Download or read book Achieving New Source Performance Standards NSPS Emission Standards Through Integration of Low NOx Burners with an Optimization Plan for Boiler Combustion written by Wayne Penrod and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project was to demonstrate the use of an Integrated Combustion Optimization System to achieve NO{sub X} emission levels in the range of 0.15 to 0.22 lb/MMBtu while simultaneously enabling increased power output. The project plan consisted of the integration of low-NO{sub X} burners and advanced overfire air technology with various process measurement and control devices on the Holcomb Station Unit 1 boiler. The plan included the use of sophisticated neural networks or other artificial intelligence technologies and complex software to optimize several operating parameters, including NO{sub X} emissions, boiler efficiency, and CO emissions. The program was set up in three phases. In Phase I, the boiler was equipped with sensors that can be used to monitor furnace conditions and coal flow to permit improvements in boiler operation. In Phase II, the boiler was equipped with burner modifications designed to reduce NO{sub X} emissions and automated coal flow dampers to permit on-line fuel balancing. In Phase III, the boiler was to be equipped with an overfire air system to permit deep reductions in NO{sub X} emissions. Integration of the overfire air system with the improvements made in Phases I and II would permit optimization of boiler performance, output, and emissions. This report summarizes the overall results from Phases I and II of the project. A significant amount of data was collected from the combustion sensors, coal flow monitoring equipment, and other existing boiler instrumentation to monitor performance of the burner modifications and the coal flow balancing equipment.

Download or read book ACHIEVING NEW SOURCE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS NSPS EMISSION STANDARDS THROUGH INTEGRATION OF LOW NOx BURNERS WITH AN OPTIMIZATION PLAN FOR BOILER COMBUSTION written by David Moyeda and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to demonstrate the use of an Integrated Combustion Optimization System to achieve NO{sub x} emissions levels in the range of 0.15 to 0.22 lb/MMBtu while simultaneously enabling increased power output. The project consists of the integration of low-NO{sub x} burners and advanced overfire air technology with various process measurement and control devices on the Holcomb Station Unit 1 boiler. The project includes the use of sophisticated neural networks or other artificial intelligence technologies and complex software that can optimize several operating parameters, including NO{sub x} emissions, boiler efficiency, and CO emissions. The program is being performed in three phases. In Phase I, the boiler is being equipped with sensors that can be used to monitor furnace conditions and coal flow to permit improvements in boiler operation. In Phase II, the boiler will be equipped with burner modifications designed to reduce NO{sub x} emissions and automated coal flow dampers to permit on-line fuel balancing. In Phase III, the boiler will be equipped with an overfire air system to permit deep reductions in NO{sub x} emissions to be achieved. Integration of the overfire air system with the improvements made in Phases I and II will permit optimization of the boiler performance, output, and emissions. During this reporting period, efforts were focused on completion of Phase I and Phase II activities. The low-NO{sub x} burner modifications, the coal flow dampers, and the coal flow monitoring system were procured and installed during a boiler outage in March 2003. During this reporting period, optimization tests were performed to evaluate system performance and identify optimum operating conditions for the installed equipment. The overfire air system process design activities and preliminary engineering design were completed.

Download or read book Materials Components in Fossil Energy Applications written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of New Source Performance Standards for Coal fired Utility Boilers Emissions and non air quality environmental impacts written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Energy, Minerals, and Industry and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cost Effective Control of NOx with Integrated Ultra Low NOx Burners and SNCR written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of New Source Performance Standards for Coal fired Utility Boilers written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Energy, Minerals, and Industry and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Air Pollution Impacts of Revised New Source Performance Standards for Industrial Boilers written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since EPA is currently considering a major revision to its strategy for control of emissions from new industrial boilers, a previously reported study was conducted to determine what a variety of new regulatory approaches would buy in terms of pollution reductions. A computerized environmental forecasting model, Strategic Environmental Assessment System (SEAS), was used to estimate changes in emission levels which would result from implementation of a series of six scenarios representing alternative New Source Performance Standards NSPS. A preliminary effort was then made to incorporate the results of long-range environmental trend analysis into the regulatory assessment process. Results of the study indicate that in the industrial fuel combustion sector, increases in sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are projected through 1990 even if the revised NSPS is very strict. Since current State Implementation Plan (SIP) regulations for SO/sub 2/ and Nox are not very stringent, little reduction from old sources occurs. Therefore, increases due to additional combustion of coal (and other fuels) are not offset. Implementation of a strict NSPS has the greatest effect on SO/sub 2/ emissions. By 1990, industrial combustion is expected to contribute up to approximately 20% of total national SO/sub 2/ emissions. In the most stringent scenario, which requires 90% removal of SO/sub 2/ on all boilers greater than 10 MM BTU/Hr (through use of SO/sub 2/ scrubbers), industrial emissions are reduced almost 20%, lowering national emissions by practically 4% in 1990. The effect of a revised NSPS on NOx emissions is quite small. On the national level, particulate matter decreases due to strict control of new sources and are overshadowed by a drastic decline in emissions from old sources as they comply with State Implementation Plan regulations. Emphasis must be placed on sources not stressed in the standards that EPA is considering.

