Download or read book Adaptive Target Tracking of Underwater Manoeuvering Targets Using Passive Measurements U written by Richard L. Moose and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptive Target Tracking of Underwater Maneuvering Targets Using Passive Measurements written by Richard L. Moose and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the problem of adaptively tracking a maneuvering target in two dimensional space using passive time delay measurements. The target is free to maneuver in velocity and to make depth changes at times unknown to the observer. Tracking is accomplished by using the basic polar model of target and observer motion previously developed, and included in this report for the convenience of the reader. However, the important distinction is that now a nonlinear prefilter has been added to the tracking system. This leads to two major benefits: the first, is that the need for extended Kalman filters is completely eliminated which gives the tracking system a much a larger degree of robustness than it previously had. The second benefit is a decoupling of the depth estimator from the polar range estimator, which considerably reduces the computational level of the adaptive tracking system. (Author).
Download or read book Adaptive Target Tracking for Underwater Maneuvering Targets written by Richard L. Moose and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the problem of adaptively tracking a maneuvering submarine in two dimensional space utilizing passive time delay and Doppler frequency measurements of unknown or randomly varying center frequencies. The target is free to maneuver in velocity and depth with tracking being done in the vertical plane. It is pointed out how to incorporate bearing measurements into the present polar model to achieve a three dimensional target tracking capability. (Author).
Download or read book An Adaptive Passive Underwater Tracking and Target Localization System written by R. A. Abate and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A target localization system utilizes a passive sonar tracking device to measure target relative bearing which is required for fire control. The parameters of the system depend on the ratio of power radiated from the target to noise power from other sources. Since this signal-to-noise ratio varies with time, the tracking system is describable by a linear differential equation with time-varying coefficients. The bearing data supplied to fire control is inherently contaminated with noise due to the method of processing raw data from the hydrophone array and due to transients which occur as signal-to-noise ratio changes. It is shown that improved fire control solutions result if each bearing is weighted by the inverse of the variance. A technique for computation of the variance of the bearings is developed. Implementation of the technique requires continuous measurement of the parameters of the tracking device. A computer for performing this measurement is discussed. Results of simulation studies are presented fr an adaptive target localization system which weights the bearing data as a function of computed variance. (Author).
Download or read book Passive Underwater Target Tracking Using Bearings only Measurements written by Sanagapallea Koteswara Rao and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, passive target tracking using bearings-only measurements is studied for several underwater applications. For submarine (ownship) to submarine (target) application, Pseudo Linear Estimator and its variants are developed for various situations. The algorithm is extended to Electronic Surveillance Measures in Electronic Warfare / Intercept sonar target tracking application, where the measurements are highly aperiodic. In underwater, prior information of the target motion parameters will not be available. Therefore, Pseudo Linear Estimator is developed in such a way to work without initialization of target state vector. As this does not require statistical characteristics of noise, this can be safely used as a back up algorithm, along with any variant of Kalman filter.
Download or read book Adaptive Approaches to Manoeuvering Target Tracking written by Murat Efe and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Adaptive Estimator for Passive Range and Depth Determination of a Maneuvering Target written by Richard L. Moose and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report describes an adaptive state estimator that can significantly improve the passive range and depth determination of a randomly maneuvering target. The target in this study is a submarine, which, while being tracked, performs large-magnitude depth changes at times unknown to the tracking submarine. Present passive tracking techniques usually utilize a Kalman filter to process the azimuth and/or elevation observations. A Kalman filter will theoretically give the 'best' estimates of target range, depth, and velocity when the system and measurement errors can be modeled as Gaussian processes. The main difficulty in using a Kalman filter in passive tracking applications is that large bias errors invariably develop as the target makes large alterations in velocity or depth. A technique for including a feedback-type learning processor in conjunction with the Kalman filter has been found to greatly reduce bias errors produced by the maneuvering target. (Author).
Download or read book Acoustic Underwater Target Tracking Methods Using Autonomous Vehicles written by Ivan Masmitjà i Rusinyol and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine ecological research related to the increasing importance which the fisheries sector has reached so far, new methods and tools to study the biological components of our oceans are needed. The capacity to measure different population and environmental parameters of marine species allows a greater knowledge of the human impact, improving exploitation strategies of these resources. For example, the displacement capacity and mobility patterns are crucial to obtain the required knowledge for a sustainable management of fisheries.However, underwater localisation is one of the main problems which must be addressed in subsea exploration, where no Global Positioning System (GPS) is available. In addition to the traditional underwater localisation systems, such as Long BaseLine (LBL) or Ultra-Short BaseLine (USBL), new methods have been developed to increase navigation performance, flexibility, and to reduce deployment costs. For example, the Range-Only and Single-Beacon (ROSB) is based on an autonomous vehicle which localises and tracks different underwater targets using slant range measurements conducted by acoustic modems. In a moving target tracking scenario, the ROSB target tracking method can be seen as a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) problem. Using Bayes' rule, the probability distribution function of the HMM states can be solved by using different filtering methods. Accordingly, this thesis presents different strategies to improve the ROSB localisation and tracking methods for static and moving targets. Determining the optimal parameters to minimize acoustic energy use and search time, and to maximize the localisation accuracy and precision, is therefore one of the discussed aspects of ROSB. Thus, we present and compare different methods under different scenarios, both evaluated in simulations and field tests. The main mathematical notation and performance of each algorithm are presented, where the best practice has been derived. From a methodology point of view, this work advances the understanding of accuracy that can be achieved by using ROSB target tracking methods with autonomous vehicles.Moreover, whereas most of the work conducted during the last years has been focused on target tracking using acoustic modems, here we also present a novel method called the Area-Only Target Tracking (AOTT). This method works with commercially available acoustic tags, thereby reducing the costs and complexity over other tracking systems. These tags do not have bidirectional communication capabilities, and therefore, the ROSB techniques are not applicable. However, this method can be used to track small targets such as jellyfish due to the reduced tag's size. The methodology behind the area-only technique is shown, and results from the first field tests conducted in Monterey Bay area, California, are also presented.
