Download or read book Acute Physiological Responses During High Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Exercise Training written by Michelle M. Harbin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between improvements in aerobic and anaerobic power with various acute physiological responses, including blood lactate accumulation (HLa), percent heart rate reserve (%HRR), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), session RPE (sRPE), and the training impulse (TRIMP) during high intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate intensity interval training and continuous training. Fifty-five subjects aged 18 to 29 completed a pre and post VO2max and Wingate test on the cycle ergometer. Subjects completed 24 sessions of either a steady-state exercise control at 90% of the power output (PO) at the ventilatory threshold (VT), a Meyer interval protocol with 30:60 seconds exercise-to-rest ratio at 100% of peak power output (PPO), or a Tabata interval protocol with 20:10 seconds exercise-to-rest ratio at 170% of VO2max.

Download or read book Science and Application of High Intensity Interval Training written by Laursen, Paul and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2019 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), which consists primarily of repeated bursts of high-intensity exercise, continues to soar because its effectiveness and efficiency have been proven in use by both elite athletes and general fitness enthusiasts. Surprisingly, few resources have attempted to explain both the science behind the HIIT movement and its sport-specific application to athlete training. That’s why Science and Application of High-Intensity Interval Training is a must-have resource for sport coaches, strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, and exercise physiologists, as well as for researchers and sport scientists who study high-intensity interval training.

Download or read book Perceived Exertion Laboratory Manual written by Luke Haile and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​ ​This manual provides laboratory-based learning experiences in perceptually and psychosocially linked exercise assessment, prescription, and programming. The primary pedagogic outcome is the ability to use applied theory and practice in perceptual and psychosocial exercise assessment and program design to promote the adoption and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle, enhancing overall health fitness. Perceptual and psychosocial variables are presented in individual, stand-alone laboratory modules that can supplement existing curricula such as exercise and sport psychology, exercise physiology, exercise testing and prescription, and exercise training and conditioning. In addition, the complete modular set has a conceptual flow that allows its presentation as an entire, laboratory-based course. The laboratory modules are divided into three primary units: assessment (theoretical constructs, scales and procedures, tests), prescription (self-regulation, performance), and program evaluation. The manual uses a unique format in which case studies are embedded in the conceptual flow of each lab module facilitating translation of laboratory results to real-world application. The manual concludes with a discussion of perceptually and psychosocially linked exercise prescription and programming applications in public health, such as program monitoring and adherence.

Download or read book The Acute Effects of Various High intensity Interval Training HIIT Protocols on Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Function written by James Warren Salassi (III.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This study compared the acute cardiopulmonary and metabolic effects of four high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols using varying intensities during the work and recovery periods. Eleven participants (5 males, 6 females) performed four, 20-minute HIIT protocols at a 1:1 "work:recovery" ratio on a cycle ergometer in random order. The work:recovery relative intensities, based upon previously determined maximum work rates, were: 80%:0%, 80%:50%, 100%:0%, and 100%:50%. Oxygen uptake, heart rate, blood lactate, and rating of perceived exertion were measured. Data were analyzed using a two-way, repeated measures ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). Oxygen uptake and heart rate were expressed as a percentage of the peak values established during a prior graded exercise test. There were clear differences in physiological response between protocols. The 80:50 and 100:0 may produce the best combination of effects. The 100:50 produced the greatest physiological response, however, it may not be practical for the general population.

Download or read book Physiological Response to Cycling at Different Pedal Rates During High Intensity Interval Training written by Bryan C. Lund and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This study compared the physiological responses to an acute bout of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) done at different pedal rates. 9 participants performed 3, 20-minute HIIT protocols consisting of a 1:1 "work:recovery" ratio on a cycle ergometer at intensities equivalent to 80% and 50% (respectively) of their PPO found from a graded exercise test. Participants' freely chosen cadence were found then a high cadence (HC) and low cadence (LC) were then calculated to be 25% above and below that. During each HIIT session oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (V ́ E), blood lactate (bLa), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. Averages, mean peak values, and mean nadir values were calculated then analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA (p ≤0.05). HR, VO2, and V ́E were expressed as a percentage of the peak values obtained during the GXT. Results indicate a significant effect from cadence on all measures, but post hoc revealed varying results for the pairwise comparisons.

