Download or read book Adjectives in the LinGO Grammar Matrix written by Thomas Trimble and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The LinGO Grammar Matrix (Bender et al. 2002, 2010) provides a system for user-linguists to jump start the creation of starter Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar precision grammars (Pollard and Sag 1994), with semantic representations in Minimal Recursion Semantics (Copestake et al. 2005). The Grammar Matrix provides an online questionnaire for users to describe their target language in a user-friendly and typologically motivated fashion. This description is utilized to produce customized, language-specific rule definitions extending a core, near universal set of types available to any grammar. I propose and implement a new library for intersective adjectives cross-linguistically, considering both attributive and predicative constructions, editing and extending the core grammar while adding additional capabilities to the online customization system to analyze adjectives in target languages and generate language-specific customized grammars with analyses of adjectives. I present a broad typological review the behavior of adjectives, including the morphology and syntax of adjectives, along with an overview of the literature on the semantics of adjectives. I also present a review of the adjectives in several large implemented deep linguistic HPSG grammars in the DELPH-IN formalism. I develop a cross-linguistic analysis of adjectives, adapting previous DELPH-IN analyses to cover significant amounts of new data. The analysis relies not only on definitions in the lexicon, but also on defining the syntactic behavior of adjectives in the morphology. I present a computational implementation of this analysis as an extension to the Grammar Matrix. Finally, I present an evaluation of this extension, showing that the extension achieves 100% coverage of development language test suites and 100% coverage of held out test language test suites, with minimal spurious ambiguity.
Download or read book Adjective Classes written by R.M.W. Dixon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-09-16 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows that every language has an adjective class and how such classes vary. Thirteen scholars report original research on languages from North, Central and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and the Pacific. The book throws new light on the nature and classification of adjectives and redefines the cross-linguistic parameters of their variation.
Download or read book Adjectives in Different Grammars written by Cordula Zwanzig and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Dresden Technical University (Sprachwissenschaft), course: Syntactic Patterns in English, language: English, abstract: Das Term Paper gibt einen übersichtlichen Einstieg zum Thema Adjectives. Da es Standardwerke vergleicht, ist es besonders für Studienanfänger geeignet, die sich einen schnellen Überblick über die vorhanden Literatur verschaffen wollen.
Download or read book Linguistic Categories Auxiliaries and Related Puzzles written by F. Heny and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1983-08-31 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on Papers Presented at the Fourth Groningen Round Table, Held in July 1980 and Organized by the Institute for General Linguistics of Groningen University
Download or read book The Positions of Adjectives in English written by Peter Hugoe Matthews and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the uses of adjectives in different constructions, and of the problems that arise in their analysis, both in terms of syntactic theory and philosophy of grammar. Professor Matthews also examines a variety of other issues relating to individual adjective positions, including the basic structure of noun phrases and the justification for binary constituents; the status of the copular and its uses in the progressive; the indeterminacy of what were once described as raised constructions; and the function of postmodifying adjectives and adjective phrases in relation to others. The book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in theoretical and descriptive linguistics, especially those focusing on the history of the English language and lexicology.
Download or read book A Is for Adjective written by Ryan Wright and published by Litfire Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A is for Adjective is for ANY L1 (language one) or L2 (language two) speakers of the English language who might be in the process of wanting to learn more. This includes teachers and students alike, who may want to either study, teach, learn, or do simple research of it. The book is a type of encyclopedia that will compare and contrast the English language to Turkish and includes English-to-Turkish translations. The book will start by exploring the history of both languages. In Unit One, it will explore the concepts of phonet-ics and phonology of the American English dialect at the primary level. Unit Two will then focus on the linguistic study of syntax at the primary level. This will include learning the nine lexical categories as well as understanding what phrases and phrase structure rules are, et cetera. Unit Three will then go on to cover the grammatical notions of contractions and wh-questions. Unit Four will finish the volume by bringing up the idea of tenses. Unit Five, which begins Volume Two, will consist of nearly everything about English grammar. Unit Six will finish the volume by bringing up the linguist's concept of affixation. Unit Seven aka Volume Three, for A is for Adjective, is a compendium of useful words, phrases, and expressions organized by category (e.g. foods and sports). The goal of these books is to teach the English language, its grammar, and the sciences behind it. For some, having a supportive instructor might be needed. In the end, anyone who can comprehend the information from front to back will therefore become more aware of the language than that of the average speaking L1-native-English speaker. This is guaranteed.
Download or read book Adjectives as a Word Class with Nominal and Verbal Features written by Xhafer Beqiraj and published by . This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper from the year 2012 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, University of Prishtina (Albanische Sprache), course: ICRAE 2013 - Shkoder - Albania, language: English, abstract: The class of words, no matter of lexical and semantic differences they have from class to class, take and give from one another. This inteterrelationship of word classes is universal in human languages. But classes which represent a closer relation regarding lexical and semantic aspect with each other are nouns, verbs and adjectives. If we consider the semantic side of fhe words of these three classes in different languages, we shall observe that they are similar to each other. This semantic and lexical similarity of these classes derives from word formation themes which they are formed from. According to Dixon and Aikenvald, this interrelationship of word classes, differs from one language to another; in some languages adjectives are formed from nominal word formation themes (adjectives as nouns not as verbs); in some languages adjectives are formed mainly from verbs (according to them, adjectives in these languages are as verbs but not as nouns); in some other languages adjectives are formed from nominal and verbal word formation themes (according to them, adjectives in these languages are as verbs and as nouns) for example: Albanian, German. English etc. and eventually in some languages "their adjectives come out not as verbs and not as nouns," which means that these languages are not familiar with the derivation of adjectives from nouns and verbs. [...]
