Download or read book A Thermal Infrared Radiation Parameterization for Atmospheric Studies written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical memorandum documents the longwave radiation parameterization developed at the Climate and Radiation Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, for a wide variety of weather and climate applications. Based on the 1996-version of the Air Force Geophysical Laboratory HITRAN data, the parameterization includes the absorption due to major gaseous absorption (water vapor, CO2, O3) and most of the minor trace gases (N2O, CH4, CFCs), as well as clouds and aerosols. The thermal infrared spectrum is divided into nine bands. To achieve a high degree of accuracy and speed, various approaches of computing the transmission function are applied to different spectral bands and gases. The gaseous transmission function is computed either using the k-distribution method or the table look-up method. To include the effect of scattering due to clouds and aerosols, the optical thickness is scaled by the single-scattering albedo and asymmetry factor. The parameterization can accurately compute fluxes to within 1% of the high spectral-resolution line-by-line calculations. The cooling rate can be accurately computed in the region extending from the surface to the 0.01-hPa level.Chou, Ming-Dah and Suarez, Max J. and Liang, Xin-Zhong and Yan, Michael M.-H. and Cote, Charles (Technical Monitor)Goddard Space Flight CenterINFRARED RADIATION; PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; LONG WAVE RADIATION; AEROSOLS; TRACE ELEMENTS; SPECTRAL BANDS; CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY)

Download or read book An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation written by K. N. Liou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-04-29 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of radiation for atmospheric applications -- Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere -- Absorption and scattering of solar radiation in the atmosphere -- Thermal infrared radiation transfer in the atmosphere -- Light scattering by atmospheric particulates -- Principles of radiative transfer in planetary atmospheres -- Application of radiative transfer principles to remote sensing -- Radiation and climate.

Download or read book A Solar Radiation Parameterization for Atmospheric Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiation in the Atmosphere written by Wilford Zdunkowski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-29 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the theory and applications of radiative transfer in the atmosphere. It is written for graduate students and researchers in the fields of meteorology and related sciences. The book begins with important basic definitions of the radiative transfer theory. It presents the hydrodynamic derivation of the radiative transfer equation and the principles of variance. The authors examine in detail various quasi-exact solutions of the radiative transfer equation and give a thorough treatment of the radiative perturbation theory. A rigorous treatment of Mie scattering is given, including Rayleigh scattering as a special case, and the important efficiency factors for extinction, scattering and absorption are derived. The fundamentals of remote sensing applications of radiative transfer are presented. Problems of varying degrees of difficulty are included at the end of each chapter, allowing readers to further their understanding of the materials covered in the book.

Download or read book Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models written by David A. Randall and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the development of physical parameterization over the last 2 to 3 decades and provides a roadmap for its future development. It covers important physical processes: convection, clouds, radiation, land-surface, and the orographic effect. The improvement of numerical models for predicting weather and climate at a variety of places and times has progressed globally. However, there are still several challenging areas, which need to be addressed with a better understanding of physical processes based on observations, and to subsequently be taken into account by means of improved parameterization. And this is all the more important since models are increasingly being used at higher horizontal and vertical resolutions. Encouraging debate on the cloud-resolving approach or the hybrid approach with parameterized convection and grid-scale cloud microphysics and its impact on models’ intrinsic predictability, the book offers a motivating reference guide for all researchers whose work involves physical parameterization problems and numerical models.

Download or read book Fast Processes in Large Scale Atmospheric Models written by Yangang Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving weather and climate prediction with better representation of fast processes in atmospheric models Many atmospheric processes that influence Earth’s weather and climate occur at spatiotemporal scales that are too small to be resolved in large scale models. They must be parameterized, which means approximately representing them by variables that can be resolved by model grids. Fast Processes in Large-Scale Atmospheric Models: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities explores ways to better investigate and represent multiple parameterized processes in models and thus improve their ability to make accurate climate and weather predictions. Volume highlights include: Historical development of the parameterization of fast processes in numerical models Different types of major sub-grid processes and their parameterizations Efforts to unify the treatment of individual processes and their interactions Top-down versus bottom-up approaches across multiple scales Measurement techniques, observational studies, and frameworks for model evaluation Emerging challenges, new opportunities, and future research directions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Download or read book Recent Progress in Atmospheric Sciences written by Kuo-Nan Liou and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 22 peer-reviewed articles that cover a spectrum of contemporary subjects relevant to atmospheric sciences, with specific applications to the Asia-Pacific region. The majority of these papers consist of a review of a scientific sub-field in atmospheric sciences, while some contain original contributions. All of the accepted papers were subject to scientific reviews and revisions.The book is divided into 2 traditional fields in atmospheric sciences: atmospheric dynamics and meteorology; and atmospheric physics and chemistry. The authors of these papers are distinguished alumni of the Department of Atmospheric Sciences at the National Taiwan University, residing in the USA and Taiwan. This book is dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Department of Atmospheric Sciences that occurred in 2004.Papers in atmospheric dynamics and meteorology cover the following subjects: El Ni¤o/Southern Oscillation, air/sea interactions, convection in the tropics, meiyu frontal systems, tropical cyclones/typhoons, data assimilations, and mesoscale modeling. In atmospheric physics and chemistry, subjects range from aerosols/clouds interactions, heat budgets in the context of air/sea interactions, atmospheric radiative transfer, remote sensing of the oceans, Asian dust outbreaks and clouds, reviews of cloud microphysics and urban ozone formations, to a satellite GPS system for typhoon studies and weather predictions.

