Download or read book A Study of Some Jelling Optically Active Colloids written by John Field and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics of Complex Colloids written by C. Bechinger and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2013-06-24 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloids are systems comprised of particles of mesoscopic size suspended in a liquid. They have recently been attracting increased attention from scientists and engineers due to the fact that they are nowadays present in many industrial products such as paints, oil additives, electronic ink displays and drugs. Colloids also serve as versatile model systems for phenomena and structures from solid-state physics, surface science and statistical mechanics, and can easily be studied using tabletop experiments to provide insight into processes not readily accessible in atomic systems. This book presents the lectures delivered at the 2012 Enrico Fermi School ‘Physics of Complex Colloids’, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012. The school addressed experimental, theoretical and numerical results and methods, and the lectures covered a broad spectrum of topics from the starting point of the synthesis of colloids and their use in commercial products. The lectures review the state-of-the-art of colloidal science in a pedagogical way, discussing both the basics and the latest results, and this book will serve as a reference for both students and experts in this rapidly growing field.
Download or read book Colloidal Active Matter written by Francesc Sagués Mestre and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-10-07 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do bird flocks, bacterial swarms, cell tissues, and cytoskeletal fluids have in common? They are all examples of active matter. This book explores how scientists in various disciplines, from physics to biology, have collated a solid corpus of experimental designs and theories during the last two decades to decipher active systems. The book addresses, from a multidisciplinary viewpoint, the field of active matter at a colloidal scale. Concepts, experiments, and theoretical models are put side by side to fully illuminate the subtilities of active systems. A large variety of subjects, from microswimmers or driven colloids to self-organized active fluids, are analysed within a unified perspective. Generic collective effects of self-propelled or driven colloids, such as motility-induced flocking, and new paradigms, such as the celebrated concept of active nematics in reconstituted protein-based fluids, are discussed using well-known experimental scenarios and recognized theories. Topics are covered with rigor and in a self-consistent way, reaching both practitioners and newcomers to the field. The diversity of topics and conceptual challenges in active matter have long hampered the chance to explore the field with a general perspective. This monograph, the first single-authored title on active matter, is intended to fill this gap by bridging disparate experimental and theoretical interests from colloidal soft matter to cell biophysics.
Download or read book Active Matter Within and Around Us written by Len Pismen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-15 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive review of various aspects of the novel and rapidly developing field of active matter, which encompasses a wide variety of self-organized self-driven energy-consuming media or agents. Most naturally occurring examples are of biological origin, spanning all scales from intracellular structures to swimming and crawling cells and microorganisms, to living tissues, bacterial colonies and flocks of birds. But the field also encompasses artificial systems, from colloids to soft robots. Intrinsically out of equilibrium and free of constraints of time-reversal symmetry, such systems display a range of surprising and unusual behaviors. In this book, the author emphasizes connections between fluid-mechanical, material, biological and technological aspects of active matter. He employs a minimum of mathematical tools, ensuring that the presentation is accessible to a wider scientific community. Richly illustrated, it gives the reader a clear picture of this fascinating field, its diverse phenomena and its open questions.
Download or read book Active Colloids written by Wei Wang and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2024-12-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Books in the Series cover a specific aspect of soft matter science, from the fundamental concepts of soft matter systems to the diverse applications across different disciplines.
Download or read book Liquid Crystal Colloids written by Igor Muševič and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the many concepts and discoveries in liquid crystal colloids contributed over the last twenty years and scattered across numerous articles and book chapters. It provides both a historical overview of the development of the field and a clear perspective on the future applications in photonics. The book covers all phenomena observed in liquid crystal colloids with an emphasis on experimental tools and applications of topology in condensed matter, as well as practical micro-photonics applications. It includes a number of spectacular manifestations of new topological phenomena not found or difficult to observe in other systems. Starting from the early works on nematic colloids, it explains the basics of topological defects in ordered media, charge and winding, and the elastic forces between colloidal particles in nematics. Following a detailed description of experimental methods, such as optical tweezing and particle tracking, the book eases the reader into the theoretical part, which deals with elastic deformation of nematic liquid crystals due to inclusions and surface alignment. This is discussed in the context of basic mean field Landau-de Gennes Q-tensor theory, with a brief explanation of the free-energy minimization numerical methods. There then follows an excursion into the topology of complex nematic colloidal structures, colloidal entanglement, knotting and linking. Nematic droplets, shells, handlebodies and chiral topological structures are addressed in separate chapters. The book concludes with an extensive chapter on the photonic properties of nematic dispersions, presenting the concept of integrated soft matter photonics and discussing the concepts of nematic and chiral nematic microlasers, surface-sensitive photonic devices and smectic microfibers. The text is complemented by a large bibliography, explanatory sketches and beautiful micrographs.
