Download or read book Acoustic Microscopy at Cryogenic Temperatures written by STANFORD UNIV CA EDWARD L GINZTON LAB OF PHYSICS. and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some years ago it became evident that research devoted to acoustic microscopy at cryogenic temperatures would allow us to realize the full potential of this new instrument and extend the resolving power beyond the limits imposed by the room temperature microscope. In 1977, the Office of Naval Research agreed to fund such a program at Stanford University. It was to be directed toward an increase in our understanding of the propagation of acoustic waves in cryogenic fluids and the physics of imaging with these waves. We were to concern ourselves with the submicron region. This short report includes a compilation of the written materials and presentations that have resulted from this program. The work of Dr. Logan Hargrove, who has guided the program since its inception, is deeply appreciated. Cryogenic fluids are attractive for propagation of acoustic waves with short wavelengths since the velocity of sound is low and the attenuation is moderate. Much of our work has been done with liquid argon and liquid nitrogen. High quality acoustic images have been recorded in these media and it has been shown that an operating instrument can be a rather simple device.
Download or read book Acoustic Microscopy at Cryogenic Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past year work has been accomplished on developing an acoustic microscope in superfluid helium. In order to test the apparatus, we have studied its behavior using focussed beams in water and a plane beam in helium. Images of various objects have been produced using water and liquid argon as propagating media. Some initial work has been done towards producing quarter wave matching layers to reduce the interface loss between the lens material and the liquid helium.
Download or read book Cryogenic Acoustic Microscopy written by Daniel Rugar and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Acoustic Microscopy written by Andrew Briggs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second volume of Advances in Acoustic Microscopy. It continues the aim of presenting applications and developments of techniques that are related to high-resolution acoustic imaging. We are very grateful to the authors who have devoted considerable time to preparing these chapters, each of which describes a field of growing importance. Laboratories that have high-performance acoustic microscopes are frequently asked to examine samples for which the highest available resolution is not necessary, and the ability to penetrate opaque layers is more significant. Such applications can be thought of as bridging the gap be tween acoustic microscopy at low gigahertz frequencies, and on the one hand nondestructive testing of materials at low megahertz frequencies and on the other hand medical ultrasonic imaging at low megahertz frequencies. Commercial acoustic microscopes are becoming increasingly available and popular for such applications. We are therefore delighted to be able to begin the volume with chapters from each of those two fields. The first chapter, by Gabriele Pfannschmidt, describes uses of acoustic microscopy in the semiconductor industry. It provides a splendid balance to the opening chapter of Volume 1, which came from a national research center, being written from within a major European electronics industry itself. Dr Pfann schmidt describes the use of two quite different types of acoustic microscopes, and points out the advantages of each for specific purposes.
Download or read book Acoustic Microscopy written by Andrew Briggs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years Acoustic Microscopy has been the definitive book on the subject. A key development since it was first published has been the development of ultrasonic force microscopy. The 2nd edition has a major new chapter on this technique and its applications.
Download or read book Cryogenic Acoustic Microscopy written by C. F. Quate and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress on the ultra-high resolution acoustic microscope is described. Two main areas are investigated: signal-to-noise ratio and a mechanical scanner. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is improved by developing higher efficiency acoustic transducers for generating coherent sound and superconducting bolometers for broadband detection of sound. Some experiments to understand the effects of pressurizing liquid helium on the propagation of high intensity focused sound waves in superfluid helium are described. The possibility of utilizing parametric amplification of sound in liquid helium to improve the SNR is reported. Finally, the design and development of a new scanner which will have a wider scanning range with great precision operating in pressurized liquid helium are also described.
Download or read book Acoustic Microscopy written by Roman Gr. Maev and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This only and up-to-date monograph on this versatile method covers its use in a range of applications spanning the fields of physics, materials science, electrical engineering, medicine, and research and industry. Following an introduction, the highly experienced author goes on to investigate acoustic field structure, output signal formation in transmission raster acoustic microscopes and non-linear acoustic effects. Further chapters deal with the visco-elastic properties and microstructure of the model systems and composites used, as well as polymer composite materials and the microstructure and physical-mechanical properties of biological tissues. A handy reference for materials scientists, electrical engineers, radiologists, laboratory medics, test engineers, physicists, and graduate students.
Download or read book Advances in Acoustic Microscopy written by Andrew Briggs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 Acoustic Microscopy was published by Oxford University Press, in the series of Monographs on the Physics and Chemistry of Materials. Reviews appeared in the Journal of Microscopy [169 (1), 91] and in Contemporary Physics [33 (4), 296]. At the time of going to press, it seemed that the field of acoustic microscopy had settled down from the wonderful developments in resolution that had been seen in the late seventies and the early eighties and from the no less exciting developments in quantitative elastic measurements that had followed. One reviewer wrote, "The time is ripe for such a book, now that the expansion of the subject has perceptively slowed after it was detonated by Lemons and Quate. " [A. Howie, Proc. RMS 27 (4), 280]. In many ways, this remains true. The basic design for both imaging and quantitative instruments is well-established; the upper frequency for routine imaging is the 2 GHz established by the Ernst Leitz scanning acoustic microscope (ELSAM) in 1984. For the most accurate V(z) measurements, the 225-MHz line-focus-beam lens, developed at Tohoku Univer sity a little before then, remains standard. The principles of the contrast theory have been confirmed by abundant experience; in particular the role of surface acoustic waves, such as Rayleigh waves, dominates the contrast in most high resolution studies of many materials.
