Download or read book Adult Chinook Salmon Heat Stress and Reproductive Consequences in Southcentral Alaska written by Madeline L. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores the causes and potential fitness consequences of heat stress on spawning Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in an era of rapid warming in Alaska. Cook Inlet, Southcentral Alaska, accounts for nearly half of the state’s total sport, personal use, and subsistence harvest of hatchery-produced Chinook salmon. Southcentral Alaska provides an excellent opportunity to understand the potential for hatcheries to interact with climate warming and increasing habitat alteration with human development. The first objective of this thesis is to improve understanding of the factors associated with heat stress responses among and within Chinook salmon populations in relation to water temperatures. Extensive field surveys were conducted on prespawn adult Chinook salmon in two adjacent rivers in Southcentral Alaska to collect a known biomarker heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as a non-lethal tool for thermal stress quantification. The research team for this study quantified HSP70 abundance in 39 female Chinook salmon of both hatchery and wild origin in the relatively cool, glacial-fed Crooked Creek in 2020 and in 144 wild and hatchery Chinook salmon, majority female, in the warmer groundwater-fed Ninilchik River in 2020 and 2021. We also sampled an additional 130 broodstock Chinook salmon immediately after gamete collection and extended holding in raceways and handling next to the Ninilchik River. To compare HSP70 expression across river populations, rearing conditions, and hatchery broodstock holding, we used generalized additive models that allow for non-linear responses between heat stress and temperature. I, with help of a larger research team, found that Ninilchik River Chinook salmon exhibited lower HSP70 levels at a given temperature than Crooked Creek Chinook salmon, in part challenging the notion that the relatively warm system would result in greater heat stress. We also found a hatchery effect, with wild individuals expressing higher HSP70 than those with hatchery origins from both rivers. Our most prominent and consistent result was a significant difference in HSP70 between the Ninilchik River Chinook salmon that were handled for gamete collection and those that were not, showing that the additional handling for associated hatchery programs in these rivers appears to elevate the HSP70 response without heat stress-inducing temperatures. My second goal is to quantify the impact of heat stress on aspects of reproductive performance. I was able to quantify a prespawn mortality rate in female Chinook salmon as well as calculate an average number of days that wild Chinook salmon spent on the Ninilchik River spawning grounds. I also analyzed reproductive success in the hatchery by associating Ninilchik River Chinook salmon HSP70 levels to their progeny’s egg survival to the eyed stage under controlled conditions. We found that there was no significant relationship between HSP70 concentration and egg survival to the eyed stage. Managers have consistently observed low egg survival of Ninilchik River hatchery fish, and this work suggests temperature effects and heat stress are unlikely to be the primary cause of that mortality. Applied aspects of the work suggest managers should focus efforts on limiting handling and holding stressors while collecting broodstock in the Ninilchik River rather than focusing on temperature per se. While the ultimate consequences of heat stress for the reproductive success of Chinook salmon remain unclear, taken as a whole, this work sheds light on some of the factors that may facilitate or impede adaptive responses to warming conditions by adults of this species.
Download or read book Impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-01-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report indicates that climate change will significantly affect the availability and trade of fish products, especially for those countries most dependent on the sector, and calls for effective adaptation and mitigation actions encompassing food production.
Download or read book Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the United States written by Julie Koppel Maldonado and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-05 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a long history and deep connection to the Earth’s resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. The book explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the United States, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. The book also highlights how tribal communities and programs are responding to the changing environments. Fifty authors from tribal communities, academia, government agencies and NGOs contributed to the book. Previously published in Climatic Change, Volume 120, Issue 3, 2013.
Download or read book Biological Opinion that Address the Potential Effects on Sacramento River Winter run Chinook Salmon from the Bureau of Reclamation s Proposed Los Vaqueros Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
Download or read book Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments written by Elżbieta Kalisińska and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The population explosion that began in the 1960s has been accompanied by a decrease in the quality of the natural environment, e.g. pollution of the air, water and soil with essential and toxic trace elements. Numerous poisonings of people and animals with highly toxic anthropogenic Hg and Cd in the 20th century prompted the creation of the abiotic environment, mainly in developed countries. However, the system is insufficient for long-term exposure to low concentrations of various substances that are mainly ingested through food and water. This problem could be addressed by the monitoring of sentinels – organisms that accumulate trace elements and as such reflect the rate and degree of environmental pollution. Usually these are long-lived vertebrates – herbivorous, omnivorous and carnivorous birds and mammals, especially game species. This book describes the responses of the sentinels most commonly used in ecotoxicological studies to 17 trace elements.
Download or read book Battle Creek Salmon and Steelhead Restoration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Haa L elk w H s Aan Saax written by Thomas F. Thornton and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Haa Leelk'w Has Aan' Saaxu / Our Grandparents' Names on the Land presents the results of a collaborative project with Native communities of Southeast Alaska to record indigenous geographic names. Documenting and analyzing more than 3,000 Tlingit, Haida, and other Native names on the land, it highlights their descriptive force and cultural significance. With community maps, tables, and photographs, this book will be invaluable for those seeking to understand Alaska Native geographic perspectives. As Tlingits from the Hoonah Indian Association explain in the book: "Long before Russian, French, Spanish, and British explorers mapped and named the mountains and bays of the Huna Tlingit homeland, we identified special places in our own vibrant, descriptive ways. Tlingit place names reflect important natural resources, ancestral stories, sacred places, and major geological and historic events. Our place names describe more than just inanimate locations for we perceive the mountains, glaciers, and streams to be as alive and aware as ourselves. Rather, they capture the history, emotions, and stories of our enduring relationship with a living, evolving landscape." "The new benchmark against which all future work will be measured." -Richard Dauenhauer, author of Russians in Tlingit America "Thomas Thornton and his Tlingit colleagues show how 'grandparents' names on the land' provide exquisite scaffolding for human ecologies in North America's far northwest--a moral universe inhabited by a community of beings in constant communication and exchange. This book will be a resource for the ages." -Julie Cruikshank, author of Do Glaciers Listen? Local Knowledge, Colonial Encounters, and Social Imagination "Restoring Tlingit placenames and their meanings will root our people back in place and decolonize the landscape, and Thornton has provided us with a fundamental tool to do exactly that. Sh t--oghaa xhat ditee--I am grateful." -Lance A. Twitchell, Xh'unei, University of Alaska Southeast Thomas F. Thornton is senior research fellow and director of the Environmental Change and Management Program at the Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford He is the author of Being and Place among the Tlingit.
Download or read book Dams Fish and Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of free longitudinal passage of river fauna is stressed.
Download or read book Biological Agricultural Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 2984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bald Eagles in Alaska written by Philip F. Schempf and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expansive collection of papers and articles from internationally recognized bald eagle experts. Presented is a complete portrait of the status and ecology of the bald eagle in Alaska.A collection of papers and articles from international bald eagle experts, which present a complete portrait of the status and ecology of the bald eagle in Alaska. Myriad topics include culture, biology, population history and status, conservation and management, the Alaskan habitat from the northern rainforest to the Aleutian Islands, attitudes from diverse groups from the Tlingit to bounty hunters, along with sound scientific data.
Download or read book Conference Papers Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