Download or read book Colloidal Surfactants written by Kozo Shinoda and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloidal Surfactants: Some Physicochemical Properties focuses on the study of surface active agents. This book elaborates the importance of surface active agents in detergency, textile industry, and biological research. The four distinctive features of the substance—moderate maximum concentration of molecularly dispersed species; surface and interfacial depression in very dilute solution; micelle formation above a certain concentration; and solubilization of water-insoluble substances by micelles, are also described. Other topics include the effect of molecular type on the critical micelle concentration, critical micelle concentration, interaction of paraffin chain electrolytes with colloids, and monolayer studies of surface active agents. This publication is suitable for chemists and specialists researching on colloidal surfactants.
Download or read book Directed Motion of Metallic Active Colloids written by Angus Unruh and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential applications of micro-scale active colloids, such as targeted drug delivery, small molecule sensing, environmental remediation, and directed microscale assembly typically require, or are at least would be benefitted by, precise control over the direction of particle motion. This dissertation focuses on methods for developing and implementing systems in active colloidal particles, the motion of which can be directed to a degree of accuracy. Chapter 1 introduces general applications made possible through micro-scale active particles, as well as a summary of some of the difficulties posed by micro-scale fluid dynamics and methods that are used to overcome them to produce motion. Chapter 2 deals with a system of metallic microparticles, the motion of which is dictated by their shape. This chapter discusses the process of designing and implementing the shape-directed particles, as well as modeling their behavior to predict direction of motion based on shape. Chapter 3 concerns tri-metallic microparticle disks whose motion is driven by electrophoresis, but the direction of which can be controlled via magnetic fields. These particles can be made to display a variety of complex trajectories, limited only by the complexity of the magnetic field being applied. Chapter 4 moves on slightly from directed motion and instead explores a specific application possible through active colloid particles: the catalytic degradation of nerve agent pollutants by metal-organic frameworks (MOF) enhanced by the motion of active Janus particles. This chapter discusses the design and synthesis of hybrid Janus particles consisting of a micro-sphere coated half by UiO-66 MOF and half by platinum metal, creating a motile particle capable of catalytic hydrolysis of nerve agents. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes the dissertation and briefly suggests future directions in which the previous projects could move.
Download or read book An Introduction to Dynamics of Colloids written by J.K.G. Dhont and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-05-20 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the few textbooks in the field, this volume deals with several aspects of the dynamics of colloids. A self-contained treatise, it fills the gap between research literature and existing books for graduate students and researchers. For readers with a background in chemistry, the first chapter contains a section on frequently used mathematical techniques, as well as statistical mechanics.Some of the topics covered include:• diffusion of free particles on the basis of the Langevin equation•the separation of time, length and angular scales;• the fundamental Fokker-Planck and Smoluchowski equations derived for interacting particles• friction of spheres and rods, and hydrodynamic interaction of spheres (including three body interactions)• diffusion, sedimentation, critical phenomena and phase separation kinetics• experimental light scattering results.For universities and research departments in industry this textbook makes vital reading.
