Download or read book Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wood Bioenergy written by Jay O'Laughlin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Balances of Bioenergy Systems written by Patricia Thornley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse Gases Balance of Bioenergy Systems covers every stage of a bioenergy system, from establishment to energy delivery, presenting a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of all the relevant issues and environmental risks. It also provides an understanding of how these can be practically managed to deliver sustainable greenhouse gas reductions. Its expert chapter authors present readers to the methods used to determine the greenhouse gas balance of bioenergy systems, the data required and the significance of the results obtained. It also provides in-depth discussion of key issues and uncertainties, such as soil, agriculture, forestry, fuel conversion and emissions formation. Finally, international case studies examine typical GHG reduction levels for different systems and highlight best practices for bioenergy GHG mitigation. For bringing together into one volume information from several different fields that was up until now scattered throughout many different sources, this book is ideal for researchers, graduate students and professionals coming into the bioenergy field, no matter their previous background. It will be particularly useful for bioenergy researchers seeking to calculate greenhouse gas balances for systems they are studying. I will also be an important resource for policy makers and energy analysts. Uses a multidisciplinary approach to synthesize the diverse information that is required to competently execute GHG balances for bioenergy systems Presents an in-depth understanding of the science underpinning key issues and uncertainty in GHG assessments of bioenergy systems Includes case studies that examine ways to maximize the GHG reductions delivered by different bioenergy systems
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Download or read book Review of Existing Methods for Carbon Accounting written by David Neil Bird and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation Potential Through the Use of Forest Bioenergy written by Jonathan McKechnie and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Biofuels written by Alexandros Gasparatos and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biofuels are currently in the middle of a heated academic and public policy debate. Biofuel production has increased fivefold in the past decade and is expected to further double by 2020. Most of this expansion will happen in developing nations. This volume is the first of its kind, providing a comprehensive overview of the biofuel debate in developing countries. The chapters are written by a multidisciplinary team of experts, exposing the key drivers and impacts of biofuel production and use. The book covers impacts as diverse as air pollution, biodiversity loss, deforestation, energy security, food security, greenhouse gas emissions, land use change, rural development, water consumption and other socioeconomic issues. Its wide focus accommodates examples from countries in Africa, America and Asia. As such, this book will become an indispensable companion to academics, practitioners and policy makers who wish to know more about biofuel issues in the developing world"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Forest Biomass written by T. Satoo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lord Rutherford has said that all science is either physics or stamp collecting. On that basis the study of forest biomass must be classified with stamp collecting and other such pleasurable pursuits. Japanese scientists have led the world, not only in collecting basic data, but in their attempts to systematise our knowledge of forest biomass. They have studied factors affecting dry matter production of forest trees in an attempt to approach underlying phYf'ical principles. This edition of Professor Satoo's book has been made possible the help of Dr John F. Hosner and the Virginia Poly technical Institute and State University who invited Dr Satoo to Blacksburg for three months in 1973 at about the time when he was in the final stages of preparing the Japanese version. Since then the explosion of world literature on forest biomass has continued to be fired by increasing shortages of timber supplies in many parts of the world as well as by a need to explore renewable sources of energy. In revising the original text I have attempted to maintain the input of Japanese work - much of which is not widely available outside Japan - and to update both the basic information and, where necessary, the conclusions to keep them in tune with current thinking. Those familiar with the Japanese original will find Chapter 3 largely rewritten on the basis of new work - much of which was initiated while Dr Satoo was in Blacksburg.
Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Download or read book Wood Energy in Developed Economies written by Francisco X. Aguilar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a recent resurgence of interest in wood energy as part of a sustainable range of renewable energy options. This book addresses the current gap in the energy and public policy literature for a reference book that compiles the most-recent wood energy assessments, and evaluates current and potential future wood energy uses and the role for public policy to foster efficient use of the most-widely consumed renewable energy in the world. It brings together a group of expert authors covering topics from forest management, operations and engineering, to socio-economics and energy policy perspectives. It thus covers practical issues such as silviculture, harvesting, processing, comparative cost estimates, public policy tools and market effects. As such the book provides a comprehensive review of the complex dimensions of wood energy as well as practical guidance for professionals, researchers and advanced students. It will also provide invaluable guidance for economic development agencies, practitioners and policy-makers, when evaluating the impacts of wider wood energy adoption as part of a strategy for sustainable energy generation. The main focus is on industrialised production and developed economies, particularly the USA and Europe.