Download or read book Sourcebook NOx Control Technology Data written by Lisa M. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available Information on control of NOx emissions from stationary combustion sources has been compiled to assist new source permitting activities by regulatory agencies. The sources covered are combustion turbines, Internal combustion engines, non-utility boilers and heaters, and waste Incinerators. The report discusses the background of NO, formation in the combustion process, major NO sources, and processes for NOx control. The current status of NO control technology Is discussed and applications to meet permitting requirements Is detailed. Permitted NOx emission levels are summarized by combustion source, fuel type and control technology. Documentation includes references and contacts for further Information.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report on Industrial Boiler New Source Performance Standards written by National Coal Council (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NOx Reduction by Combustion in PC fired Boilers written by Albert D. LaRue and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of New Source Performance Standards for Coal fired Utility Boilers Economic and financial impacts written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Energy, Minerals, and Industry and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Gas Reburning Low NOx Burners on a Wall Fired BoilerPerformance and Economics Report Gas Reburning Low NOx Burner System Cherokee Station Unit 3 Public Service Company of Colorado written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Coal Technology Program (Round 3), aproject was completed to demonstrate control of boiler NOX emissions and to a lesserdegree, due to coal replacement, SO2 emissions. The project involved combining GasReburning with Low NOX Burners (GR-LNB) on a coal-fired electric utility boiler todetermine if high levels of NOX reduction (70%) could be achieved. Sponsors of the projectincluded the U.S. Department of Energy, the Gas Research Institute, Public ServiceCompany of Colorado, Colorado Interstate Gas, Electric Power Research Institute, and theEnergy and Environmental Research Corporation. The GR-LNB demonstration wasperformed on Public Service Company of Colorado's (PSCO) Cherokee Unit#3, locatedin Denver, Colorado. This unit is a 172 MW wall-fired boiler that uses ColoradoBituminous, low-sulfur coal. It had a baseline NOX emission level of 0.73 lb/106 Btu usingconventional burners. Low NOX burners are designed to yield lower NOX emissions than conventional burners. However, the NOX control achieved with this technique is limited to 30-50%. Also, withLNBs, CO emissions can increase to above acceptable standards. Gas Reburning (GR)is designed to reduce NOX in the flue gas by staged fuel combustion. This technologyinvolves the introduction of natural gas into the hot furnace flue gas stream. When combined, GR and LNBs minimize NOX emissions and maintain acceptable levels of COemissions. A comprehensive test program was completed, operating over a wide rangeof boiler conditions. Over 4,000 hours of operation were achieved, providing substantialdata. Measurements were taken to quantify reductions in NOX emissions, the impact onboiler equipment and operability and factors influencing costs. The GR-LNB technologyachieved good NOX emission reductions and the goals of the project were achieved. Although the performance of the low NOX burners (supplied by others) was less thanexpected, a NOX reduction of 65% was achieved at an average gas heat input of 18Y0. Theperformance goal of 70% reduction was met on many test runs, but at a higher reburn gasheat input. S02 emissions, based on coal replacement, were reduced by 18Y0. Theperformance goal of 70% reduction was met on many test runs, but at a higher reburn gasheat input. S02 emissions, based on coal replacement, were reduced by 18Y0. Toward the end of the program, a Second Generation gas injection system was installed. Higher injector gas pressures were used that eliminated the need for flue gas recirculationas used in the first generation design. The Second Generation GR resulted in similar NOXreduction performance as that for the First Generation. With an improvement in the LNBperformance in combination with the new gas injection system, the reburn gas could bereduced to 12.5% of the total boiler heat input to achieve al 64?40 reduction in NO, emissions. In addition, the OFA injectors were modified to provide for better mixing tolower CO emissions.