Download or read book Anisotropic Particle Assemblies written by Ning Wu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anisotropic Particle Assemblies: Synthesis, Assembly, Modeling, and Applications covers the synthesis, assembly, modeling, and applications of various types of anisotropic particles. Topics such as chemical synthesis and scalable fabrication of colloidal molecules, molecular mimetic self-assembly, directed assembly under external fields, theoretical and numerical multi-scale modeling, anisotropic materials with novel interfacial properties, and the applications of these topics in renewable energy, intelligent micro-machines, and biomedical fields are discussed in depth. Contributors to this book are internationally known experts who have been actively studying each of these subfields for many years.This book is an invaluable reference for researchers and chemical engineers who are working at the intersection of physics, chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science and engineering. It educates students, trains the next generation of researchers, and stimulates continuous development in this rapidly emerging area for new materials and innovative technologies. - Provides comprehensive coverage on new developments in anisotropic particles - Features chapters written by emerging and leading experts in each of the subfields - Contains information that will appeal to a broad spectrum of professionals, including but not limited to chemical engineers, chemists, physicists, and materials scientists and engineers - Serves as both a reference book for researchers and a textbook for graduate students
Download or read book Colloid and Interface Science in Pharmaceutical Research and Development written by Hiroyuki Ohshima and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-23 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloid and Interface Science in Pharmaceutical Research and Development describes the role of colloid and surface chemistry in the pharmaceutical sciences. It gives a detailed account of colloid theory, and explains physicochemical properties of the colloidal-pharmaceutical systems, and the methods for their measurement. The book starts with fundamentals in Part I, covering fundamental aspects of colloid and interface sciences as applied to pharmaceutical sciences and thus should be suitable for teaching. Parts II and III treat applications and measurements, and they explains the application of these properties and their influence and use for the development of new drugs. - Provides a clear description of the fundamentals of colloid and interface science relevant to drug research and development - Explains the physicochemical/colloidal basis of pharmaceutical science - Lists modern experimental characterization techniques, provides analytical equations and explanations on analyzing the experimental data - Describes the most advanced techniques, AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy), SFA (Surface Force Apparatus) in detail
Download or read book Medical Applications of Colloids written by Egon Matijevic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-05 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The important role of ?nely dispersed matter and surfaces in medicine is not always fully understood and appreciated. Speci?cally, ?ne particles (solid or liquid) in the size range of several nanometers to several micrometers have a tremendous effect on our lives, because they can be bene?cial or detrimental to our well-being. Such particles are present in living bodies as red blood cells or cholesterol crystals in the gall bladder. They are ubiquitous in the environment, where they can cause many diseases, such as asbestosis, silicosis, and black lung disease, but they are also used in diagnostic tests, drug delivery, and numerous other applications. More recently, evidence has become available that drug formulations with active components in a ?nely dispersed state may signi?cantly affect their functionality. Furthermore, with miniaturization of medical instrumentation, the size of the components is necess- ily reduced to colloid or even smaller range. This volume is a collection of several chapters dealing with diverse topics of colloids and surfaces relevant to medical applications. Thus, Siiman describes the use of optical properties of uniform colloidal particles as probes in ?ow cytometry. Giesche focuses on the preparations and properties of exceedingly uniform silica spheres for different uses, such as in chromatography. In modi?ed forms, silica p- ticles with incorporated dyes are employed in diagnostics and those combined with tiny magnetic entities in drug delivery.
