Download or read book Acquiring Weapon Systems in a Period of Rising Expenditures written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acquiring Weapon Systems in a Period of Rising Expenditures: Implications for Defense Management
Download or read book Acquiring Weapon Systems in a Period of Rising Expenditures written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acquiring Weapon Systems in a Period of Rising Expenditures Implications for Defense Management Report to the Congress written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acquiring Weapon Systems in a Period of Rising Expenditures written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acquiring Weapon System in a Period of Rising Expenditures Implications for Defense Management written by Stati Uniti. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historical Cost Growth of Completed Weapon System Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is one of a series from a RAND Project AIR FORCE project, "The Cost of Future Military Aircraft: Historical Cost Estimating Relationships and Cost Reduction Initiatives." The report complements another document from this project, "Impossible Certainty: Cost Risk Analysis for Air Force Systems," and includes a literature review of cost growth studies and a more extensive analysis of the historical cost growth in acquisition programs than appears in the companion report. Overall, most of the studies reviewed reported that actual costs were greater than estimates of baseline costs. The most common metric used to measure cost growth is the cost growth factor (CGF), which is defined as the ratio of the actual cost to the estimated costs. A CGF of less than 1.0 indicates that the estimate was higher than the actual cost -- an underrun. When the CGF exceeds 1.0, the actual costs were higher than the estimate -- an overrun. Studies of weapon system cost growth have mainly relied on data from Selected Acquisition Reports (SARs). These reports are prepared annually by all major defense acquisition program (MDAP) offices within the military services to provide the U.S. Congress with cost, schedule, and performance status. The comparison baseline (estimate) typically corresponds to a major acquisition decision milestone. Prior studies have reported Milestone (MS) II CGFs for development costs ranging from 1.16 to 2.26; estimates of procurement CGFs ranging from 1.16 to 1.65; and total program CGFs ranging from 1.20 to 1.54. Regarding the differences among cost growth due to service, weapon, and time period, prior studies tended to find the following: Army weapon systems had higher cost growth than did weapon systems for the Air Force or Navy; cost growth differs by equipment type; and cost growth has declined from the 1960s and 1970s, after it was recognized as an important problem.
Download or read book GAO Documents written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalog of reports, decisions and opinions, testimonies and speeches.
Download or read book Weapons System Sustainment Planning Early in the Development Life Cycle written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the Government Accountability Office, sustainment of weapon systems accounts for approximately 70 percent of the total life-cycle costs. When sustainment is not considered early in the development process or as an integral part of the systems engineering design, it can negatively affect the ability of the Air Force to maintain and improve the weapon system once it enters service. At the request of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, Weapons Systems Sustainment Planning Early in the Development Life Cycle identifies at what point or phase of the development of a weapons system sustainment planning should be integrated into the program; examines and provides recommendations regarding how sustainment planning should be evaluated throughout the development process; investigates and describes the current challenges with sustainment planning and determines what changes have occurred throughout the acquisition process that may have eroded sustainment planning; and identifies opportunities for acquisitions offices to gain greater access to sustainment expertise.
Download or read book Budgetary Pressures Created by the Army s Plans to Procure New Major Weapon Systems are Just Beginning written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO reviewed new weapon system acquisition programs to determine the likely effect on the budget for the next several years of financing the procurement, operation, and support of the Army's new major weapon systems and identifying ways for relieving the pressure which characterized the preparation of the Army's 1982-1986 5-Year Defense Program. The 1970's marked the Army's most intensive peacetime effort to modernize its forces with new weapon systems. Most of the procurement of these systems became a reality in preparing the fiscal year 1982 budget. With less funds available than were needed to procure the weapons in the quantities desired, together with substantial cost increases, the Army proposed to stretch out the production schedules of nearly all of the systems which would have resulted in higher prices and program delays. Additional funds in the revised fiscal year 1982 budget alleviated this problem. The systems production has been characterized by substantial cost growth, stemming mainly from the actual production processes being more complex than anticipated and requiring more labor hours and machine time. Much of the cost growth was due to inflation. The use of optimistic inflation rates in developing cost estimates also accounts for some of the cost growth. Operating and supporting the new weapon systems once they are fielded will require very large amounts of resources. Since the budgetary effect of operations and support will not be felt until after the weapons are deployed, these costs are not receiving as much attention as procurement costs. Fielding all of the systems will seriously strain the Army's resources. Most of the systems will require more skilled personnel, more fuel and ammunition, a greater expenditure for spare parts, and will impose a logistics burden on the Army.