Download or read book Adjective Adverb Interfaces in Romance written by Martin Hummel and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the current discussion on grammatical interfaces, the word-classes of adjective and adverb are of particular interest because they appear to be separated or joined in manifold ways at the level of word-class or syntax, with morphology playing a prominent role, especially in Romance. The volume provides typological and theoretical insights into the common or different usage of adjectives and adverbs in Romance. Diachronic change is discussed alongside with synchronic variation and the representation in grammar. The discussion turns out to be controversial, calling into question traditional assumptions such as the dogma of the invariability and the categorial status of the adverb.
Download or read book The Meaning of Syntax written by D. Connor Ferris and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1993 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended for students at both postgraduate and undergraduate level this series aims to provide a broad view of the subject difficult to obtain exclusively from academic journals and monographs. Coverage of this series will be extended to all main aspects of linguistic study, and will include work on major language families, on English and on other important languages.
Download or read book English Adjectives of Comparison written by Tine Breban and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2010 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics in English Linguistics Bernd Kortmann, University of Freiburg Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Stanford University The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics. English Adjectives Of Comparison Tine Breban, K.U. Leuven The book is concerned with a largely unrecognized grammaticalization process: deictification, or the development from quality-attributing to deictically used adjectives in the English noun phrase. On the basis of the synchronic and diachronic corpus-study of six English adjectives of comparison, deictification is shown to involve unstudied variants of subjectification and decategorialization.
Download or read book The Syntax of Adjectives written by Guglielmo Cinque and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new analysis of adjectives, supported by comparative evidence. In The Syntax of Adjectives, Guglielmo Cinque offers cross-linguistic evidence that adjectives have two sources. Arguing against the standard view, and reconsidering his own earlier analysis, Cinque proposes that adjectives enter the nominal phase either as “adverbial” modifiers to the noun or as predicates of reduced relative clauses. Some of his evidence comes from a systematic comparison between Romance and Germanic languages. These two language families differ with respect to the canonical position taken by adjectives, which is prenominal in Germanic and both pre- and postnominal in Romance. Cinque shows that a simple N(oun)-raising analysis encounters a number of problems, the primary one of which is its inability to express a fundamental generalization governing the interpretation of pre- and postnominal adjectives in the two language families. Cinque argues that N-raising as such should be abandoned in favor of XP-raising—a conclusion also supported by evidence from other language families. After developing this framework for analyzing the syntax of adjectives, Cinque applies it to the syntax of English and Italian adjectives. An appendix offers a brief discussion of other languages that appear to distinguish overtly between the two sources of adjectives.
Download or read book A transformational grammar of Russian adjectives written by Leonard Harvey Babby and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-02-14 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Where Have All the Adjectives Gone written by Robert M. W. Dixon and published by Janua Linguarum. Series Maior. This book was released on 1982 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Where have All the Adjectives Gone?".
Download or read book Austin and Alex Learn about Adjectives written by Darice Bailer and published by Norwood House Press. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Austin and Alex have adjective homework. On a weekend camping trip, they practice using their best adjectives. They watch the yellow flames of their hot campfire and eat the yummiest s’mores. But what happens when the stinkiest skunk stops by their campsite? Concepts covered include: basic definition and usage of adjectives; comma use; comparative adjectives; placement in the sentence; predicate adjectives; and superlative adjectives. Writing activity in the back reinforces text concepts. Glossary and additional resources.
Download or read book Infotech Teacher s Book written by Santiago Remacha Esteras and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-10 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, Infotech is a comprehensive course in the English of computing, used and trusted by students and teachers all over the world.
Download or read book Cognitive Contact Linguistics written by Eline Zenner and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume serves to illustrate the promising insights to be gained when cross-fertilizing Cognitive Linguistics and contact linguistics, which each hold crucial ingredients to an encompassing study of contact-induced variation and change. Combining the study of the individual mind with the study of shared context, bridging research on experience and perspective with research on variation and change, and tackling the methodological complexities that this empirical approach to mental categorization entails, help us determine how the meaningful units that make up language are categorized and structured in the bi- and multilingual mind and, by extension, in any human mind. Together, the ten papers in this volume reveal the complexities of the interaction between usage, meaning and mind in contact-induced variation and change, which we hope will inspire future research exploring the possibilities of the cross-fertilization we have labeled Cognitive Contact Linguistics.
Download or read book Postmodifying Attributive Adjectives in English written by Lars M. Blöhdorn and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2009 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates three different postmodifying adjective constructions in the English language. While English adjectives generally precede the entities they modify, they may also occur in postmodifying position. This study assumes that the different postmodifying constructions are a positional variation of attributive premodification. The support for this claim is derived from a detailed analysis of the general syntax and semantics of adjectives as well as a cross-check of previous theories with a wide range of actual language examples taken from computerized corpora. An approach from the Prague School 'Functional Sentence Perspective' enables this study to accomplish an integrated view of adjectival postmodification.
