Download or read book Adaptive Kalman Filtering Methods for Low cost GPS INS Localization for Autonomous Vehicles written by Adam Werries and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For autonomous vehicles, navigation systems must be accurate enough to provide lane-level localization. High-accuracy sensors are available but not cost-effective for production use. Although prone to significant error in poor circumstances, even low-cost GPS systems are able to correct Inertial Navigation Systems to limit the effects of dead reckoning error over short periods between sufficiently accurate GPS updates. Kalman filters are a standard approach for GPS/INS integration, but require careful tuning in order to achieve quality results. This creates a motivation for a Kalman filter which is able to adapt to different sensors and circumstances on its own. Typically for adaptive filters, either the process (Q) or measurement (R) noise covariance matrix of Kalman filters is adapted, and the other is fixed to values estimated a priori. We show that intelligently adapting both matrices in an intelligent manner can provide a more accurate navigation solution.
Download or read book Robust Vehicle Localization Using GPS In vehicle Camera Magnetic Guidance and Kalman Filtering written by Anthony J. Mangus and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invariant Kalman Filtering written by Axel Barrau and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kalman filter--or, more precisely, the extended Kalman filter (EKF)--is a fundamental engineering tool that is pervasively used in control and robotics and for various estimation tasks in autonomous systems. The recently developed field of invariant extended Kalman filtering uses the geometric structure of the state space and the dynamics to improve the EKF, notably in terms of mathematical guarantees. The methodology essentially applies in the fields of localization, navigation, and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Although it was created only recently, its remarkable robustness properties have already motivated a real industrial implementation in the aerospace field. This review aims to provide an accessible introduction to the methodology of invariant Kalman filtering and to allow readers to gain insight into the relevance of the method as well as its important differences with the conventional EKF. This should be of interest to readers intrigued by the practical application of mathematical theories and those interested in finding robust, simple-to-implement filters for localization, navigation, and SLAM, notably for autonomous vehicle guidance.
Download or read book Kalman Filtering and Its Application in GPS INS Integration written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Positioning Systems Inertial Navigation and Integration written by Mohinder S. Grewal and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2001 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only comprehensive guide to Kalman filtering and its applications to real-world GPS/INS problems Written by recognized authorities in the field, this book provides engineers, computer scientists, and others with a working familiarity with the theory and contemporary applications of Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Inertial Navigational Systems, and Kalman filters. Throughout, the focus is on solving real-world problems, with an emphasis on the effective use of state-of-the-art integration techniques for those systems, especially the application of Kalman filtering. To that end, the authors explore the various subtleties, common failures, and inherent limitations of the theory as it applies to real-world situations, and provide numerous detailed application examples and practice problems, including GPS-aided INS, modeling of gyros and accelerometers, and WAAS and LAAS. Drawing upon their many years of experience with GPS, INS, and the Kalman filter, the authors present numerous design and implementation techniques not found in other professional references, including original techniques for: * Representing the problem in a mathematical model * Analyzing the performance of the GPS sensor as a function of model parameters * Implementing the mechanization equations in numerically stable algorithms * Assessing computation requirements * Testing the validity of results * Monitoring GPS, INS, and Kalman filter performance in operation In order to enhance comprehension of the subjects covered, the authors have included software in MATLAB, demonstrating the workings of the GPS, INS, and filter algorithms. In addition to showing the Kalman filter in action, the software also demonstrates various practical aspects of finite word length arithmetic and the need for alternative algorithms to preserve result accuracy. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department.
Download or read book Kalman Filter written by Víctor M. Moreno and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to provide an overview of recent developments in Kalman filter theory and their applications in engineering and scientific fields. The book is divided into 24 chapters and organized in five blocks corresponding to recent advances in Kalman filtering theory, applications in medical and biological sciences, tracking and positioning systems, electrical engineering and, finally, industrial processes and communication networks.
Download or read book Adaptive and Nonlinear Kalman Filtering for GPS Navigation Processing written by Dah-Jing Jwo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The divergence problem due to modelling errors is critical in Kalman filter applications. The conventional extended Kalman filter does not present the capability to monitor the change of parameters due to changes in vehicle dynamics. In this chapter, three feasible ways to avoid the divergence problem and to further improve the GPS navigation accuracy are discussed: (1) adaptive approaches assisted by heuristic search techniques to fit the dynamic model process of interest as precisely as possible; (2) utilization of an appropriate nonlinear estimation approach after deriving a better nonlinear dynamic process model; and (3) interactive multiple model approach accounting for different manoeuvring conditions. In Example 1, the FLAS is incorporated into the traditional strong tracking Kalman filter (STKF) approach for determining the softening factors, resulting in the adaptive fuzzy strong tracking Kalman filter (AFSTKF). Through the use of fuzzy logic, the FLAS has been employed as a mechanism for timely detecting the dynamical changes and implementing the on-line tuning of filter parameters by monitoring the innovation information so as to maintain good tracking capability. By use of the FLAS, lower order of filter model can be utilized and, therefore, less computational effort will be sufficient without compromising estimation accuracy significantly.