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control written by J. Edward Cichanowicz and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Source Performance Standards Subpart Da written by James Eddinger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Gas Reburning and Low N0x Burners on a Wall Fired Boiler written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Coal Technology Program (Round 3), a project was completed to demonstrate control of boiler emissions that comprise acid rain precursors, especially NOX. The project involved operating gas reburning technology combined with low NO, burner technology (GR-LNB) on a coal-fired utility boiler. Low NOX burners are designed to create less NOX than conventional burners. However, the NO, control achieved is in the range of 30-60-40, and typically 50%. At the higher NO, reduction levels, CO emissions tend to be higher than acceptable standards. Gas Reburning (GR) is designed to reduce the level of NO. in the flue gas by staged fuel combustion. When combined, GR and LNBs work in harmony to both minimize NOX emissions and maintain an acceptable level of CO emissions. The demonstration was performed at Public Service Company of Colorado's (PSCO) Cherokee Unit 3, located in Denver, Colorado. This unit is a 172 MW. wall-fired boiler that uses Colorado bituminous, low-sulfur coal and had a pre GR-LNB baseline NOX emission of 0.73 lb/1 Oe Btu. The target for the project was a reduction of 70 percent in NOX emissions. Project sponsors included the U.S. Department of Energy, the Gas Research Institute, Public Service Company of Colorado, Colorado Interstate Gas, Electric Power Research Institute, and the Energy and Environmental Research Corporation (EER). EER conducted a comprehensive test demonstration program over a wide range of boiler conditions. Over 4,000 hours of operation were achieved. Intensive measurements were taken to quantify the reductions in NOX emissions, the impact on boiler equipment and operability, and all factors influencing costs. The results showed that GR-LNB technology achieved excellent emission reductions. Although the performance of the low NOX burners (supplied by others) was somewhat less than expected, a NOX reduction of 65% was achieved at an average gas heat input of 180A. The performance goal of 70% reduction was met on many test runs, but at higher gas heat inputs. The impact on boiler equipment was determined to be very minimal. Toward the end of the testing, the flue gas recirculation (used to enhance gas penetration into the furnace) system was removed and new high pressure gas injectors were installed. Further, the low NOX burners were modified and gave better NO. reduction performance. These modifications resulted in a similar NO, reduction performance (64%) at a reduced level of gas heat input ( -13Yo). In addition, the OFA injectors were re-designed to provide for better control of CO emissions. Although not a part of this project, the use of natural gas as the primary fuel with gas reburning was also tested. The gas/gas reburning tests demonstrated a reduction in NOX emissions of 43% (0.30 lb/1 OG Btu reduced to 0.17 lb/1 OG Btu) using 7% gas heat input. Economics are a key issue affecting technology development. Application of GR-LNB requires modifications to existing power plant equipment and as a result, the capital and operating costs depend largely on site-specific factors such as: gas availability at the site, gas to coal delivered price differential, sulfur dioxide removal requirements, windbox pressure, existing burner throat diameters, and reburn zone residence time available. Based on the results of this CCT project, EER expects that most GR-LNB installations will achieve at least 60% NOX control when firing 10-15% gas. The capital cost estimate for installing a GR-LNB system on a 300 MW, unit is approximately $25/kW. plus the cost of a gas pipeline (if required). Operating costs are almost entirely related to the differential cost of the natural gas compared to coal.

Download or read book New Source Performance Standards for Industrial Boilers Volume 2 Review of Industry Operating Practices written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The applicability is evaluated of several possible versions of a revised New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for industrial boilers to boilers that are operated according to typical industry practices. A survey of operating practices is presented, and it is concluded that an NSPS that includes too high a percent removal requirement for SO/sub 2/ (90%) might be excessively costly and cause operating problems for the industrial operator. More field evaluations of low excess air and low Btu gasification are required to validate these techniques for pollution control under industrial boiler operating conditions. The cost of two small boilers with no SO/sub 2/ controls was less than one large boiler of twice the capacity with SO/sub 2/ controls. The annual cost of operating and maintaining the control system accounted for the difference.