambiguity. One productive approach to reducing uncertainty is to invert several types of data jointly. Nonuniqueness can also be reduced by incorporating additional information derived from available a priori knowledge about the target to reduce the search space for the solution. This additional information can be incorporated in the form of a joint inversion of multiphysics data. Generally established joint inversion methods, however, are inadequate for incorporating typical physical or geological complexity. For example, analytic, empirical, or statistical correlations between different physical properties may exist for only part of the model, and their specific form may be unknown. Features or structures that are present in the data of one physical method may not be present in the data generated by another physical method or may not be equally resolvable. This book presents and illustrates several advanced, new approaches to joint inversion and data fusion, which do not require a priori knowledge of specific empirical or statistical relationships between the different model parameters or their attributes. These approaches include the following novel methods, among others: 1) the Gramian method, which enforces the correlation between different parameters; 2) joint total variation functional or joint focusing stabilizers, e.g., minimum support and minimum gradient support constraints; 3) data fusion employing a joint minimum entropy stabilizer, which yields the simplest multiphysics solution that fits the multi-modal data. In addition, the book describes the principles of using artificial intelligence (AI) in solving multiphysics inverse problems. The book also presents in detail both the mathematical principles of these advanced approaches to joint inversion of multiphysics data and successful case histories of regional-scale and deposit-scale geophysical studies to illustrate their indicated advantages.
Download or read book Aerosol Measurement written by Pramod Kulkarni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 1497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol Measurement: Principles, Techniques, and Applications Third Edition is the most detailed treatment available of the latest aerosol measurement methods. Drawing on the know-how of numerous expert contributors; it provides a solid grasp of measurement fundamentals and practices a wide variety of aerosol applications. This new edition is updated to address new and developing applications of aerosol measurement, including applications in environmental health, atmospheric science, climate change, air pollution, public health, nanotechnology, particle and powder technology, pharmaceutical research and development, clean room technology (integrated circuit manufacture), and nuclear waste management.
Download or read book Cascade Impactor written by James P. Lodge and published by Amer Industrial Hygiene Assn. This book was released on 1986 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cascade Impactor Sampling and Data Analysis written by Lodge Jr JP Ed and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cascade Impactor Data Reduction with SR 52 and TI 59 Programmable Calculators written by L. E. Sparks and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A computer based cascade impactor data reduction system written by Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory (Research Triangle Park, N.C.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Sampling Instruments for Evaluation of Atmospheric Contaminants written by Beverly S. Cohen and published by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists. This book was released on 1995 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive guide to the sampling of airborne contaminants. Addresses both occupational and environmental air sampling issues and presents measurement methods for both gaseous and particulate air contaminants. This guide also shows available air sampling instruments and provides information for their use.
Download or read book Environment Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lunar Sourcebook written by Grant Heiken and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1991-04-26 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only work to date to collect data gathered during the American and Soviet missions in an accessible and complete reference of current scientific and technical information about the Moon.
Download or read book An Introduction to Bayesian Scientific Computing written by Daniela Calvetti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-20 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been written for undergraduate and graduate students in various disciplines of mathematics. The authors, internationally recognized experts in their field, have developed a superior teaching and learning tool that makes it easy to grasp new concepts and apply them in practice. The book’s highly accessible approach makes it particularly ideal if you want to become acquainted with the Bayesian approach to computational science, but do not need to be fully immersed in detailed statistical analysis.
Download or read book Aerosol Science written by Ian Colbeck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AEROSOL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Aerosols influence many areas of our daily life. They are at the core of environmental problems such as global warming, photochemical smog and poor air quality. They can also have diverse effects on human health, where exposure occurs in both outdoor and indoor environments. However, aerosols can have beneficial effects too; the delivery of drugs to the lungs, the delivery of fuels for combustion and the production of nanomaterials all rely on aerosols. Advances in particle measurement technologies have made it possible to take advantage of rapid changes in both particle size and concentration. Likewise, aerosols can now be produced in a controlled fashion. Reviewing many technological applications together with the current scientific status of aerosol modelling and measurements, this book includes: Satellite aerosol remote sensing The effects of aerosols on climate change Air pollution and health Pharmaceutical aerosols and pulmonary drug delivery Bioaerosols and hospital infections Particle emissions from vehicles The safety of emerging nanomaterials Radioactive aerosols: tracers of atmospheric processes With the importance of this topic brought to the public's attention after the eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull, this book provides a timely, concise and accessible overview of the many facets of aerosol science.
Download or read book Particle Size Analysis in Estimating the Significance of Airborne Contamination written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 1978 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