Download or read book Soft Matter written by Wim van Saarloos and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-26 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Soft matter science is an interdisciplinary field at the interface of physics, biology, chemistry, engineering, and materials science. It encompasses colloids, polymers, and liquid crystals as well as rapidly emerging topics such as metamaterials, memory formation and learning in matter, bioactive systems, and artificial life. This textbook introduces key phenomena and concepts in soft matter from a modern perspective, marrying established knowledge with the latest developments and applications. The presentation integrates statistical mechanics, dynamical systems, and hydrodynamic approaches, emphasizing conservation laws and broken symmetries as guiding principles while paying attention to computational and machine learning advances. The book features introductory chapters on fluid mechanics, elasticity, and stochastic phenomena and also covers advanced topics such as pattern formation and active matter. it discusses technological applications as well as relevant phenomena in the life sciences and offers perspectives on emerging research directions"--
Download or read book Colloid and Interface Chemistry for Water Quality Control written by Qing Chang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloid and Interface Chemistry for Water Quality Control provides basic but essential knowledge of colloid and interface science for water and wastewater treatment. Divided into two sections, chapters 1 to 8 presents colloid chemistry including simple history and basic concepts, diffusion and Brown Motion, sedimentation, osmotic pressure, optical properties, rheology properties, electric properties, emulsion, foam and gel, and so on; chapters 9 to provides interface chemistry theories including the surface of liquid, the surface of solution, and the surface of solid. This valuable book is the only one that presents colloid and interface chemistry from the water quality control perspective. This book was written for graduate students in the area of water treatment and environmental engineering, and it could be used as the reference for researchers and engineers in the same area. - Concise content makes this suitable for both teaching and learning - Focuses on water treatment technology and methods, links colloid and surface chemistry to water treatment applications - Not only addresses all the important physical-chemistry principles and theories, but also presents new developed knowledge on water treatment - Includes exercises, problems and solutions, which are very helpful for testing learning and understanding
Download or read book Dynamics Of Active Colloids In Liquid Crystal Environment written by Mojtaba Rajabi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of micrometer-scale active colloids in complex fluids is of great fundamental and application interest. In this dissertation, we study the dynamics of active colloids placed in an orientationally ordered liquid. We demonstrate that the liquid crystal (LC) environment allows extracting useful work from the random motion of microswimmers and ambient external field in the form of self-propulsion of colloids. We also show that the simplest microswimmer in a low Reynolds number regime in an LC is a sphere; in contrast with the complicated structures and modes necessary for swimming in isotropic fluids. We demonstrate that a water droplet containing a suspension of randomly swimming bacteria placed in a nematic LC environment propels itself unidirectionally. The droplets with a hyperbolic hedgehog (HH) point defect in their vicinity that are of polar symmetry propel themselves while the droplets with Saturn ring (SR) director configuration of quadrupolar symmetry do not propel. In HH droplets, the propulsion is driven by the activity of bacteria; the droplets with higher bacteria concentration move faster, while the droplets with no bacteria or immotile bacteria do not propel. The bacteria generate a chaotic flow inside the droplet that is transferred to the nematic through the interface. The polar director structure around the HH droplet rectifies this chaotic flow into the directional self-propulsion of the droplet. The mechanism of motion is rooted in the coupling of flow and the director orientation in the nematic. The flow that is transferred into the nematic faces different resistances from the director structure around the droplet while streaming toward the HH as compared to the opposite direction. Thus, the net displacement is in the direction with less resistance. We show that the responsiveness of the LC to external cues such as electric field and light provides the means to dynamically control the speed and trajectories of the active droplets. An in-plane electric field reorients the director through dielectric coupling and thus redirects the droplet. Also, a high electric field transforms the HH into a disclination ring and thus reduces the droplet speed. When the ring becomes an equatorial SR the droplet stops. A focused laser beam is used to control the droplet motility and polarity of motion. The laser locally melts the director around the droplet and reversibly transforms the SR to HH, thus controlling the droplet motility. The beam is focused on the desired side of the droplet and determines the direction of motion by creating HH there. LC environment can also be used to enable and control the transport of inanimate colloidal particles. Previously, liquid crystal-enabled electrophoresis of colloids has been explored in which the particle propels with a speed quadratically proportional to the applied electric field. In this work, we describe highly nonlinear electrophoresis in nematic in which the velocity is proportional to the fourth and sixth powers of the field. This is the highest nonlinear electrophoresis effect ever reported. The mechanism is attributed to the field-generated charges in LC which modify the space charge. Finally, the observation and recording of the dynamics of birefringence environments require complex microscopy techniques. We describe a novel microscopy based on a polychromatic polarizing module (PPM) to map the director orientation of LC with a high spatial and temporal resolution. The technique allows us to study the dynamics of active LCs.
Download or read book The Journal written by Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, Eng. (Yorkshire) and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Active Matter in Complex Environments written by Liheng Cai and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-12 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