Download or read book Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics Part I written by Roman Wyrzykowski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2009, held in Wroclaw, Poland, in September 2009.

Download or read book Marine Fog Challenges and Advancements in Observations Modeling and Forecasting written by Darko Koračin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the history of marine fog research and applications, and discusses the physical processes leading to fog's formation, evolution, and dissipation. A special emphasis is on the challenges and advancements of fog observation and modeling as well as on efforts toward operational fog forecasting and linkages and feedbacks between marine fog and the environment.

Download or read book Southwestern Desert Resources written by William L. Halvorson and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The southwestern deserts stretch from southeastern California to west Texas and then south to central Mexico. The landscape of this region is known as basin and range topography featuring to “sky islands” of forest rising from the desert lowlands which creates a uniquely diverse ecology. The region is further complicated by an international border, where governments have caused difficulties for many animal populations. This book puts a spotlight on individual research projects which are specific examples of work being done in the area and when they are all brought together, to shed a general light of understanding the biological and cultural resources of this vast region so that those same resources can be managed as effectively and efficiently as possible. The intent is to show that collaborative efforts among federal, state agency, university, and private sector researchers working with land managers, provides better science and better management than when scientists and land managers work independently.

Download or read book The Application of Neural Networks in the Earth System Sciences written by Vladimir M. Krasnopolsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a representative set of Earth System Science (ESS) applications of the neural network (NN) technique. It examines a progression of atmospheric and oceanic problems, which, from the mathematical point of view, can be formulated as complex, multidimensional, and nonlinear mappings. It is shown that these problems can be solved utilizing a particular type of NN – the multilayer perceptron (MLP). This type of NN applications covers the majority of NN applications developed in ESSs such as meteorology, oceanography, atmospheric and oceanic satellite remote sensing, numerical weather prediction, and climate studies. The major properties of the mappings and MLP NNs are formulated and discussed. Also, the book presents basic background for each introduced application and provides an extensive set of references. “This is an excellent book to learn how to apply artificial neural network methods to earth system sciences. The author, Dr. Vladimir Krasnopolsky, is a universally recognized master in this field. With his vast knowledge and experience, he carefully guides the reader through a broad variety of problems found in the earth system sciences where neural network methods can be applied fruitfully. (...) The broad range of topics covered in this book ensures that researchers/graduate students from many fields (...) will find it an invaluable guide to neural network methods.” (Prof. William W. Hsieh, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada) “Vladimir Krasnopolsky has been the “founding father” of applying computation intelligence methods to environmental science; (...) Dr. Krasnopolsky has created a masterful exposition of a young, yet maturing field that promises to advance a deeper understanding of best modeling practices in environmental science.” (Dr. Sue Ellen Haupt, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA) “Vladimir Krasnopolsky has written an important and wonderful book on applications of neural networks to replace complex and expensive computational algorithms within Earth System Science models. He is uniquely qualified to write this book, since he has been a true pioneer with regard to many of these applications. (...) Many other examples of creative emulations will inspire not just readers interested in the Earth Sciences, but any other modeling practitioner (...) to address both theoretical and practical complex problems that may (or will!) arise in a complex system." ” (Prof. Eugenia Kalnay, University of Maryland, USA)

Download or read book Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing written by Claudia Kuenzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of thermal infrared remote sensing. Temperature is one of the most important physical environmental variables monitored by earth observing remote sensing systems. Temperature ranges define the boundaries of habitats on our planet. Thermal hazards endanger our resources and well-being. In this book renowned international experts have contributed chapters on currently available thermal sensors as well as innovative plans for future missions. Further chapters discuss the underlying physics and image processing techniques for analyzing thermal data. Ground-breaking chapters on applications present a wide variety of case studies leading to a deepened understanding of land and sea surface temperature dynamics, urban heat island effects, forest fires, volcanic eruption precursors, underground coal fires, geothermal systems, soil moisture variability, and temperature-based mineral discrimination. ‘Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing: Sensors, Methods, Applications’ is unique because of the large field it spans, the potentials it reveals, and the detail it provides. This book is an indispensable volume for scientists, lecturers, and decision makers interested in thermal infrared technology, methods, and applications.

Download or read book NCCS Science Highlights written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding of Atmospheric Systems with Efficient Numerical Methods for Observation and Prediction written by Lei-Ming Ma and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the technology of observation and prediction of atmospheric systems draws upon many common fields, until now the interrelatedness and interdisciplinary nature of these research fields have scarcely been discussed in one volume containing fundamental theories, numerical methods, and operational application results. This is a book to provide in-depth explorations of the numerical methods developed to better understand atmospheric systems, which are introduced in eight chapters. Chapter 1 presents an efficient algorithm for tropical cyclone center determination by using satellite imagery. Chapter 2 aims to identify atmospheric systems with a new polarization remote sensing method. Chapters 3-8 place emphasis on enhancing the performance of numerical models in the prediction of atmospheric systems that should be valuable for researchers and forecasters.

Download or read book Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability Selected Papers Of Nanjing Institute Of Meteorology Alumni In Commemoration Of Professor Jijia Zhang written by Xun Zhu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-02-25 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains tutorial and review articles as well as specific research letters that cover a wide range of topics: (1) dynamics of atmospheric variability from both basic theory and data analysis, (2) physical and mathematical problems in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction, (3) theories of atmospheric radiative transfer and their applications in satellite remote sensing, and (4) mathematical and statistical methods. The book can be used by undergraduates or graduate students majoring in atmospheric sciences, as an introduction to various research areas; and by researchers and educators, as a general review or quick reference in their fields of interest.

Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: