Download or read book Acquiring Firms Earnings Management Strategies Around Merger and Acquisitions written by Sipei Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates acquiring firms' earnings management (EM) strategies around mergers and acquisition (M&A) in the US market and analyzes firm's post-acquisition performance. Acquirers are shown to use both accruals management (AM) and real earnings management (REM), both prior to and after acquisition. The EM behaviors are not exclusive to firms that employ stock-for-stock payments; firms that use 100% cash payments or mixed cash and stock payments also manage their earnings during the years around acquisition. REM does not act mainly as a substitute for AM, we show that there exist some complementary effects between REM and AM. Finally, the results suggest that the pre-acquisition EM has (positive) negatively effect on the (non-)repetitive acquirer's post-acquisition performance.

Download or read book Earnings Management in Companies Seeking to be Acquired and Its Effect on Chances of Subsequent Acquisition written by Tatiana Garanina and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earnings management is found to be widely used by managers to alter financial reporting, whereas managers of seeking buyer firms might have particularly strong incentives to do so. The goal of the current research is to analyze the influence of accrual-based earnings management strategies and other factors on ex ante chances of subsequent acquisition of a target company that publicly announces that it is in search for a buyer. In the paper the sample of seeking buyer firms that issued respective announcements in 2010 through 2012 is studied, and by means of binary logistic and regressions the factors of a successful sale are defined.The authors find that acquirers are eager to bid for companies which are profitable and in a good financial state, but only when the latter reflect firm fundamentals, and is not achieved via accrual manipulation.

Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions written by Ernst & Young LLP and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1994-03-31 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic climate, new regulations and developments both here and abroad have totally changed the face of today's mergers and acquisitions. Completely rewritten and updated, it examines realistic strategies and goals for the 1990s that must be addressed in order to achieve a successful acquisition program. Includes coverage of the post-acquisition process, chapters on restructuring financially troubled companies, and unique strategies that apply to niche acquisitions. It also features new material on international mergers, the pros and cons of partial buy-ins, cross-border alliances, financing options and covers issues (strategic, legal, financial and regulatory) that can affect a deal of any size.

Download or read book Stock Payment Acquirer s Pre Acquisition Earnings Management and Its Post Acquisition Performance written by Pascal Alphonse and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For an M&A context, this paper investigates stock payment acquirers' trade-off strategy between accruals-based earnings management (AM) and real earnings management (REM) and it impacts on firm's post-acquisition performance during the period before and the period after the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). We find that stock payment acquirers, in addition to using pre-acquisition AM, are likely to use REM. Additionally, “mixed-stock” acquirers (stock payments greater than 50% but less than 100%) show more significant AM behaviors than the stock-for-stock acquirers, as shown in the literature, possibly because the disclosure of this strategy involves the latter firms but not for the former. This paper first illuminates “mixed-stock” acquirers' earnings management (EM) strategy. We also find substitution effects between EM methods and that the choice of EM is closely related to an M&A's payment method, the SOX and whether the acquirer made the acquisition(s) shortly before the SOX. Results of the performance analysis suggest that the SOX has negatively impacts the long-term post-acquisition performance and that mixed-stock acquirers and 100% stock-for-stock firms have similar negative post-acquisition performance and market reactions. Furthermore, we discover mixed effects of EM behaviors on post-acquisition performance. The global picture suggests that, for the most part, the financial market cannot effectively perceive a firm's pre-acquisition EM, and it reacts in a "unified" optimistic way to stock payment deals in the short term. In the long term, it associates a firm's future growth to its current performance and that pre-acquisition management no longer matters, though pre-acquisition AM users show better performance.

Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions Basics written by Donald DePamphilis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-29 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers and Acquisitions Basics: All You Need to Know provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts of mergers and acquisitions. Key concepts discussed include M&As as change agents in the context of corporate restructuring; legal structures and strategies employed in corporate restructuring; takeover strategies and the impact on corporate governance; takeover defenses; and players who make mergers and acquisitions happen. The book also covers developing a business plan and the tools used to evaluate, display, and communicate information to key constituencies both inside and outside the corporation; the acquisition planning process; the negotiation, integration planning, and closing phases; financing transactions; and M&A post-merger integration. This book is written for buyers and sellers of businesses, financial analysts, chief executive officers, chief financial officers, operating managers, investment bankers, and portfolio managers. Others who may have an interest include bank lending officers, venture capitalists, government regulators, human resource managers, entrepreneurs, and board members. The book may also be used as a companion or supplemental text for undergraduate and graduate students taking courses on mergers and acquisitions, corporate restructuring, business strategy, management, governance, and entrepreneurship. Describes a broad view of the mergers and acquisition process to illustrate agents' interactions Simplifies without overgeneralizing Bases conclusions on empirical evidence, not experience and opinion Features a recent business case at the end of each chapter

Download or read book Valuation for M A written by Chris M. Mellen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the tools necessary to determine what your company's value is, what drives its value, and how to enhance that value during an M&A transaction. The only book to focus on valuation specifically for mergers and acquisitions, Valuation For M&A: Building Value in Private Companies, Second Edition lays out the steps for measuring and managing value creation in privately held businesses. This groundbreaking work led directly to authors Chris M. Mellen and Franck C. Evans being named the joint 2010 AM&AA Middle Market Thought Leader of the Year by the Alliance of Merger & Acquisition Advisors, and its thorough overview of the subject: Recognizes a company as an investment and explains how to manage that value to maximize shareholder returns, focusing on returns, risks, and capital invested Explains investment or strategic value versus fair market value and provides a document request checklist; sample interview questions; and formats for adjusting financial statements, developing discount rates, the computation of net cash flow; and a valuation reconciliation form Includes a comprehensive case study to illustrate concepts and calculations Now covers fair value accounting and the impact of SFAS Nos. 141, 142, and 157 and their IFRS counterparts, intangible asset valuation techniques, exit planning, international M&As, and venture backed/early stage companies Showing corporate executives as well as M&A professionals and business appraisers how to value privately-held businesses for merger and acquisition purposes, this book helps investors, executives, and their advisors determine the optimum strategy to enhance both market value and strategic value to maximize return on investment.

Download or read book Earnings Management by Acquiring Firms in Stock for Stock Mergers written by Merle Erickson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the manipulation of accounting earnings in the period preceding the announcement and completion of stock for stock mergers by a sample of acquiring firms. Results indicate that in the quarters prior to the merger, acquiring firms manage earnings upward. This result is consistent with the conclusion that acquiring firms use accounting procedures in an attempt to increase their stock price prior to stock for stock mergers.Further investigation indicates that unexpected accounting accruals are related to the economic benefits at stake to the acquiring firm and its manager-shareholders. We measure economic benefits to the acquiring firm from increased reported accounting earnings as the deal ratio (deal value as a percentage of the acquiring firm's market value) and management ownership of the acquiring firm. Our analysis indicates that acquiring firm income increasing accounting manipulations prior to a merger are positively related to the relative size of the deal.

Download or read book Mergers Acquisitions and Other Restructuring Activities written by Donald DePamphilis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-09-04 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities: An Integrated Approach to Process, Tools, Cases, and Solutions, Tenth Edition, is the most comprehensive and cutting-edge text available on the subject. Supported by recent peer-reviewed academic research, this book provides many recent, notable deals, precedent-setting judicial decisions, government policies and regulations, and trends affecting M&As, as well as takeover strategies and tactics. Today's policies, politics and economics are reflected in the book's 40 case studies, 90% of which involve deals either announced or completed during the last several years. These cases represent friendly, hostile, highly leveraged, and cross-border transactions in ten different industries, involving public and private firms and those experiencing financial distress. Sections discuss an overview of M&As, key regulations, common strategies and tactics, how managers may choose a business strategy from available options, valuation methods and basic financial modeling techniques, the negotiating process, how deal structuring and financing are inextricably linked, how consensus is reached during the bargaining process, the role of financial models in closing the deal and strategic growth options as alternatives to domestic M&As. Provides a rigorous discussion of the strengths and limitations of financial modeling as applied to M&A and how these models can be applied in various areas Includes new academic research and updated/revised case studies Presents updated M&A tactics and strategies, along with court cases and new regulations governing business combinations, valuation methodologies and financing

Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-02-11 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are business transactions in which the ownership of companies, business organizations, or their operating units are transferred to or consolidated with another company or business organization. As an aspect of strategic management, M&A can allow enterprises to grow or downsize, and change the nature of their business or competitive position. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Mergers and acquisitions Chapter 2: Takeover Chapter 3: Leveraged buyout Chapter 4: Private equity Chapter 5: Horizontal integration Chapter 6: Due diligence Chapter 7: Valuation (finance) Chapter 8: Enterprise value Chapter 9: Management buyout Chapter 10: Business valuation Chapter 11: Consolidation (business) Chapter 12: Earnout Chapter 13: Commercial property Chapter 14: Valuation using discounted cash flows Chapter 15: Valuation using multiples Chapter 16: Goodwill (accounting) Chapter 17: Private-equity secondary market Chapter 18: Control premium Chapter 19: Stock Chapter 20: Contingent value rights Chapter 21: Asset purchase agreement (II) Answering the public top questions about mergers and acquisitions. (III) Real world examples for the usage of mergers and acquisitions in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Mergers and Acquisitions.

