Download or read book Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects in Structural Materials written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication summarizes the findings and conclusions of the IAEA coordinated research project (CRP) on accelerator simulation and theoretical modelling of radiation effects, aimed at supporting Member States in the development of advanced radiation resistant structural materials for implementation in innovative nuclear systems. This aim can be achieved through enhancement of both experimental neutron-emulation capabilities of ion accelerators and improvement of the predictive efficiency of theoretical models and computer codes. This dual approach is challenging but necessary, because outputs of accelerator simulation experiments need adequate theoretical interpretation, and theoretical models and codes need high dose experimental data for their verification. Both ion irradiation investigations and computer modelling have been the specific subjects of the CRP, and the results of these studies are presented in this publication which also includes state-of-the-art reviews of four major aspects of the project: challenges and trends of structural materials development for present and future reactor designs, accelerator methodologies for material testing, multiscale modelling tools, and advanced examination techniques.
Download or read book Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects in Structural Materials written by ... IAEA and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modelling of Radiation Effects smore written by IAEA. and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accelerator and Radiation Physics written by P.K Sarkar and published by ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. This book was released on 2012-07-20 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACCELERATOR AND RADIATION PHYSICS encompasses radiation shielding design and strategies for hadron therapy accelerators, neutron facilities and laser based accelerators. A fascinating article describes detailed transport theory and its application to radiation transport. Detailed information on planning and design of a very high energy proton accelerator can be obtained from the article on radiological safety of J-PARC. Besides safety for proton accelerators, the book provides information on radiological safety issues for electron synchrotron and prevention and preparedness for radiological emergencies. Different methods for neutron dosimetry including LET based monitoring, time of flight spectrometry, track detectors are documented alongwith newly measured experimental data on radiation interaction with dyes, polymers, bones and other materials. Design of deuteron accelerator, shielding in beam line hutches in synchrotron and 14 MeV neutron generator, various radiation detection methods, their characterization, dose mapping procedures and simulation of radiation environment are also discussed.
Download or read book Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of Radiation Effects in Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substantial progress has been made to understanding radiation effects in materials, and in formulating and testing a metallurgical approach for developing radiation-resistant alloys. This understanding is a combination of theoretical modeling with experiments using mixed spectrum fission reactors, fast reactors and ion irradiations. The development of materials with properties to meet the challenges of advanced reactors has four major steps: (1) the development of a mechanistic understanding of the behavior of materials during irradiation in appropriate environments; (2) selection of candidate materials based on physical, chemical, and mechanical properties; (3) development of these candidate materials through compositional and microstructural control to achieve the necessary properties and radiation damage resistance; and (4) the development of a database sufficient to support engineering design, performance analysis, and safety assessment. This paper will present a brief overview of the present understanding of radiation effects in materials, with emphasis on work performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as part of the U.S. fusion materials and basic energy sciences programs. Progress in fundamental understanding of void swelling, phase formation and stability, irradiation creep, and post-irradiation mechanical properties has been gained through comparison of experimental data with the predictions of theoretical models. Applications of the understanding of radiation effects in materials have led to the development of candidate structural materials for use in aggressive radiation environments such as fast breeder reactors and proposed fusion energy systems. Because of the successes associated with the development of radiation resistant austenitic stainless steels, it is believed that these principles will provide the basis for addressing radiation issues in a variety of materials systems.
Download or read book Modelling of Radiation Damage in Fe Cr Alloys written by L. Malerba and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-Cr ferritic/martensitic steels are being considered as structural materials for a large number of future nuclear applications, from fusion to accelerator-driven systems and GenIV reactors. Fe-Cr alloys can be used as model materials to investigate some of the mechanisms governing their microstructure evolution under irradiation and its correlation to changes in their macroscopic properties. Focusing on these alloys, we show an example of how the integration of computer simulation and theoretical models can provide keys for the interpretation of a host of relevant experimental observations. In particular we show that proper accounting for two basic features of these alloys, namely, the existence of a fairly strong attractive interaction between self-interstitials and Cr atoms and of a mixing enthalpy that changes sign from negative to positive around 8 to 10 % Cr, is a necessary and, to a certain extent, sufficient condition to rationalize and understand their behavior under irradiation. These features have been revealed by ab initio calculations, are supported by experimental evidence, and have been adequately transferred into advanced empirical interatomic potentials, which have been and are being used for the simulation of damage production, defect behavior, and phase transformation in these alloys. The results of the simulations have been and are being used to parameterize models capable of extending the description of radiation effects to scales beyond the reach of molecular dynamics. The present paper intends to highlight the most important achievements and results of this research activity.
