Download or read book Acinetobacter baumannii The Rise of a Resistant Pathogen written by Karyne Rangel and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-02-07 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acinetobacter baumannii is a formidable global pathogen notorious for its widespread drug-resistant nature. It is a major culprit in various infections, particularly targeting immunocompromised individuals in intensive care units (ICUs). A paramount concern associated with this pathogen lies in its remarkable ability to develop resistance to nearly all clinically utilized antibiotics. Furthermore, it exhibits a concerning propensity to disseminate this resistance rapidly, transcending borders and impacting healthcare facilities across diverse economic strata. Of particular focus is the carbapenem-resistant strain of A. baumannii (CRAb). This strain has garnered the top spot on the World Health Organization's (WHO) list of pathogens, necessitating urgent attention for new treatment development. This book delves into numerous studies underscoring the pivotal role of A. baumannii as one of the most impactful bacteria contributing to Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) within the contemporary healthcare landscape.
Download or read book Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter From Drug Resistance to Pathogenesis written by Ghassan M. Matar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are among the most common non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired infections, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The treatment of infections caused by these bacteria is complicated due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance as the two species are noted for their intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents and their ability to acquire genetic elements that encode for resistance determinants. In both species, resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobial agents can seriously compromise the ability to treat infected patients, especially the immunocompromised. Consequently, very few antimicrobials remain as treatment options. Mechanisms of resistance in both of these pathogens include the production of β-lactamases and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes as well as reduced or lack of expression of outer membrane proteins, mutations in topoisomerases, and up-regulation of efflux pumps. To that purpose, the findings of the studies included in this book deal with the prevalence of resistant isolates to various antimicrobial agents in both P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, their underlying mechanisms of resistance, their virulence factors, their pathogenesis, and prospective treatment options. Special thanks are due to Mr. Bassam El-Hafi for facilitating procedures involved in this publication.
Download or read book Acinetobacter Molecular Microbiology written by Ulrike Gerischer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise volume reviews the most current and topical aspects of Acinetobacter genetics and molecular biology and is aimed at a readership of research scientists, graduate students and other specialists. Expert international authors have contributed chapters on diverse topics including taxonomy, lipopolysaccharides, catabolism of aromatic compounds, transformation systems, transcriptional regulation, applications in biotechnology, the molecular basis for virulence and pathogenicity, molecular epidemiology, and antibiotic resistance. This book is highly recommended for anyone involved in Aci.
Download or read book Acinetobacter written by E. Bergogne-Berezin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acinetobacter details the clinical aspects of this bacterium responsible for many infections in hospitalized patients. This reference explains the importance of these organisms, both from the patient's viewpoint and the economic perspective, and provides clinicians with the knowledge they need to control these bacteria.
Download or read book Acinetobacter baumannii written by Indranil Biswas and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2019-02-24 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume serves clinicians and basic science researchers studying the increasingly antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii. Chapters detail microbiological techniques, biochemical techniques, clinical samples, and next generation omics techniques to characterize the organism at the molecular level. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Acinetobacter baumannii: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this high priority area of antibiotic study.
Download or read book Bacterial Pathogenomics written by Mark J. Pallen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This landmark volume details progress in the fast-changing world of bacterial genomics and it includes contributions from a team of over forty world-renowned authors.
Download or read book Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters
Download or read book Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control written by Steven L. Percival and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofilms in Infection and Disease Control: A Healthcare Handbook outlines the scientific evidence and rationale for the prevention of infection, the role biofilms play in infection control, and the issues concerning their resistance to antimicrobials. This book provides practical guidance for healthcare and infection control professionals, as well as students, for preventing and controlling infection. Biofilms are the most common mode of bacterial growth in nature. Highly resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials, biofilms are the source of more than 65 percent of health care associated infections (HCAI), which, according to the WHO, affect 1.4 million people annually. Biofilms are involved in 80 percent of all microbial infections in the body, including those associated with medical devices such as catheters, endotracheal tubes, joint prostheses, and heart valves. Biofilms are also the principle causes of infections of the middle-ear, dental caries, gingivitis, prostatitis and cystic fibrosis. Importantly, biofilms also significantly delay wound healing and reduce antimicrobial efficiency in at-risk or infected skin wounds. Provides specific procedures for controlling and preventing infection Includes case studies of HCAI, and identifies appropriate treatments Presents national government standards for infection prevention and control Includes extensive references and links to websites for further information
Download or read book Acinetobacter written by Eugénie Bergogne-Bérézin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is currently increasing interest concerning the biology and disease caused by Acinetobacter species. Such interest, however, developed relatively slowly because of the necessity to clarify the confusing taxonomy of these organisms. Much work was needed to identify various species as members of this genus, to recognize their epidemiologic profile, their pathogenic role and their increasing importance as multi-antibiotic resistant organisms. In recent years improvement of genetic approaches, recognition of plasmids, integrons and chromosomal sources of resistance mechanisms aroused interest on the role of Acinetobacters in disease by many microbiologists and clinicians, especially internists and infectious disease specialists. In this regard, physicians are frequently confronted with extremely difficult therapeutic approaches for treatment and prevention of severe nosocomial infections due to multi antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter. Moreover, recent observations of community acquired infections have been reported, especially in patients with various risk factors such as immuno-deficiencies. Also, it is now becoming evident that Acinetobacter infections occur frequently in violent situations such as earthquake or war zones. The mechanisms of Acinetobacter virulence are becoming increasingly clear, providing new insights into their pathogenic role in community acquired infections. It is apparent the time is appropriate for detailed review of the increasing knowledge concerning important new information, both clinical and therapeutic, especially information concerning virulence, resistance mechanisms and typing of Acinetobacter spp. Many new findings are accumulating in almost an exponential manner since publication of previous books on this subject in 1991 and 1996.
Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary report published as technical document with reference number: WHO/HSE/PED/AIP/2014.2.
Download or read book Challenges to Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance written by Michael Anderson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible overview of the challenges in tackling AMR, and the economic and policy responses of the 'One Health' approach. It will appeal to policy-makers seeking to strengthen national and local polices tackling AMR, as well as students and academics who want an overview of the latest scientific evidence regarding effective AMR policies.
Download or read book WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food producing animals written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHO has launched new guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals, recommending that farmers and the food industry stop using antibiotics routinely to promote growth and prevent disease in healthy animals. These guidelines aim to help preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics that are important for human medicine by reducing their use in animals.
Download or read book Model Organisms for Microbial Pathogenesis Biofilm Formation and Antimicrobial Drug Discovery written by Busi Siddhardha and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-28 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides essential insights into microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, and the anti-microbial drug resistance of various human pathogens on the basis of various model organisms. The initial sections of the book introduce readers to the mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, anti-microbial drug resistance, and the dynamics of biofilm formation. Due to the emergence of various microbial resistant strains, it is especially important to understand the prognosis for microbial infections, disease progression profiles, and mechanisms of resistance to antibiotic therapy in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In turn, the second part of the book presents a comparative analysis of various animal models to help readers understand microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, anti-microbial drug discovery, anti-biofilm therapeutics, and treatment regimes. Given its scope, the book represents a valuable asset for microbiologists, biotechnologists, medical professionals, drug development researchers, and pharmacologists alike.
Download or read book Toxin Antitoxin Systems in Pathogenic Bacteria written by Juan Carlos Alonso and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, which are ubiquitously present in bacterial genomes, are not essential for normal cell proliferation. The TA systems regulate fundamental cellular processes, facilitate survival under stress conditions, have essential roles in virulence and represent potential therapeutic targets. These genetic TA loci are also shown to be involved in the maintenance of successful multidrug-resistant mobile genetic elements. The TA systems are classified as types I to VI, according to the nature of the antitoxin and to the mode of toxin inhibition. Type II TA systems encode a labile antitoxin and its stable toxin; degradation of the antitoxin renders a free toxin, which is bacteriostatic by nature. A free toxin generates a reversible state with low metabolic activity (quiescence) by affecting important functions of bacterial cells such as transcription, translation, DNA replication, replication and cell-wall synthesis, biofilm formation, phage predation, the regulation of nucleotide pool, etc., whereas antitoxins are toxin inhibitors. Under stress conditions, the TA systems might form networks. To understand the basis of the unique response of TA systems to stress, the prime causes of the emergence of drug-resistant strains, and their contribution to therapy failure and the development of chronic and recurrent infections, must be known in order to grasp how TA systems contribute to the mechanisms of phenotypic heterogeneity and pathogenesis that will enable the rational development of new treatments for infections caused by pathogens.
Download or read book Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health care-associated infections (HAI) are one of the most common adverse events in care delivery and a major public health problem with an impact on morbidity, mortality and quality of life. At any one time, up to 7% of patients in developed and 10% in developing countries will acquire at least one HAI. These infections also present a significant economic burden at the societal level. However, a large percentage are preventable through effective infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. These new guidelines on the core components of IPC programmes at the national and facility level will enhance the capacity of Member States to develop and implement effective technical and behaviour modifying interventions. They form a key part of WHO strategies to prevent current and future threats from infectious diseases such as Ebola, strengthen health service resilience, help combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and improve the overall quality of health care delivery. They are also intended to support countries in the development of their own national protocols for IPC and AMR action plans and to support health care facilities as they develop or strengthen their own approaches to IPC. These are the first international evidence-based guidelines on the core components of IPC programmes. These new WHO guidelines are applicable for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences.
Download or read book Quorum Sensing vs Quorum Quenching A Battle with No End in Sight written by Vipin Chandra Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial relationships with all life forms can be as free living, symbiotic or pathogenic. Human beings harbor 10 times more microbial cells than their own. Bacteria are found on the skin surface, in the gut and other body parts. Bacteria causing diseases are the most worrisome. Most of the infectious diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens with an ability to form biofilm. Bacteria within the biofilm are up to 1000 times more resistant to antibiotics. This has taken a more serious turn with the evolution of multiple drug resistant bacteria. Health Departments are making efforts to reduce high mortality and morbidity in man caused by them. Bacterial Quorum sensing (QS), a cell density dependent phenomenon is responsible for a wide range of expressions such as pathogenesis, biofilm formation, competence, sporulation, nitrogen fixation, etc. Majority of these organisms that are important for medical, agriculture, aquaculture, water treatment and remediation, archaeological departments are: Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Clostridia, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Yersinia spp. Biosensors and models have been developed to detect QS systems. Strategies for inhibiting QS system through natural and synthetic compounds have been presented here. The biotechnological applications of QS inhibitors (QSIs) in diverse areas have also been dealt with. Although QSIs do not affect growth and are less likely to impose selective pressure on bacteria, however, a few reports have raised doubts on the fate of QSIs. This book addresses a few questions. Will bacteria develop mechanisms to evade QSIs? Are we watching yet another defeat at the hands of bacteria? Or will we be acting intelligently and survive the onslaughts of this Never Ending battle?
Download or read book Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, published in 2014, sets out a plan for government work to mitigate the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Direction on the implementation of this strategy is provided in five-year national action plans, the first covering 2015 to 2020, and the second covering 2020 to 2025. Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine evaluates progress made against the national strategy. This report discusses ways to improve detection of resistant infections and estimate the risk to human health from environmental sources of resistance. In addition, the report considers the effect of agricultural practices on human and animal health and animal welfare and ways these practices could be improved, and advises on key drugs and diseases for which animal-specific test breakpoints are needed.