Download or read book Department of Defense Authorization Act of 1982 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Legislation and National Security Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annual Department of Defense Bibliography of Logistics Studies and Related Documents written by United States. Defense Logistics Studies Information Exchange and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Weapons Procurement Stretch Outs on Costs and Schedules written by R. William Thomas and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite significant efforts to reform the acquisition process, problems with buying weapons systems continue. This report, prepared in 1987 by the Congressional Budget Office, at the request of the Senate Committee on Armed Services, focuses specifically on the pace of weapons production. Stretching out the process of acquiring new weapons not only adds to program costs but also limits efforts to equip U.S. forces with modern weapons. The report examines alternative procurement policies that would permit higher production rates while recognizing overall fiscal constraints on the defense budget. The report makes no recommendations. Charts & tables.
Download or read book A Cost effective Comparison of Missile Weapon System Maintenance Concepts written by Andrew Lanning Keller and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the study was to compare the cost/effectiveness of maintaining a missile system using conventional means (government personnel, material, facilities, equipment, and so forth) versus a program where the private sector, primarily the missile prime contractor, provides the required maintenance services to keep the missile weapon system operational. For several years the Department of Defense (DoD) has been getting a smaller portion of the Federal Budget. Social agencies have been getting more, and that trend will likely continue. Also, with the all-volunteer military, the portion of DoD spending going into pay for personnel and related costs has been going up. Operation and Support costs have been rising in parallel, so money available for acquisition of new weapons systems has been going down. Compounding this problem is the increase in costs of new systems over old, as technology advances. Successive weapons systems cost several times more than the earlier systems they replace. This has led the Department of Defense policy makers to conclude that some drastic action must be taken. The cost of new systems has to be pushed down and controlled. Searching for ways to reduce costs, DoD planners found that only a small portion of the money spent during the life cycle of a weapons system is spent during development. On a typical Defense System, only 3 percent of the total cost of the system is expended in the Validation Phase and only about 12 percent of the Life Cycle Costs in the Full Scale Development phase. Most of the money is allocated to Production and Operation and Support, approximately 35 percent is spent building the system for the military services to use, leaving about half the cost, 50 percent, spent in the Operations and Support phase. Obviously, Production and Operations and Support are major targets for cost cutting. However, it has been found that waiting until the production phase, or until the system is in operation, before taking action regarding the reduction of costs, is too late.Cost reduction planning requires an earlier start in the process. Early decisions determine Life Cycle Costs. The decisions on design features, configuration, production methods, and operation and maintenance concepts that are made very early in the program determine the cost that will be incurred for the whole program. Thus, on a typical program, by the end of the concept studies, about 70 percent of the Life Cycle Costs are set by the design decisions already made. Before Full Scale Development begins about 85 percent of the Life Cycle Costs are locked up, but only about 3 percent of the money has been spent. By the end of Full Scale Development, when the production go-ahead decision is made, approximately 95 percent of the Life Cycle Costs are frozen. After that it is too late to make changes that will affect more than about 5 percent of the overall systems costs. Clearly, effort directed at reducing cost must be initiated in the earliest stages of a program. Projected defense budget levels and rising costs of acquiring, operating, and supporting defense systems and equipment have created the need to make cost a principal design parameter. Several cost/effective weapon systems have recently been developed which, because of their cost, were not affordable in adequate numbers to satisfy mission requirements, necessitating additional lower cost developments. Emphasis in the past has been placed primarily on "unit production cost" with "consideration" of life cycle cost impacts. The reason was the inability to predict, or in fact measure, total operating and support costs. This has provided little motivation to the responsible Program Manager and subsequently to the development contractors to trade off lower predicted savings in operating and support cost in the future for near term "known" higher unit production costs. Recent acquisition strategies, however, have made in roads to addressing the operating and support cost portion of life cycle cost. The approach has been to look at that portion of the operating and support costs which are design dependent, reasonably predictable, and verifiable during the initial period of system operation. While only a part of the total operating and support costs meets these criteria, most important part, the part that the Department of Defense Program Manager and the contractors can affect and control during the acquisition cycle. The study derives its significance not only from the fact that costs are growing while budgets are cut. Severe shortages are being experienced by the armed forces for qualified and trained personnel. Today's modern sophisticated weapons can no longer be operated or maintained without proper training. In addition, the more highly specialized personnel require a more sophisticated and complex management support system. This form of management is uncommon to the armed forces, and other cost/effective options must be considered.
Download or read book Documents on Disarmament written by United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