Download or read book Scientific Papers and Conclusions Presented at the IAEA Technical Meeting TM 34567 on Accelerator Simulation and Theoretical Modeling of Radiation Effect SMoRE Held in Kharkov Ukraine from 9 to 13 June 2008 written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kate and Rosalind Or Early Experiences written by and published by . This book was released on 1853 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors written by Pascal Yvon and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-27 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operating at a high level of fuel efficiency, safety, proliferation-resistance, sustainability and cost, generation IV nuclear reactors promise enhanced features to an energy resource which is already seen as an outstanding source of reliable base load power. The performance and reliability of materials when subjected to the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors are essential areas of study, as key considerations for the successful development of generation IV reactors are suitable structural materials for both in-core and out-of-core applications. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors explores the current state-of-the art in these areas. Part One reviews the materials, requirements and challenges in generation IV systems. Part Two presents the core materials with chapters on irradiation resistant austenitic steels, ODS/FM steels and refractory metals amongst others. Part Three looks at out-of-core materials. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors is an essential reference text for professional scientists, engineers and postgraduate researchers involved in the development of generation IV nuclear reactors. - Introduces the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors and implications for structural materials - Contains chapters on the key core and out-of-core materials, from steels to advanced micro-laminates - Written by an expert in that particular area
Download or read book An Introduction to Nuclear Materials written by K. Linga Murty and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering both fundamental and advanced aspects in an accessible way, this textbook begins with an overview of nuclear reactor systems, helping readers to familiarize themselves with the varied designs. Then the readers are introduced to different possibilities for materials applications in the various sections of nuclear energy systems. Materials selection and life prediction methodologies for nuclear reactors are also presented in relation to creep, corrosion and other degradation mechanisms. An appendix compiles useful property data relevant for nuclear reactor applications. Throughout the book, there is a thorough coverage of various materials science principles, such as physical and mechanical metallurgy, defects and diffusion and radiation effects on materials, with serious efforts made to establish structure-property correlations wherever possible. With its emphasis on the latest developments and outstanding problems in the field, this is both a valuable introduction and a ready reference for beginners and experienced practitioners alike.
Download or read book Single Event Effects from Space to Accelerator Environments written by Ygor Quadros de Aguiar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2025-01-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamental concepts underlying radiation-induced failure mechanisms in electronic components operating in harsh environments, such as in space missions or in particle accelerators. In addition to providing an extensive overview of the dynamics and composition of different radiation environments, the authors discuss the failure mechanisms, known as single-event effects (SEEs), and dedicated failure modeling and prediction methodologies. Additionally, novel radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) techniques at physical layout and circuit levels are described. Readers who are newcomers to this field will learn the fundamental concepts of particle interaction physics and electronics hardening design, starting from the composition and dynamics of radiation environments and their effects on electronics, to the qualification and hardening of components. Experienced readers will enjoy the comprehensive discussion of the state-of-the-art in modeling, simulation, and analysis of radiation effects developed in the recent years, especially the outcome of the recent European project, RADSAGA. Describes both the fundamental concepts underlying radiation effects in electronics and state-of-the-art hardening methodologies Addresses failure mechanisms, known as single-event effects (SEEs), and dedicated failure modeling and prediction methodologies Reveals novel radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) techniques at physical layout and circuit levels Offers readers the first book in which particle accelerator applications will be extensively included in the radiation effects context This is an open access book.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Roger E. Stoller and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1992 with total page 1315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium held in Nashville, Tennessee, June 1990. Almost two-thirds of these 91 papers are authored by researchers outside of the US (including information on research in the former USSR, Japan, and Europe). Topics include: current commercial power reactor systems; microstructural characterization
Download or read book Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering written by Alexander Wu Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this expanded edition of the bestselling Handbook first published in 1999 is aimed at the design and operation of modern accelerators including Linacs, Synchrotrons and Storage Rings. It is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. With a collection of 2200 equations, 345 illustrations and 185 tables, here one will find, in addition to the common formulae of previous compilations, hard to find, specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experience of many of the world's most able practitioners of the art and science of accelerators.The eight chapters include both theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deals with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and calculations are dealt with at length as are the instabilities associated with the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations deals with orbit error assessment and correction. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and important aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement and acceleration (both normal conducting and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a subsystems chapter, beam measurement techniques and apparatus being treated therein as well. The closing chapter gives data and methods for radiation protection computations as well as much data on radiation damage to various materials and devices.A detailed index is provided together with reliable references to the literature where the most detailed information available on all subjects treated can be found.