Download or read book Low Temperature Microscopy and Analysis written by Patrick Echlin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The frozen-hydrated specimen is the principal element that unifies the subject of low temperature microscopy, and frozen-hydrated specimens are what this book is all about. Freezing the sample as quickly as possible and then further preparing the specimen for microscopy or microanalysis, whether still embedded in ice or not: there seem to be as many variations on this theme as there are creative scientists with problems of structure and composition to investigate. Yet all share a body of com mon fact and theory upon which their work must be based. Low-Temperature Micros copy and Analysis provides, for the first time, a comprehensive treatment of all the elements to which one needs access. What is the appeal behind the use of frozen-hydrated specimens for biological electron microscopy, and why is it so important that such a book should now have been written? If one cannot observe dynamic events as they are in progress, rapid specimen freezing at least offers the possibility to trap structures, organelles, macro molecules, or ions and other solutes in a form that is identical to what the native structure was like at the moment of trapping. The pursuit of this ideal becomes all the more necessary in electron microscopy because of the enormous increase in resolution that is available with electron-optical instruments, compared to light optical microscopes.
Download or read book An Introduction to Scanning Acoustic Microscopy written by Andrew Briggs and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date handbook provides a lucid introduction to acoustic microscopes with submicron resolution. The first half of the handbook shows how to operate the instrument, offering a description of a typical acoustic microscope, some detailed guidance for use, and a helpful discussion of the elements of contrast theory. The second half examines samples of the images that can be obtained, including micrographs of composites, grain structure, layered devices, and fine microcracks. The author has designed the book to help both those who have recently purchased an acoustic microscope and those who merely wish to find out if an acoustic microscope can help their research, whether it be in materials science, metallurgy, surface physics, or surface chemistry.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Ultrasonic Methods in Evaluation of Inhomogeneous Materials written by A. Alippi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the School, the content of which is reflected in this book, is to bring together experiences and knowledge of those acousticians who are particularly sensible to materials and their properties, specifically to those materials that may be called inhomo geneous. The two things together: acoustics and inhomogeneity, define factually a dimension less parameter, AI a, which is the ratio between the sound wavelength and the spatial length of the material where its physical characteristics notably change. An implicit defmition is, therefore, at hand for an inhomogeneous medium, which has the characteristic of a condi tioned definition and sets a looser constraint to the otherwise strict statement of invariance under translations. Composite, biologicai, porous, stratified materials are in the list of inhomogeneous materials, whose technological or structural interest has grown greatly in recent times. Ul trasonic waves offer a means for their investigation, which is valuable for it can be non destructive, continuous in time, spatially localized, dependent on the size of inhomoge neities.
Download or read book Superfluid Helium Acoustic Microscopy written by John Stuart Foster and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acoustical Imaging written by Eric Ash and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of images by ultrasound is a fascinating study, with well-established, yet rapidly growing, applic ations in medicine and with increasing relevance to a surprisingly disparate set of problems in the non-destructive examination of materials and components. The present volume is a record of the research presented at the Twelfth International Symposium on Acoustic Imaging, held in London during July 1982. Whilst, therefore, it offers primarily a snap-shot in time of a rapidly developing field, it is so organized that it will also serve as a high-speed entry into the literature for someone embarking, for the first time, on· researches in this branch of applied science. As in previous volumes, some of the work reported is concerned with topics which, whilst of critical importance to the performance of any imaging system, - e.g. transducers, signal processing may not address themselves to image formation per se. A new departure is the inclusion of photo-acoustic imaging a subject of rapidly growing importance for many of the same application areas relevant to acoustical imaging.
Download or read book Microstructure and Properties of High Temperature Superconductors written by I. A. Parinov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main features of high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) that define their properties are intrinsic brittleness of oxide cuprates, the layered anisotropic structure and the supershort coherence length. Taking into account these features, this treatise presents research into HTSC microstructure and properties, and also explores the possibilities of optimization of the preparation techniques and superconducting compositions. The "composition-technique-experiment-theory-model," employed here, assumes considerable HTSC defectiveness and structure heterogeneity and helps to draw a comprehensive picture of modern representations of the microstructure, strength and the related structure-sensitive properties of the materials considered. Special attention is devoted to the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O families, which currently offer the most promising applications. Including a great number of illustrations and references, this monograph addresses students, post-graduate students and specialists, taking part in the development, preparation and research of new materials. The new edition had been updated intensively, especially experimental investigations and modeling conductive and elastic properties of HTC superconductors have been added.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Symposium on Low Temperature Electronic Device Operation written by Daniel Foty and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ultrasonics written by Dale Ensminger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery. Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.