Download or read book High Intensity Exercise in Hypoxia Beneficial Aspects and Potential Drawbacks written by Olivier Girard and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, ‘traditional’ moderate-intensity continuous training (60-75% peak heart rate) was the type of physical activity most frequently recommended for both athletes and clinical populations (cf. American College of Sports Medicine guidelines). However, growing evidence indicates that high-intensity interval training (80-100% peak heart rate) could actually be associated with larger cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic function benefits and, thereby, physical performance gains for athletes. Similarly, recent data in obese and hypertensive individuals indicate that various mechanisms – further improvement in endothelial function, reductions in sympathetic neural activity, or in arterial stiffness – might be involved in the larger cardiovascular protective effects associated with training at high exercise intensities. Concerning hypoxic training, similar trends have been observed from ‘traditional’ prolonged altitude sojourns (‘Live High Train High’ or ‘Live High Train Low’), which result in increased hemoglobin mass and blood carrying capacity. Recent innovative ‘Live Low Train High’ methods (‘Resistance Training in Hypoxia’ or ‘Repeated Sprint Training in Hypoxia’) have resulted in peripheral adaptations, such as hypertrophy or delay in muscle fatigue. Other interventions inducing peripheral hypoxia, such as vascular occlusion during endurance/resistance training or remote ischemic preconditioning (i.e. succession of ischemia/reperfusion episodes), have been proposed as methods for improving subsequent exercise performance or altitude tolerance (e.g. reduced severity of acute-mountain sickness symptoms). Postulated mechanisms behind these metabolic, neuro-humoral, hemodynamics, and systemic adaptations include stimulation of nitric oxide synthase, increase in anti-oxidant enzymes, and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, although the amount of evidence is not yet significant enough. Improved O2 delivery/utilization conferred by hypoxic training interventions might also be effective in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, as well as contributing to improve exercise tolerance and health status of patients. For example, in obese subjects, combining exercise with hypoxic exposure enhances the negative energy balance, which further reduces weight and improves cardio-metabolic health. In hypertensive patients, the larger lowering of blood pressure through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and the associated compensatory vasodilation is taken to reflect the superiority of exercising in hypoxia compared to normoxia. A hypoxic stimulus, in addition to exercise at high vs. moderate intensity, has the potential to further ameliorate various aspects of the vascular function, as observed in healthy populations. This may have clinical implications for the reduction of cardiovascular risks. Key open questions are therefore of interest for patients suffering from chronic vascular or cellular hypoxia (e.g. work-rest or ischemia/reperfusion intermittent pattern; exercise intensity; hypoxic severity and exposure duration; type of hypoxia (normobaric vs. hypobaric); health risks; magnitude and maintenance of the benefits). Outside any potential beneficial effects of exercising in O2-deprived environments, there may also be long-term adverse consequences of chronic intermittent severe hypoxia. Sleep apnea syndrome, for instance, leads to oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen species, and ultimately systemic inflammation. Postulated pathophysiological changes associated with intermittent hypoxic exposure include alteration in baroreflex activity, increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and hematocrit, changes in heart structure and function, and an alteration in endothelial-dependent vasodilation in cerebral and muscular arteries. There is a need to explore the combination of exercising in hypoxia and association of hypertension, developmental defects, neuro-pathological and neuro-cognitive deficits, enhanced susceptibility to oxidative injury, and possibly increased myocardial and cerebral infarction in individuals sensitive to hypoxic stress. The aim of this Research Topic is to shed more light on the transcriptional, vascular, hemodynamics, neuro-humoral, and systemic consequences of training at high intensities under various hypoxic conditions.

Download or read book Physiological Responses to Changes in Exercise written by Anton J. Volovsek and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acute Physiological Responses to Intense Aerobic Exercise Training written by Mary K. Cresanta and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acute Physiological Symptomatic and Affective Responses to Exercise Training and Relationship with Exercise Adherence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease written by Amanda Katy Rizk and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study Objectives: i) To describe and compare, in COPD patients, the acute physiological, symptomatic, and affective responses to continuous training at a high intensity (CTHI), continuous training at the ventilatory threshold (CTVT), and interval training (IT); ii) To examine the nature and degree of association between acute measures of intensity and adherence to a 12-week exercise-training program; iii) To investigate whether the relationship between acute responses and adherence is mediated or moderated by affect/vigor. Methods: Thirty-five COPD patients (FEV1 = 60.2 ± 15.8 % predicted) underwent baseline assessments, were randomly assigned to CTHI, CTVT, or IT, were monitored during a single exercise-training bout, and subsequently took part in a 12-week exercise-training program. Physiological, symptomatic, and affective responses were measured using a portable system, the PANAS and GVA questionnaires, and the Borg scale; respectively. Adherence was defined as the percent time spent within the target heart rate range for attended sessions. Results: In comparison to CTHI, CTVT was associated with lower levels of RER, HR, and RR, whereas IT was associated with higher levels of VE, VE/MVV, RR, and a greater drop in SpO2. Affective state generally improved from pre- to post-exercise, with increases in positive affect (F=9.74, p

Download or read book Physiological Responses to Concurrent Resistance Exercise and High intensity Interval Training written by Jamie K. Pugh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation written by Joep Perk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-18 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this textbook is to give guidance in prevention, lifestyle counselling and rehabilitation for cardiologists, other physicians and many different categories of health professionals in cardiac rehabilitation teams.

Download or read book Physiological and Psychological Responses to Six Weeks of High intensity Interval and Moderate intensity Continuous Training in Physically Inactive Young Adults written by Emily R. Dunston and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physiological Responses to Interval Training with Different Intensities and Durations of Work written by Jorge Zuniga and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.