Download or read book Kalman Filtering and Information Fusion written by Hongbin Ma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a key technology for digital information processing: Kalman filtering, which is generally considered to be one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century. It introduces readers to issues concerning various uncertainties in a single plant, and to corresponding solutions based on adaptive estimation. Further, it discusses in detail the issues that arise when Kalman filtering technology is applied in multi-sensor systems and/or multi-agent systems, especially when various sensors are used in systems like intelligent robots, autonomous cars, smart homes, smart buildings, etc., requiring multi-sensor information fusion techniques. Furthermore, when multiple agents (subsystems) interact with one another, it produces coupling uncertainties, a challenging issue that is addressed here with the aid of novel decentralized adaptive filtering techniques.Overall, the book’s goal is to provide readers with a comprehensive investigation into the challenging problem of making Kalman filtering work well in the presence of various uncertainties and/or for multiple sensors/components. State-of-art techniques are introduced, together with a wealth of novel findings. As such, it can be a good reference book for researchers whose work involves filtering and applications; yet it can also serve as a postgraduate textbook for students in mathematics, engineering, automation, and related fields.To read this book, only a basic grasp of linear algebra and probability theory is needed, though experience with least squares, navigation, robotics, etc. would definitely be a plus.
Download or read book Adaptive Kalman Filter for GNSS INS Integration Based on PIXHAWK for UAV Applications written by Guohao Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of an Adaptive Kalman Filter for the Estimation of Position Velocity and Acceleration of a Moving Body from GPS Measurements written by Luca Bagnaschi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Autonomous Road Vehicles Localization Using Satellites Lane Markings and Vision written by Zui Tao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimating the pose (position and attitude) in real-time is a key function for road autonomous vehicles. This thesis aims at studying vehicle localization performance using low cost automotive sensors. Three kinds of sensors are considered : dead reckoning (DR) sensors that already exist in modern vehicles, mono-frequency GNSS (Global navigation satellite system) receivers with patch antennas and a frontlooking lane detection camera. Highly accurate maps enhanced with road features are also key components for autonomous vehicle navigation. In this work, a lane marking map with decimeter-level accuracy is considered. The localization problem is studied in a local East-North-Up (ENU) working frame. Indeed, the localization outputs are used in real-time as inputs to a path planner and a motion generator to make a valet vehicle able to drive autonomously at low speed with nobody on-board the car. The use of a lane detection camera makes possible to exploit lane marking information stored in the georeferenced map. A lane marking detection module detects the vehicle's host lane and provides the lateral distance between the detected lane marking and the vehicle. The camera is also able to identify the type of the detected lane markings (e.g., solid or dashed). Since the camera gives relative measurements, the important step is to link the measures with the vehicle's state. A refined camera observation model is proposed. It expresses the camera metric measurements as a function of the vehicle's state vector and the parameters of the detected lane markings. However, the use of a camera alone has some limitations. For example, lane markings can be missing in some parts of the navigation area and the camera sometimes fails to detect the lane markings in particular at cross-roads. GNSS, which is mandatory for cold start initialization, can be used also continuously in the multi-sensor localization system as done often when GNSS compensates for the DR drift. GNSS positioning errors can't be modeled as white noises in particular with low cost mono-frequency receivers working in a standalone way, due to the unknown delays when the satellites signals cross the atmosphere and real-time satellites orbits errors. GNSS can also be affected by strong biases which are mainly due to multipath effect. This thesis studies GNSS biases shaping models that are used in the localization solver by augmenting the state vector. An abrupt bias due to multipath is seen as an outlier that has to be rejected by the filter. Depending on the information flows between the GNSS receiver and the other components of the localization system, data-fusion architectures are commonly referred to as loosely coupled (GNSS fixes and velocities) and tightly coupled (raw pseudoranges and Dopplers for the satellites in view). This thesis investigates both approaches. In particular, a road-invariant approach is proposed to handle a refined modeling of the GNSS error in the loosely coupled approach since the camera can only improve the localization performance in the lateral direction of the road. Finally, this research discusses some map-matching issues for instance when the uncertainty domain of the vehicle state becomes large if the camera is blind. It is challenging in this case to distinguish between different lanes when the camera retrieves lane marking measurements.As many outdoor experiments have been carried out with equipped vehicles, every problem addressed in this thesis is evaluated with real data. The different studied approaches that perform the data fusion of DR, GNSS, camera and lane marking map are compared and several conclusions are drawn on the fusion architecture choice.
Download or read book Sensor Fusion and its Applications written by Ciza Thomas and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-08-16 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to explore the latest practices and research works in the area of sensor fusion. The book intends to provide a collection of novel ideas, theories, and solutions related to the research areas in the field of sensor fusion. This book is a unique, comprehensive, and up-to-date resource for sensor fusion systems designers. This book is appropriate for use as an upper division undergraduate or graduate level text book. It should also be of interest to researchers, who need to process and interpret the sensor data in most scientific and engineering fields. The initial chapters in this book provide a general overview of sensor fusion. The later chapters focus mostly on the applications of sensor fusion. Much of this work has been published in refereed journals and conference proceedings and these papers have been modified and edited for content and style. With contributions from the world's leading fusion researchers and academicians, this book has 22 chapters covering the fundamental theory and cutting-edge developments that are driving this field.