Download or read book Carbon Stocks and Flows from Harvest to Disposal in Harvested Wood Products from Ontario and Canada written by Jiaxin Chen and published by . This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report, the authors systematically analyze the biomass carbon (C) conversion of harvested wood products (HWPs) produced from forests in Ontario and, more broadly, in Canada. The major categories of HWPs referred to are lumber, structural panel, non-structural panel, market pulp, newsprint, fine paper, and "other" paper products. The analysis tracks C flow for each product type from forest to harvested biomass, re-allocation of biomass C among HWPs, use of wood residue to produce energy, exports of HWPs from Ontario and Canada, and distribution of HWPs among major end uses. As well, service lives of HWPs, end-of-life disposal, and landfill HWP C stock and landfill methane (CH4) emissions for HWPs produced and used in Ontario/Canada and in countries that import HWPs from Ontario/Canada are assessed.--Document.
Download or read book Estimation Reporting and Accounting of Harvested Wood Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This document provides technical information on estimating, reporting and accounting of harvested wood products. It contains a set of definitions relating to wood products, global data on stocks and trade of wood products and descriptions of methodologies for estimating and measuring carbon stocks contained in these products. It also describes the socio-economic and environmental impacts of different approaches for accounting. Each approach is analysed with regard to the implications of accounting of emissions and removals on prices, demand and supply of wood products, bioenergy, recycling, selected social variables, the environment, incentives created for sustainable forest management, and the emission-limitation targets under the Kyoto Protocol. Examples of the possible effects of different approaches on national greenhouse gas emissions and removals in selected countries are also provided."--Summary.
Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of damage from climate change. Aggressively pursuing a program of emissions abatement or mitigation will show results over a timescale of many decades. How do we actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make a bigger difference more quickly? As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses CDR, the carbon dioxide removal of greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere and sequestration of it in perpetuity. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration introduces possible CDR approaches and then discusses them in depth. Land management practices, such as low-till agriculture, reforestation and afforestation, ocean iron fertilization, and land-and-ocean-based accelerated weathering, could amplify the rates of processes that are already occurring as part of the natural carbon cycle. Other CDR approaches, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration, direct air capture and sequestration, and traditional carbon capture and sequestration, seek to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and dispose of it by pumping it underground at high pressure. This book looks at the pros and cons of these options and estimates possible rates of removal and total amounts that might be removed via these methods. With whatever portfolio of technologies the transition is achieved, eliminating the carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy and transportation systems will pose an enormous technical, economic, and social challenge that will likely take decades of concerted effort to achieve. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration will help to better understand the potential cost and performance of CDR strategies to inform debate and decision making as we work to stabilize and reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.
Download or read book Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage BECCS written by Clair Gough and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-24 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential resource for understanding the potential role for biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in addressing climate change Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) offers a comprehensive review of the characteristics of BECCS technologies in relation to its various applications. The authors — a team of expert professionals — bring together in one volume the technical, scientific, social, economic and governance issues relating to the potential deployment of BECCS as a key approach to climate change mitigation. The text contains information on the current and future opportunities and constraints for biomass energy, explores the technologies involved in BECCS systems and the performance characteristics of a variety of technical systems. In addition, the text includes an examination of the role of BECCS in climate change mitigation, carbon accounting across the supply chain and policy frameworks. The authors also offer a review of the social and ethical aspects as well as the costs and economics of BECCS. This important text: Reveals the role BECCS could play in the transition to a low-carbon economy Discusses the wide variety of technical and non-technical constraints of BECCS Presents the basics of biomass energy systems Reviews the technical and engineering issues pertinent to BECCS Explores the societal implications of BECCS systems Written for academics and research professionals, Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) brings together in one volume the issues surrounding BECCS in an accessible and authoritative manner.
