Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than Manure"!(MTM"!, Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial
Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than ManureTM (MTMTM), Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial.
Download or read book Animal Manure Recycling written by Sven G. Sommer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-15 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly changing and expanding livestock and poultry production sector is causing a range of environmental problems on local, regional and global scales. Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents an accessible overview of environmentally friendly technologies for managing animal manure more efficiently and in a sustainable manner. The book describes the physical and chemical characteristics of animal manure and microbial processes, featuring detailed examples and case studies showing how this knowledge can be used in practice. Readers are introduced to the sustainable use of animal manure for crop fertilisation and soil amelioration. Environmentally friendly technologies for reducing emissions of ammonia, odour and the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide and methane are presented, and reduction of plant nutrient losses using separation technologies is introduced. Finally and most importantly, the book describes methods to commercialise and transfer knowledge about innovations to end-users. Topics covered include: Regulation of animal manure management Manure organic matter: characteristics and microbial transformations Greenhouse gas emissions from animal manures and technologies for their reduction Technologies and logistics for handling, transport and distribution of animal manures Bioenergy production Animal manure residue upgrading and nutrient recovery in bio-fertilisers Life cycle assessment of manure management systems Innovation in animal manure management and recycling Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents state-of-the-art coverage of the entire animal manure chain, providing practical information for engineers, environmental consultants, academics and advanced students involved in scientific, technical and regulatory issues related to animal manure management.
Download or read book Ammonia emissions in agriculture written by Gert-Jan Monteny and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ammonia emissions is an important topic in many countries with animal production, since it contributes to environmental and health problems. Strategies and measures to reduce ammonia emission are getting increasing attention in national and international legislation. This book aims to bring together visions and knowledge from scientists, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders around the subject of NH3 emissions from agricultural operations and its reduction options. It also offers a basis for international harmonization on various NH3 emission related topics (e.g. national emission inventories, measurement techniques and strategies, data on emissions and reductions) and, last but not least, it provides an update of science concerning NH3 and related environmental issues. The focus of this publication is on NH3 emissions from various agricultural sources (grazing, animal housing, manure storage, land application of manures), and the options for their reduction in a farm system approach. Also, multiple gaseous emissions, their reduction options and pollution swapping issues are addressed. Environmental impact and health related effects of NH3 are briefly addressed. In conclusion, this book gives an overview of the current knowledge about ammonia emissions and how we can implement this knowledge in current agricultural systems."
Download or read book Effect of Manure Treatment of Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emissions During Storage and After Land Application written by Fei Sun and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Costs of Ammonia Abatement and the Climate Co Benefits written by Stefan Reis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the costs involved in reducing ammonia emissions from agricultural practices as well as the potential benefits for climate change mitigation. It features contributions by experts in agricultural production processes, producers of agricultural equipment and service providers as well as scientists who assess the issue from an European perspective. Coverage examines all agricultural production stages starting from animal feed and housing, including the storage and application of liquid and solid manure and of mineral fertilizer. In addition, the book looks at the relationship between ammonia control and greenhouse gas emissions and details the GAINS (Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies) model for estimating costs and reducing ammonia emissions from agriculture. Examples and case studies from select European countries, including Italy, Switzerland, Russia, Ireland, and Spain, provide readers with detailed studies of ammonia abatement costs and the effectiveness of implementing control measures under different conditions. This book is the result of an Expert Workshop held under the auspices of the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) and organised by the Task Force on Reactive Nitrogen (TFRN). The findings of this workshop have informed the development of documents supporting the revision of the Gothenburg Protocol and provided researchers and practitioners with vital new data. Bringing together a wealth of key information on the costs of ammonia abatement and the climate co-benefits, this monograph provides readers with deep insight into this complex issue.
Download or read book Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse gas emissions by the livestock sector could be cut by as much as 30 percent through the wider use of existing best practices and technologies. FAO conducted a detailed analysis of GHG emissions at multiple stages of various livestock supply chains, including the production and transport of animal feed, on-farm energy use, emissions from animal digestion and manure decay, as well as the post-slaughter transport, refrigeration and packaging of animal products. This report represents the most comprehensive estimate made to-date of livestocks contribution to global warming as well as the sectors potential to help tackle the problem. This publication is aimed at professionals in food and agriculture as well as policy makers.
Download or read book Abatement Techniques for Reducing Emissions from Livestock Buildings written by Mohamed Samer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-10 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies future scientific research priorities for developing emissions inventories, emissions abatement techniques and mitigation strategies in order to improve and sustain livestock production that is in line with climate change adaptation. Livestock production is a major source of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and ammonia, all of which directly contribute to global warming and climate change. Air pollutant emissions from agricultural practices have a negative environmental impact and are of relevant political importance, as highlighted in both the Kyoto and Gothenburg Protocols. This book provides solutions on how to abate these emissions by using effective abatement techniques such as additives, manure storage covers, aerobic and anaerobic treatments, and dietary manipulation. Each chapter in the book provides valuable, up-to-date information on abatement techniques, thus allowing the reader to better understand the issues involved. Recent advances and new perspectives in the field are also discussed.