Download or read book Tracking of Maneuvering Targets written by Hongren Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptive Estimation Techniques for Tracking Airborne and Underwater Maneuvering Targets written by Denis Hugh McCabe and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underwater Target Tracking Using Measurements from a Linear Array of Omnidirectional Acoustic Elements written by NAVAL UNDERWATER SYSTEMS CENTER NEWPORT RI. and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracking of underwater targets using measurements from a geometrically linear array of omnidirectional acoustic elements is a nonlinear estimation problem. The technique constructed and used in this report is an iterative, least-squares algorithm which uses the modified Gauss-Newton method. In this algorithm the search direction is found by applying a Householder transformation to the Gauss-Newton equations; the size of the step in this direction is found by minimizing a polynomial approximation to the performance index. The results show: the sign on the estimate of the target's depth cannot be uniquely determined, the Gauss-Newton method works as well as its modified version for these experiments, the problem is singular on the first leg, and the initialization of the algorithm influences convergence. (Author).
Download or read book Target Tracking in Multipath and Glint Environments and Adaptive Radar Scheduling written by Ehsan Daeipour and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating the Motion of a Maneuvering Targets Using Passive Measurements written by B. D. Tapley and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of estimating the trajectory of a maneuvering target using passive measurements obtained from an array of stationary sensors is investigated. The formulation is considered in a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The unknown acceleration components are modelled as Brownian motion processes and consequently the dynamic model is linear. The types of measurements used in the estimation process are the frequency and the bearing angle of some are nonlinear functions of the state vector which consists of a reference frequency and the components of position, velocity and acceleration. Computation algorithms for Extended Kalman Filter and 'batch-sequential' filter are presented. Equations for including the effects of process noise on the batch solution are derived and the computation algorithm is also given. The performance of these filters is compared using noisy measurements simulated for two different scenarios with typical target maneuvers and sensor locations. Extended Kalman Filter is found to be the best in terms of computation time and accuracy of the estimated trajectory. Sensors located as far apart as feasible yield better results than those which are closer to each other. (Author).
Download or read book Target Tracking with Random Finite Sets written by Weihua Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-02 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on target tracking and information fusion with random finite sets. Both principles and implementations have been addressed, with more weight placed on engineering implementations. This is achieved by providing in-depth study on a number of major topics such as the probability hypothesis density (PHD), cardinalized PHD, multi-Bernoulli (MB), labeled MB (LMB), d-generalized LMB (d-GLMB), marginalized d-GLMB, together with their Gaussian mixture and sequential Monte Carlo implementations. Five extended applications are covered, which are maneuvering target tracking, target tracking for Doppler radars, track-before-detect for dim targets, target tracking with non-standard measurements, and target tracking with multiple distributed sensors. The comprehensive and systematic summarization in target tracking with RFSs is one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested to learn solutions in target tracking with RFSs. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of random finite sets, target tracking, sensor fusion/data fusion/information fusion, etc.
Download or read book Passive Target Tracking Using Nonlinear Estimation Theory written by Marcilio Boavista Da Cunha and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of tracking submarine targets with passive sonobuoys is mathematically modelled. A comprehensive study is made of all the information available in the acoustic signals picked up by the sonobuoys and of the usefulness of this information in the estimation process. The presence of nonlinearities in the tracking model leads to the application of nonlinear estimation theory. Bayes formulation concepts are applied to generate approximate solutions and filtering algorithms, and the well known extended Kalman filter equations and higher order filtering algorithms are obtained from this approach. The concept of partitioning the measurements is presented and shown to bring advantages in computing efficiency and also, for nonlinear measurements, in tracking accuracy. A graphical interpretation of the action of Kalman filters is developed and provides insight into the importance of each variable in the filtering process. Extensive simulations, designed to test the performance of the algorithms developed, are presented in graphical form and analyzed. (Author).
Download or read book Passive Multipath Target Tracking in an Inhomogeneous Acoustic Medium written by Amnon Shefi and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracking a maneuvering acoustic source using multipath (MP) arrivals in an inhomogeneous (IH) ocean medium is investigated. Errors introduced by a horizontally stratified sound speed profile are quantitatively evaluated. A new method of converting MP time difference of arrivals to depth and range which accounts for the IH effect is developed and evaluated. A 3-D target tracker previously used in MP tracking is modified in order to remove estimation biases and improve computational efficiency. Tracking performance is demonstrated using extensive simulation and shown to be greatly improved. Keywords: Three dimensional; Prefilters; Underwater; Maneuvering targets.