Download or read book Self Localization of Autonomous Vehicles Using Landmark Object Detection written by Juan Carlo Rebanal and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully autonomous vehicles are rapidly approaching realization and concerns regarding their safety and robustness are a prominent obstacle to their integration into society. A bottleneck of an autonomous vehicle's safety is its ability to self-localize under all types of conditions. Self-localization is critical for the vehicle to route to a destination, for the vehicle itself to be tracked in case of theft, and in determining local traffic laws to operate harmoniously with other traffic and pedestrians. The global positioning system (GPS) is utilized by autonomous vehicles for self-localization, but the availability and reliability of GPS is not guaranteed in all situations, such as when GPS reception is weak or when an adversary is spoofing information. We address this problem by proposing a self-localization method for autonomous vehicles that does not require GPS at localization time. The framework herein describes the representation of a road network as a graph using the data made available by OpenStreetMap, and an encoding of street segments based on detected landmark objects. We derive the current state observer transition function from the resulting graph, and employ localization methods based on set distance and minimum cost paths to determine the most probable location of the vehicle given a sequence of observed landmarks. Through simulating vehicle traveling paths along a road network generated from real data of a region of Washington D.C., we evaluate the performance of our method for varying degrees of landmark observation error and analyze the algorithm's time and memory complexity, demonstrating that the approach provides a feasible solution to the problem.
Download or read book Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering with Matlab Exercises 4th Edition written by Robert Brown and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Edition to the Introduction of Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering is updated to cover innovations in the Kalman filter algorithm and the proliferation of Kalman filtering applications from the past decade. The text updates both the research advances in variations on the Kalman filter algorithm and adds a wide range of new application examples. Several chapters include a significant amount of new material on applications such as simultaneous localization and mapping for autonomous vehicles, inertial navigation systems and global satellite navigation systems.
Download or read book Advances in Aerospace Guidance Navigation and Control written by Bogusław Dołęga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first three CEAS (Counsil of European Aerospace Societies) Specialist Conferences on Guidance, Navigation and Control (CEAS EuroGNC) were held in Munich, Germany in 2011, in Delft, Netherlands in 2013 and in Toulouse, France in 2017. The Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) and the Rzeszow University of Technology (RzUT) accepted the challenge of jointly organizing the 4th edition. The conference aims to promote scientific and technical excellence in the fields of Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) in aerospace and other fields of technology. The Conference joins together the industry with the academia research. This book covers four main topics: Guidance and Control, Control Theory Application, Navigation, UAV Control and Dynamic. The papers included focus on the most advanced and actual topics in guidance, navigation and control research areas: · Control theory, analysis, and design · ; Novel navigation, estimation, and tracking methods · Aircraft, spacecraft, missile and UAV guidance, navigation, and control · Flight testing and experimental results · Intelligent control in aerospace applications · Aerospace robotics and unmanned/autonomous systems · Sensor systems for guidance, navigation and control · Guidance, navigation, and control concepts in air traffic control systems For the 4th CEAS Specialist Conference on Guidance, Navigation and Control the International Technical Committee established a formal review process. Each paper was reviewed in compliance with good journal practices by independent and anonymous reviewers. At the end of the review process papers were selected for publication in this book.
Download or read book Cooperative Localization and Navigation written by Chao Gao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-21 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book captures the latest results and techniques for cooperative localization and navigation drawn from a broad array of disciplines. It provides the reader with a generic and comprehensive view of modeling, strategies, and state estimation methodologies in that fields. It discusses the most recent research and novel advances in that direction, exploring the design of algorithms and architectures, benefits, and challenging aspects, as well as a potential broad array of disciplines, including wireless communication, indoor localization, robotics, emergency rescue, motion analysis, etc.
Download or read book GNSS Applications and Methods written by Demoz Gebre-Egziabher and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2009 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few years, the growth of GNSS applications has been staggering. And, this trend promises to continue in the foreseeable future. Placing emphasis on applications development, this unique resource offers a highly practical overview of GNSS (global navigation satellite systems), including GPS. The applications presented in the book range from the traditional location applications to combining GNSS with other sensors and systems and into more exotic areas, such as remote sensing and space weather monitoring. Written by leading experts in the field, this book presents the fundamental underpinnings of GNSS and provides you with detailed examples of various GNSS applications. Moreover, the software included with the book contains valuable processing tools and real GPS data sets to help you rapidly advance your own work in the field. You will find critical information and tools that help give you a head start to embark on future research and development projects. DVD Included! Contains valuable processing tools and data sets to complement many of the applications presented in the book. The software allows you to apply the details presented in the book and expand and enhance the provided code examples to suit your individual applications.