Download or read book Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production written by Pierre J. Gerber and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of nutritional, manure and animal husbandry practices for mitigating methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - i.e. non-carbon dioxide (CO2) - GHG emissions from livestock production. These practices were categorized into enteric CH4, manure management and animal husbandry mitigation practices. Emphasis was placed on enteric CH4 mitigation practices for ruminant animals (only in vivo studies were considered) and manure mitigation practices for both ruminant and monogastric species. Over 900 references were reviewed; simulation and life cycle assessment analyses were generally excluded
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Manure Management Systems written by Horacio Aguirre-Villegas and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ammonia Emissions Management and Modeling from Storages of Dairy Manure written by Venkata Kumar Vaddella and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing the Balance Between Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia Emissions from Irish Pastures Amended with Cattle Slurry written by Frédéric Bourdin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture in Ireland is the main source of ammonia (NH3) and contributes 30% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), with the majority of these emissions associated with livestock production. As a result, strategies promoting reductions in NH3 and GHG emissions are required. The aim of this work was: (i) to assess the impact of various NH3 abatement techniques on GHG release from a grassland soil; (ii) to investigate the consequences of organic nitrogen (N) applications in terms of carbon (C) sequestration in soils. The effects of slurry dry-matter content, application technique and timing of application were studied in a fifteen month field-plot experiment where gaseous emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4 and NH3) post-application were monitored. The natural abundance 13C tracer technique was also used to investigate the short-term dynamic of slurry-derived C and its consequences on soil CO2 efflux. Finally, 15N labelled slurries, supplemented or not with an additional C substrate, were used in a lysimeter study, under controlled conditions, to characterise the interactions between soil C and N processes post-organic fertilisation. Trailing-shoe application technique was shown to be and efficient way to lower NH3 volatilisation from land spread slurry. However, such benefice could be easily offset by an increase in direct N2O emissions and ecosystem respiration. Conversely, adjusting the timing of slurry spreading to get favourable soil and weather conditions, and to better meet herbage N requirements, had a positive effect on field N balance through a simultaneous reduction of both NH3 and N2O emissions. Emission factors (EF) calculated for slurry-induced N2O emissions were significantly lower than those calculated for mineral fertiliser and were greatly affected by weather and soil conditions. Such results support the widely spread idea of an inappropriate use of a single default EF value of 1% for both fertiliser types, under the IPCC Tier 1 methodology for national GHG inventories, and calls for the development of region-specific emission factors based on local soil types and climatic conditions. About 60% of slurry-derived C was shown to remain in the soil, even after 6 months, thus contributing to an increase of SOC pools. However, such incorporation of slurry-derived C may be offset by a positive priming effect of slurry on the degradation of the SOM. Such short-term priming of soil CO2 efflux may be, under certain conditions, compensated by a subsequent negative PE, thus minimising the impact of such phenomenon on the long-term sequestration of added slurry C. The long-term impact of these priming effects on nutrient and GHG balances remains to be further investigated, as these phenomena may occur on a regular basis in grassland ecosystems.
Download or read book Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs discusses the need for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to implement a new method for estimating the amount of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and other pollutants emitted from livestock and poultry farms, and for determining how these emissions are dispersed in the atmosphere. The committee calls for the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to establish a joint council to coordinate and oversee short - and long-term research to estimate emissions from animal feeding operations accurately and to develop mitigation strategies. Their recommendation was for the joint council to focus its efforts first on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to the environment and public health.
Download or read book RAMIRAN 2017 Sustainable Utilisation of Manures and Residue Resources in Agriculture written by Tom Misselbrook and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook presents highlight papers from the 17th International conference of the Recycling of Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues to Agriculture Network (RAMIRAN) that was held in Wexford, Ireland in September 2017. The book contains a broad range of papers around this multidisciplinary theme covering topics including regional and national organic resource use planning, impact of livestock diet on manure composition, fate and utilisation of excreta from grazing livestock, anaerobic digestion, overcoming barriers to resource reuse, hygienic aspects of residue recycling and impacts on soil health. The overarching theme being addressed is the sustainable recycling of organic residues to agriculture, to promote effective nutrient use and minimise environmental impact.
Download or read book The European Nitrogen Assessment written by Mark A. Sutton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.
Download or read book Mitigation of Particulate Matter Ammonia and Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Dairy Drylot Corrals written by Andrea Lynn Schnitz and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Volume 2 written by Eric Lichtfouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-09 with total page 985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers review articles that analyze current agricultural issues and knowledge, then propose alternative solutions. It will therefore help all scientists, decision-makers, professors, farmers and politicians who wish to build a safe agriculture, energy and food system for future generations.
