Download or read book Accelerated carbonation and possible approach to prediction of service life of concrete masonry written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accelerated Carbonation and Possible Approach to Prediction of Service Life of Concrete Masonry written by Akio Baba and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book BRI Research Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cementitious Materials written by Herbert Pöllmann and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aside from water the materials which are used by mankind in highest quantities arecementitious materials and concrete. This book shows how the quality of the technical product depends on mineral phases and their reactions during the hydration and strengthening process. Additives and admixtures infl uence the course of hydration and the properties. Options of reducing the CO2-production in cementitious materials are presented and numerous examples of unhydrous and hydrous phases and their formation conditions are discussed. This editorial work consists of four parts including cement composition and hydration, Special cement and binder mineral phases, Cementitious and binder materials, and Measurement and properties. Every part contains different contributions and covers a broad range within the area. Contents Part I: Cement composition and hydration Diffraction and crystallography applied to anhydrous cements Diffraction and crystallography applied to hydrating cements Synthesis of highly reactive pure cement phases Thermodynamic modelling of cement hydration: Portland cements – blended cements – calcium sulfoaluminate cements Part II: Special cement and binder mineral phases Role of hydrotalcite-type layered double hydroxides in delayed pozzolanic reactions and their bearing on mortar dating Setting control of CAC by substituted acetic acids and crystal structures of their calcium salts Crystallography and crystal chemistry of AFm phases related to cement chemistry Part III: Cementitious and binder materials Chemistry, design and application of hybrid alkali activated binders Binding materials based on calcium sulphates Magnesia building material (Sorel cement) – from basics to application New CO2-reduced cementitious systems Composition and properties of ternary binders Part IV: Measurement and properties Characterization of microstructural properties of Portland cements by analytical scanning electron microscopy Correlating XRD data with technological properties No cement production without refractories
Download or read book Model Code for Service Life Design written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: fib Bulletin 34 addresses Service Life Design (SLD) for plain concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete structures, with a special focus on design provisions for managing the adverse effects of degradation. Its objective is to identify agreed durability related models and to prepare the framework for standardization of performance based design approaches. Four different options for SLD are given: - a full probabilistic approach, - a semi probabilistic approach (partial factor design), - deemed to satisfy rules, - avoidance of deterioration. The service life design approaches described in this document may be applied for the design of new structures, for updating the service life design if the structure exists and real material properties and/or the interaction of environment and structure can be measured (real concrete covers, carbonation depths), and for calculating residual service life. The bulletin is divided into five chapters: 1. General 2. Basis of design 3. Verification of Service Life Design 4. Execution and its quality management 5. Maintenance and condition control It also includes four informative annexes, which give background information and examples of procedures and deterioration models for the application in SLD. The format of Bulletin 34 follows the CEB-FIP tradition for Model Codes: the main provisions are given on the right-hand side of the page, and on the left-hand side, the comments. Note: An Italian translation of Bulletin 34 is also available; contact us for further details.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Cement and Concrete Utilization of blended materials in cement and concrete Concrete and concrete products Cement based composite and other cementitious materials written by Wu Zhaoqi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Uptake During Concrete Life Cycle written by Björn Lagerblad and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonation results when carbonate ions from dissolved carbon dioxide react with the Ca ions of the cement paste and precipitate calcium carbonate. By time all Ca-bearing cement hydrates will decompose and form calcite. The end product will apart from calcite be silica gels, metal hydroxides and clays. Carbon dioxide and water can be found in almost every environment and thus all concretes will be subjected to carbonation. The cement paste will in the course of time go back to the basic components in cement production. Therefore, the question is not if concrete and other cementitious products will carbonate, but how fast they will carbonate. In geological terns the cement paste turns into marly limestone and the concrete into marly agglomerate. Old Roman concrete structures are basically such a rock. Carbonation is a process from the surface, i.e. the amount of carbonated material is related to exposure time and surface. Surfaces in direct contact with carbon dioxide and water will carbonate rapidly but a shell of already carbonated concrete will slow down the carbonation of the interior. Thus to be able to calculate the CO2-uptake we must know the transport mechanism of carbon dioxide and carbonate ions through the already altered product. The process of passing a shell of already carbonated concrete is complex. The speed of carbonation is apart from the amount of CO2 in the environment also governed by the size and geometry of the porosity, the degree of water saturation, the type of cement/binder, the temperature, etc. Even concrete submerged in water or buried in soil will carbonate but at a slow speed due to biological degradation and the slowness of exchange reactions between water and the gases