Download or read book An Integrated Forest bioenergy Carbon Accounting Framework written by Shengmao Mu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuel policies encourage the utilization of cellulosic feedstock, in particular wastes from agricultural production, and forest residues from processors and leftover of forestry harvest. However, the GHG balance of various forest residue utilization scenarios is not fully understood, including pile burn (controlled burning of excessive woody biomass), left onsite (decomposition of woody biomass onsite), bioelectricity, and biofuels, I constructed an integrated forest-bioenergy carbon flux framework under two mixed type fuel load reduction management scenarios. The integrated forest-bioenergy carbon flux framework captures both sequestration by the natural growth of trees and emissions by various sources, including processing of biomass, transportation of biomass, fire disturbance, production/combustion of biofuels, harvested wood product processing and usage, decomposition of biomass, landfill emissions, etc. I estimated the net GHG emission differences of various scenarios for the fate of the forest residue by incorporating data uncertainty, between these two management scenarios and the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario, which does not carry out any fuel load reduction treatment (removal of surface forest biomass), with a study period of 40 years using Placer County, California as a case study. After 40 years, pile burn scenario has the greatest GHG emission, while decomposition of woody biomass without utilization has the least net GHG emissions per hectare. However, the differences are very small and the uncertainty in assumptions in the other factors, particularly the net sequestration rate, fire return intervals, and fire emissions, are an order of magnitude larger. In other words, the net GHG differences among various pathways of utilizing forest residues are not significant in the face of uncertainty.
Download or read book Methods for Calculating Forest Ecosystem and Harvested Carbon with Standard Estimates for Forest Types of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents techniques for calculating average net annual additions to carbon in forests and in forest products. Forest ecosystem carbon yield tables, representing stand-level merchantable volume and carbon pools as a function of stand age, were developed for 51 forest types within 10 regions of the United States. Separate tables were developed for afforestation and reforestation. Because carbon continues to be sequestered in harvested wood, approaches to calculate carbon sequestered in harvested forest products are included. Although these calculations are simple and inexpensive to use, the uncertainty of results obtained by using representative average values may be high relative to other techniques that use site- or project-specific data. The estimates and methods in this report are consistent with guidelines being updated for the U.S. Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program and with guidelines developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The CD-ROM included with this publication contains a complete set of tables in spreadsheet format.
Download or read book Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage written by Jose Carlos Magalhaes Pires and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage: Using Natural Resources for Sustainable Development presents the technologies associated with bioenergy and CCS and its applicability as an emissions reduction tool. The book explores existing climate policies and current carbon capture and storage technologies. Sections offer an overview of several routes to use biomass and produce bioenergy through processes with low or even negative CO2 emissions. Associated technology and the results of recent research studies to improve the sustainability of the processes are described, pointing out future trends and needs. This book can be used by bioenergy engineering researchers in industry and academia and by professionals and researchers in carbon capture and storage.
Download or read book Carbon Accounting of Forest Bioenergy written by Alessandro Agostini and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Via a detailed analysis and review of the currently available literature, this work aims at clarifying the phenomena, physical and mathematical, underpinning the methodologies and results in forest bioenergy carbon accounting. The large scale techno-economic models indicate that an increased forest stemwood removal for bioenergy purposes may cause either a decrease of the forest carbon stock (or a lower increase compared to the BAU) or displacement of wood for products. The calculation of biogenic CO2 correction factors or payback times provides results with a large range of variability that depends on the many different characteristics and assumptions on both the bioenergy system and the reference fossil system such as: the fossil fuel replaced, efficiency of the biomass utilization, the future growth rate of the forest, the frequency and intensity of biomass harvests, forest management, the initial landscape carbon stock. However, in most cases, the dedicated harvest of stemwood for bioenergy causes an actual increase in CO2 emissions compared to fossil fuels in the short-term (decades). In the long-term eventually it may generate GHG savings and become carbon neutral (from several decades to centuries). It can be concluded also that the carbon neutrality assumption for forest bioenergy may be misleading and it is fundamental to integrate all the carbon pools in the analysis (above ground biomass, below ground biomass, dead wood, litter, soil and harvested wood products) and their evolution in the time horizon of the analysis for both the bioenergy scenario and the counterfactual. A comprehensive evaluation of the climate impacts of dedicated harvest of stemwood for bioenergy has to integrate also all of the climate forcers (aerosols, ozone precursors and albedo).