Download or read book Radiation Effects on Structural Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the following topics on the effect radiation has on thermonuclear reactor materials: Atomic Displacements; Microstructure Evolution; Materials Engineering, Mechanics, and Design; Research on Low-Activation Steels; and Research Motivated by Grant Support.
Download or read book Accelerator Physics written by Ishaq Ahmad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists are continuously improving the accelerator and light source technologies to observe the secret of matter as well as the origin of nature which create new opportunities for accelerator physics research. This book provides a glance view on phase space dynamics of electron beam, motion of relativistic electrons in three-dimensional ideal undulator magnetic field, numerical simulation of electron multi-beam linear accelerator EVT, nuclear safety design of high energy accelerator facilities, and radiation safety aspects of operation of electron linear accelerators. The determination of the structure of biomolecules is presently among the best examples of the application of synchrotron radiation. This book also covers synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction study of mammalian connective tissues and related disease. Furthermore, an overview of the versatile applications of ion beam and synchrotron radiation techniques in hair elemental profiling in biomedical studies is also incorporated in this book.
Download or read book Formation and Growth of Irradiation induced Defect Structures in Ceria written by Bei Ye and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation damage effects are of primary concern for materials used in nuclear energy production. In this study, emphasis was given to the processes of formation and growth of radiation-induced defect structures in oxide fuels. Due to the natural complexity of oxide fuels, which consist of both a metal sublattice and an oxygen sublattice, radiation effects are much more complex in oxides than in metals. As a result, there are many radiation effects that are still not well understood despite numerous research efforts engaged in the past. This study was aimed to help clarify some of these effects, such as the evolution process of dislocation structures during irradiation and how it is affected by various irradiation conditions. In order to develop an understanding of the radiation damage process in the common fluorite-type ceramic oxide fuel, ceria (CeO2) was selected as a surrogate material of UO2 for this study. According to previous studies, ceramic materials with a fluorite crystal structure possess high radiation tolerance. Using CeO2 single crystals allowed for the observation of the intrinsic behavior of defects while excludes the effects of grain boundaries. To reveal the basic mechanisms responsible for the evolution of microstructure induced by irradiations, a group of coordinated experiments were designed by incorporating multiple techniques consisting of ion irradiation, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ex situ TEM observation. Radiation damage in the materials was induced by irradiating them with krypton and xenon ions from an accelerator. Irradiation experiments were conducted at three temperature regimes: room temperature, 600°C and 800°C, in order to inspect the temperature dependence of atomic defect transportation. Ion energies were carefully chosen for low and high energy irradiations in order to produce a deposited ion peak within the specimen at low energy and a uniform distribution of defects at high energy. In situ TEM analysis was used in order to take advantage of real-time recording of defect nucleation and growth under gas ion irradiation, and ex situ TEM analysis was used to characterize the radiation-induced features at high image resolution along with complementary elemental analysis techniques such as X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). In addition to the experimental investigation, a rate theory model, as a part of the multi-scale simulation approach, was employed to study the growth behaviors of dislocation loops. The computational results were found to be consistent with the experimental observations.
Download or read book Radiation Effects at a High Power Accelerator and Applications to Advanced Energy Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many materials are exposed to atom-displacing radiation at high-power accelerators such as the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF). Beam current densities in the 800-MeV proton beam vary from 12.5 mA cm−2 (8 × 1016 p/cm2s) on graphite targets to 20-[mu]A cm−2 (1.3 × 1014 p/cm2s) on metal-alloy windows. High-level radiation damage results from these particle fluxes. As a consequence of secondary-particle generation in targets and windows and low-level beam losses that lead to particle interactions with structural material, various components are exposed to low-level proton fluxes, gamma radiation, and neutron fluxes of 106--101° n/cm2s. These include vacuum seals and vacuum chambers of stainless steel and aluminum alloys, solid-state devices for control, diagnostic, and data acquisition electronics, closed-loop cooling-water systems, and insulators. Properties of these materials are degraded by the radiation exposure. Studies of LAMPF and other accelerators, however, have produced solutions to materials problems, allowing the machines to operate for acceptable times without failure. Nevertheless, additional improvements are being investigated in order to further improve operational reliability and safety. 25 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