in the atmosphere. To be able to calculate CO2 uptake one must consider the microclimate at individual concrete surfaces, concrete qualities and cement/binder types in a time frame. Thus approximations are needed. In the general case assuming a similar environment and concrete quality the carbonation rate slows down with the square root of time. By choosing the most common types of concrete structures, estimating the exposed surfaces in different environments and concrete qualities it is possible to get a good estimate of the rate of carbon dioxide uptake. As a consequence of the rapidly decreasing rate of carbonation one can assume that most of the carbonation of concrete structures takes place during the first 50 years and after demolition as this will increase the surfaces dramatically. One must, however, also consider that the types of cement and quality of the concrete have changed and will change over time. Thus there will be a difference between how much is taken up today and how much that will be taken up in 50 years from now. Concrete is a fairly modern material and most concrete structures still remain but we can expect the amount of demolished concrete to increase in the future. A guess is that a 100-year perspective most concrete structures that exist today will probably be demolished and most of the carbonate rock calcinated during cement production will be back as a carbonate rock. To be able to calculate the carbonation rate some simplifications are needed. In this report concrete strength is used as a substitute for porosity and from literature data constants for different environmental classes are selected. The influence of different cements and additions is handled by correction factors.
Download or read book Performance Based Specifications and Control of Concrete Durability written by Hans Beushausen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work gives an overview of significant research from recent years concerning performance-based design and quality control for concrete durability and its implementation. In engineering practice, performance approaches are often still used in combination with prescriptive requirements. This is largely because, for most durability test methods, sufficient practical experience still has to be gained before engineers and owners are prepared to fully rely on them. This book, compiled by RILEM TC 230-PSC, is intended to assist efforts to successfully build the foundation for the full implementation of performance-based approaches through the exchange of relevant knowledge and experience between researchers and practitioners worldwide.
Download or read book 10th International Conference on Theory and Application of Soft Computing Computing with Words and Perceptions ICSCCW 2019 written by Rafik A. Aliev and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 997 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 10th Conference on Theory and Applications of Soft Computing, Computing with Words and Perceptions, ICSCCW 2019, held in Prague, Czech Republic, on August 27–28, 2019. It includes contributions from diverse areas of soft computing and computing with words, such as uncertain computation, decision-making under imperfect information, neuro-fuzzy approaches, deep learning, natural language processing, and others. The topics of the papers include theory and applications of soft computing, information granulation, computing with words, computing with perceptions, image processing with soft computing, probabilistic reasoning, intelligent control, machine learning, fuzzy logic in data analytics and data mining, evolutionary computing, chaotic systems, soft computing in business, economics and finance, fuzzy logic and soft computing in earth sciences, fuzzy logic and soft computing in engineering, fuzzy logic and soft computing in material sciences, soft computing in medicine, biomedical engineering, and pharmaceutical sciences. Showcasing new ideas in the field of theories of soft computing and computing with words and their applications in economics, business, industry, education, medicine, earth sciences, and other fields, it promotes the development and implementation of these paradigms in various real-world contexts. This book is a useful guide for academics, practitioners and graduates.
Download or read book Durability of Building Materials Components 7 vol 2 written by Christer Sjostrom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2004. In the process of harmonising the wide-ranging interests in this field, the series of international conferences Durability of Building Materials and Components, of which this is the seventh, has played a decisive role by bridging between different material and product areas and by giving researchers and practitioners an opportunity to meet every third year to discuss the latest R&D achievements. This conference covers a number of themes ranging from theoretical aspects of service life prediction to the practical implementation of knowledge on durability of building products in standards. This collection is the proceedings and will serve as a valuable reference to all interested in the wide and stimulating area of durability and service life prediction in building and construction. This is Volume Two on Testing, Design and Standardisation.
Download or read book Durability of Building Materials Components 7 vol 1 written by C Sjostrom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2004. This volume presents the proceedings of the seventh Conference on the Durability of Building Materials and Components, held in May 1996. Emphasis is given to service life data and in-service performance, and the text reflects current research activity in these areas.
Download or read book Durability of Building Materials and Components 7 written by Christer Sjostrom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-01-14 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These books contain articles on R&D into the major aspects of durability and service life prediction of building materials and components, as well as theoretical aspects of methods and modelling of prediction, description of degradation environment by use GIS, as practical implementation of knowledge on durability in maintenance procedures and in standardisation and regulations.