Download or read book The Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Techniques During Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Adults written by Trent E. Cayot and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the importance of aerobic exercise in disease prevention and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle has been extensively demonstrated [1-4], it was recently reported by the American Heart Association (AHA) that approximately 30% of the adult population within the United States does not engage in regular aerobic exercise [2]. The most commonly reported reason why adults did not engage in regular exercise was due to a "lack of time" within their daily routine [5, 6]. In order to best integrate exercise into a time constrained schedule many have turned to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) due to the advantageous training outcomes reported in a relatively short duration (2-4 week) [7, 8]. In addition, the exercise volume is significantly reduced (~80-90%) during HIIT sessions compared to traditional "continuous" cardiovascular exercise sessions [8, 9] thus decreasing the time spent exercising [8]. However, the exercise intensities used during HIIT sessions ("all-out effort" [9, 10] or near maximal intensities [11, 12]) may become a deterrent or may not be appropriate for certain populations. An exercise technique known as blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise may be an acceptable alternative approach for these populations as it utilizes low exercise intensities. BFR exercise has been shown to concurrently increase muscle hypertrophy [13, 14], muscle strength [13] and peak oxygen uptake (VO2pk) [14, 15] subsequent to low-intensity (i.e., walking, cycling) cardiovascular training programs. The combination of BFR (i.e., decreased exercise intensity) and interval training (i.e., decreased exercise volume) is both intriguing and a unique alternative solution that could potentially be applicable to a variety of populations. This alternative exercise approach (i.e., BFR interval training) addresses many commonly cited barriers for exercise retention (i.e., time constrained schedules, high exercise intensities). Therefore, the primary purpose of this dissertation was to determine the results of a short duration (2 weeks) BFR low-intensity interval training (BFR-LIIT) program on aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle strength (chapter 5). However, before the primary purpose could be investigated many secondary aims needed to be examined, including i) determining the effect of occlusion duration on the microvascular oxygenation and neuromuscular activation during exercise (chapter 3) and ii) determining the acute physiological responses (oxygen uptake, microvascular oxygenation, neuromuscular activation) to BFR used in cardiovascular exercise models (constant load, chapter 4; interval, chapter 5). The effects of occlusion duration were examined as healthy subjects performed isometric knee extension contractions at different sub-maximal intensities under control (CON, no occlusion), immediate occlusion (IO) and pre occlusion (PO) conditions. During the IO condition the occlusion pressure (130% of the resting systolic blood pressure, 130% SBP) was applied immediately prior to exercise while the occlusion pressure (130% SBP) was applied five minutes prior to exercise in the PO condition. Varying the occlusion duration did not affect the neuromuscular activation of the exercising musculature (p > 0.05), although activation did significantly increase with increasing sub-maximal exercise intensities. However, PO elicited greater microvascular deoxygenation (deoxy-[Hb+Mb]), as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy) compared to CON at all exercise intensities (p 0.05), whereas the deoxy-[Hb+Mb] was only greater during PO compared to IO at the lowest exercise intensity tested (20% maximal voluntary contraction, MVC). Furthermore, IO resulted in greater deoxy-[Hb+Mb] compared to CON only at low exercise intensities (20% MVC, 40% MVC). In conclusion, although occlusion duration did significantly affect neuromuscular activation, BFR techniques influenced microvascular oxygenation the most during low-intensity exercise. Many investigations have observed an increased neuromuscular activation with BFR resistance exercise [16-19], however, the peripheral responses (i.e., neuromuscular activation, microvascular oxygenation) to BFR cardiovascular exercise (i.e., cycling) has yet to be determined. Therefore, healthy subjects performed bouts of heavy (above estimated lactate threshold, LT) constant cycling exercise with and without BFR. No difference in oxygen uptake (VO2) was observed (p > 0.05) despite a greater deoxy-[Hb+Mb] response during the beginning and end of BFR exercise compared to control (CON) exercise (p

Download or read book Exercise Cognition Interaction written by Terry McMorris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise-Cognition Interaction: Neuroscience Perspectives is the only book on the market that examines the neuroscientific correlation between exercise and cognitive functioning. The upsurge in research in recent years has confirmed that cognitive-psychology theory cannot account for the effects of exercise on cognition, and both acute and chronic exercise effect neurochemical and psychophysiological changes in the brain that, in turn, affect cognitive functioning. This book provides an overview of the research into these effects, from theoretical research through current studies that emphasize neuroscientific theories and rationales. It addition, users will find a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases, including schizophrenia, diabetes, and an array of neurological disorders. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book will be the go-to resource for neuroscientists, psychologists, medical professionals, and other researchers who need an understanding of the role exercise plays in cognitive functioning. Provides a comprehensive account of how exercise affects brain functioning, which in turn affects cognition Covers both theory and empirical research Presents a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases Examines neurochemical, psychophysiological, and genetic factors Covers acute and chronic exercise

Download or read book Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow written by Michitoshi Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.