Download or read book Activity composition Relations of Chromium Oxide in Silicate Melts written by Eugene Barend Pretorius and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Slag metal Equilibria Involving Chromium as a Component written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distribution of chromium between slag and metal depends on the thermodynamic behaviour of this component in the slags as well as in the alloys produced. The alloy phase of main interest in the present paper is Fe-Cr, with relatively small amounts (~1 to 2 per cent) of Si present as an additional component. The activities of Cr in these solutions are close to ideal. Several aspects of the behaviour of chromium in oxide and silicate systems are considered. Phase relations in selected systems of major importance in the context of the present discussion (e.g., Cr-Si-O, Ca-Cr-Si-O) will be presented, as will results of activity-composition measurements in the system Fe3O4- chromium oxide solid solutions, and in CaO-chromium oxide-SiO2 liquids. It is shown that major proportions of the chromium is present in the divalent state in these oxide and silicate melts under the reducing conditions used in the present work. The activity-composition relations in Fe3O4-chromium oxide solid solutions of spinel structure are shown to be close to ideal if it is assumed that trivalent chromium occurs in octahedral positions and divalent chromium in tetrahedral positions in the spinel structure. In the liquid silicate phase under strongly reducing conditions, the activity-composition relations of chromium oxide (largely CrO) show similarity to those of FeO. The distribution of chromium between Fe-Cr-Si alloys and slags in the systems iron oxide-chromium oxide-SiO2 and CaO-MgO-iron oxide-chromium oxide-SiO2 has been determined experimentally at about 1600 to 1700 degrees C. It is shown that low contents of iron oxide in the slag, high contents of Si and Cr in the alloys, and low temperature favour the recovery of chromium from the slag. Similarly, an increasing slag basicity effectively reduces the loss of chromium into the slag, especially at relatively low basicities.
Download or read book Structure Dynamics and Properties of Silicate Melts written by Jonathan F. Stebbins and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 32 of Reviews in Mineralogy introduces the basic concepts of melt physics and relaxation theory as applied to silicate melts, then to describe the current state of experimental and computer simulation techniques for exploring the detailed atomic structure and dynamic processes which occur at high temperature, and finally to consider the relationships between melt structure, thermodynamic properties and rheology within these liquids. These fundamental relations serve to bridge the extrapolation from often highly simplified melt compositions studied in the laboratory to the multicomponent systems found in nature. This volume focuses on the properties of simple model silicate systems, which are usually volatile-free. The behavior of natural magmas has been summarized in a previous Short Course volume (Nicholls and Russell, editors, 1990: Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 24), and the effect of volatiles on magmatic properties in yet another (Carroll and Holloway, editors, 1994: Vol. 30). The Mineralogical Society of America sponsored a short course for which this was the text at Stanford University December 9 and 10, 1995, preceding the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union and MSA in San Fransisco, with about 100 professionals and graduate students in attendance.
Download or read book Ceramics in Advanced Energy Technologies written by H. Kröckel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Colloquium on Ceramics in Advanced Energy Technology dealt with structural, mechanical, thermo-physical, chemical and electrical/electronics aspects of ceramics, as candidates materials in advanced energy conversion systems. The technical programme included the presentation of 22 invited papers. The Colloquium was concluded by a panel discussion which was preceeded by a presentation on the Ceramic Fabrication. For convenience, papers and discussions are arranged in the same way as they were presented at the Colloquium, followed by the conclusions drawn by the panel members. The editors wish to express their gratitude to the authors for the preparation and the presentation of their papers and to the Colloquium participants for providing their discussion contributions. They also acknowledge the valuable contributions to the planning and realisation of the Colloquium made by the representatives of the various sponsoring and co-sponsoring organisations. The excellent guidance of the Colloquium discussion periods exercised by the session chairmen is highly appreciated as well as the efforts of the panel members to prepare the conclusions from the Colloquium sessions. The contributions of all others which assured a successful Colloquium from which these proceedings evolved are gratefully appreciated. In a Post-Colloquium Workshop a number of experts discussed results obtained from the Colloquium and identified areas warranting future R&D efforts. The conclusions drawn from the Workshop are annexed to these proceedings. The Editors. ix Welcome and opening P.J. van Westen, C.E.C., D.G. XII, J.R.C., Petten Establishment.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-02 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography on the High Temperature Chemistry and Physics of Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Temperature Gas Solid Reactions in Earth and Planetary Processes written by Penelope King and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High temperature gas-solid reactions are ubiquitous on planetary bodies, distributing chemical elements over a range of geologic settings and temperatures. This volume reviews the critical role gas-solid reactions play in early solar system formation, volcanism, metamorphism and industrial processes. The field evidence, experimental and theoretical approaches for examining gas-solid reaction are presented, building on advances in fields outside of Earth Sciences. Computational chemistry techniques are used to probe the nature of molecular clusters and solvation in volcanic vapors and mineral-gas reaction mechanisms. Specialised analytical methods for characterising solid reaction products are included since these reactions commonly form thin or dispersed films and metastable minerals. Finally, the volume contains rich field examples, laboratory experiments and thermodynamic modelling and kinetics of gas-solid reactions on Earth, Venus and beyond.
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book School Pyrometallurgy in the 90 s written by South African Institute of Mining Metallurgy. School and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ceramic Abstracts written by American Ceramic Society and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxide Minerals written by Donald H. Lindsley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 25 of Reviews in Mineralogy was published to be used as the textbook for the Short Course on Fe-Ti Oxides: Their Petrologic and Magnetic Significance, held May 24-27, 1991, organized by B.R. Frost, D.H. Lindsley, and SK Banerjee and jointly sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the American Geophysical Union. It has been fourteen and a half years since the last MSA Short Course on Oxide Minerals and the appearance of Volume 3 of Reviews in Mineralogy. Much progress has been made in the interim. This is particularly evident in the coverage of the thermodynamic properties of oxide minerals: nothing in Volume 3, while in contrast, Volume 25 has three chapters (6, 7, and 8) presenting various aspects of the thermodynamics of oxide minerals; and other chapters (9, 11, 12) build extensively on thermodynamic models. The coverage of magnetic properties has also been considerably expanded (Chapters 4, 8, and 14). Finally, the interaction of oxides and silicates is emphasized in Chapters 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Because Volume 3 is out of print and will not be readily available to newcomers to our science, as much as possible we have tried to make Volume 25 a replacement for, rather than a supplement to, the earlier volume. Chapters on crystal chemistry, phase equilibria, and oxide minerals in both igneous and metamorphic rocks have been rewritten or extensively revised.
Download or read book Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy written by South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and published by . This book was released on 2004-07 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diffusion in Minerals and Melts written by Youxue Zahng and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 72 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive compilation of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Diffusion in Minerals and Melts held prior (December 11-12, 2010) to the Annual fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. The short course was held at the Napa Valley Marriott Hotel and Spa in Napa, California and was sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