Download or read book Valuation for Mergers and Acquisitions written by Barbara S. Petitt and published by FT Press. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the latest insights, lessons, and best practice techniques for accurately valuing companies for potential mergers, acquisitions, and restructurings. Concise, realistic, and easy to use, Valuation for Mergers and Acquisitions, Second Edition has been fully updated to reflect the field's latest and most useful "rules of thumb," compare every modern approach to valuation, offering practical solutions for today's most complex and important valuation challenges. Treating valuation as both an art and a science, it covers the entire process, offering up-to-the-minute real-world advice, examples, and case studies. Leading valuation experts Barbara S. Petitt and Kenneth R. Ferris introduce and compare leading techniques including discounted cash flow analysis, earnings multiples analysis, adjusted present value analysis, economic value analysis, and real option analysis. They fully address related concerns such as the accounting structure of deals, accounting for goodwill, tax considerations, and more. Throughout, they identify common errors that lead to inaccurate valuation, and show how to avoid them. From start to finish, this guide doesn't just make valuation comprehensible: it provides the tools and insight to make valuation work. For all financial professionals concerned with valuation, especially those involved in potential mergers, acquisitions, and restructurings; and for corporate finance instructors and students in Executive MBA programs concerned with valuation.

Download or read book The Essence of Mergers and Acquisitions written by P. S. Sudarsanam and published by Prentice Hall PTR. This book was released on 1995 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise, complete overview of mergers and acquisitions, this book discusses bid strategies and tactics, the pros and cons of hostile bids, and the defensive strategies available to fend off unwanted suitors. The author discusses how stock markets respond to acquisition and merger plans and the business and cultural issues that arise in the wake of a merger or acquisition.

Download or read book Valuation for M A written by Frank C. Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-07-15 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only resource available to help calculate investment value versus fair market value Whether buying or selling, the question of "what's it worth?" is multifaceted. In an M&A setting, it is necessary to compute fair market value, but it is far more important to compute investment value-the value of the target company to a strategic buyer. This calculation varies with each prospective buyer, depending on synergies, benefits, and other competitive analyses that are seldom involved in business valuation. Valuation for M&A is the first book to focus on valuation for merger and acquisitions. This groundbreaking guide provides document request checklists, sample interview questions, a format for adjusting financial statements, a format for developing discount rates, a format for computation of net cash flow, and a valuation reconciliation form, all to help senior executives and M&A professionals better negotiate a successful deal. Frank C. Evans is a certified business appraiser (CBA), Accredited Senior Business Appraiser in Business Valuation (ASA), and CPA (accredited in business valuation) and David M. Bishop is a Master Certified Business Appraiser (MCBA), Accredited Senior Business Appraiser in Business Valuation (ASA), Fellow of the Institute of Business Appraisers (FIBA), and Business Valuator Accredited for Litigation (BVAL).

Download or read book Earnings Management Around Mergers and Acquisitions written by Eugenie Ann Ardoin Goodwin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earnings Management in Takeovers of Privately Held Targets written by Bok Baik and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate patterns of earnings management by the acquiring firm in a merger, considering both the form of payment and the target firm's listing status. We find that the acquiring firm is more likely to report income-increasing abnormal accruals when it uses stock to acquire a privately held target. The bidder's abnormal accruals are also higher when it acquires a privately held target operating in a different industry and when it acquires a smaller target. These results suggest that greater estimation risk in the valuation of an acquisition target motivates the bidder to avoid overpayment by manipulating earnings upward prior to the merger. We also find that for a bidder acquiring a privately held target, stock returns around the merger announcement are negatively related to the abnormal accruals, but long-term returns show no relation to the abnormal accruals. Thus, it appears that investors price the bidder's earnings management at the time of the acquisition, and we find no evidence of a delayed market reaction or price correction.

Download or read book Merger and Acquisition Strategies written by Angelo Dringoli and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-10-28 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision to carry out a merger or acquisition is certainly a risky one, not least because of the number of variables influencing the final outcome. It is also a decision frequently based on the wrong objectives and an incorrect evaluation process. With this in mind, this important new book offers solutions for reducing the high percentage of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) that fail. It adopts a normative approach, using theoretical analysis to show what managers could and should do to increase shareholders’ value through successful M&A strategies. It also explores the conditions that are suitable for favouring a certain type of M&A (horizontal, vertical or diversified) over the others. In conclusion, the book presents case studies of successful M&A strategies providing a link between theory and practice.

Download or read book Evaluating Companies for Mergers and Acquisitions written by Pervez Ghauri and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-04 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the IBM series investigates how the evaluation of a target firm influence the outcome of mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Co-authored by international business expert Pervez Ghauri, it highlights the processes that evaluate potential acquisition targets, and how a proper evaluation can positively influence the M&A performance.

Download or read book Creating Value from Mergers and Acquisitions written by Sudi Sudarsanam and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2003 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text studies mergers and acquisitions in Europe within a common framework and provides a comparative analysis of the M & A scene in Europe and in the US. It develops a coherent, international and multidisciplinary perspective of the M & A scene.