Download or read book Life Cycle Analysis and Assessment in Civil Engineering Towards an Integrated Vision written by Robby Caspeele and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers presented at IALCCE2018, the Sixth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE2018), held in Ghent, Belgium, October 28-31, 2018. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB device with full papers including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, 8 keynote lectures, and 390 technical papers from all over the world. Contributions relate to design, inspection, assessment, maintenance or optimization in the framework of life-cycle analysis of civil engineering structures and infrastructure systems. Life-cycle aspects that are developed and discussed range from structural safety and durability to sustainability, serviceability, robustness and resilience. Applications relate to buildings, bridges and viaducts, highways and runways, tunnels and underground structures, off-shore and marine structures, dams and hydraulic structures, prefabricated design, infrastructure systems, etc. During the IALCCE2018 conference a particular focus is put on the cross-fertilization between different sub-areas of expertise and the development of an overall vision for life-cycle analysis in civil engineering. The aim of the editors is to provide a valuable source of cutting edge information for anyone interested in life-cycle analysis and assessment in civil engineering, including researchers, practising engineers, consultants, contractors, decision makers and representatives from local authorities.
Download or read book Life Cycle Analysis and Assessment in Civil Engineering Towards an Integrated Vision written by Robby Caspeele and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 3160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers presented at IALCCE2018, the Sixth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE2018), held in Ghent, Belgium, October 28-31, 2018. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB device with full papers including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, 8 keynote lectures, and 390 technical papers from all over the world. Contributions relate to design, inspection, assessment, maintenance or optimization in the framework of life-cycle analysis of civil engineering structures and infrastructure systems. Life-cycle aspects that are developed and discussed range from structural safety and durability to sustainability, serviceability, robustness and resilience. Applications relate to buildings, bridges and viaducts, highways and runways, tunnels and underground structures, off-shore and marine structures, dams and hydraulic structures, prefabricated design, infrastructure systems, etc. During the IALCCE2018 conference a particular focus is put on the cross-fertilization between different sub-areas of expertise and the development of an overall vision for life-cycle analysis in civil engineering. The aim of the editors is to provide a valuable source of cutting edge information for anyone interested in life-cycle analysis and assessment in civil engineering, including researchers, practising engineers, consultants, contractors, decision makers and representatives from local authorities.
Download or read book A Review of Carbonation in Reinforced Concrete written by L. J. Parrott and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the damage that can arise when concrete cover becomes carbonated and the underlying reinforcing steel corrodes. It includes a description of what is known of carbonation from laboratory tests, a compilation and assessment of field data, reports of carbonation-induced damage in reinforced concrete and conclusions regarding present understanding and future research needs.
Download or read book Failure Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures written by Norb Delatte and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and recognising failure mechanisms in concrete is a fundamental pre-requisite to determining the type of repair, or whether a repair is feasible. This title provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage, as well as looking at the problem of defects in concrete. It also discusses condition assessment and repair techniques. Part one discusses failure mechanisms in concrete and covers topics such as causes and mechanisms of deterioration in reinforced concrete, types of damage in concrete structures, types and causes of cracking and condition assessment of concrete structures. Part two reviews the repair of concrete structures with coverage of themes such as standards and guidelines for repairing concrete structures, methods of crack repair, repair materials, bonded concrete overlays, repairing and retrofitting concrete structures with fiber-reinforced polymers, patching deteriorated concrete structures and durability of repaired concrete. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Failure and repair of concrete structures is a standard reference for civil engineers, architects and anyone working in the construction sector, as well as those concerned with ensuring the safety of concrete structures. Provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage Discusses condition assessment and repair techniques, standards and guidelines
Download or read book Handbook of Low Carbon Concrete written by Ali Nazari and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Low Carbon Concrete brings together the latest breakthroughs in the design, production, and application of low carbon concrete. In this handbook, the editors and contributors have paid extra attention to the emissions generated by coarse aggregates, emissions due to fine aggregates, and emissions due to cement, fly ash, GGBFS, and admixtures. In addition, the book provides expert coverage on emissions due to concrete batching, transport and placement, and emissions generated by typical commercially produced concretes. Includes the tools and methods for reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases Explores technologies, such as carbon capture, storage, and substitute cements Provides essential data that helps determine the unique factors involved in designing large, new green cement plants
