Download or read book A Syntactic Study of Second Language Acquisition of English Dative Alternation in Native Speakers of Romanian written by Emanuela D. Dragomir and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Dative Alternation Investigating Grammatical Variation written by Michelle Blum and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, language: English, abstract: The phenomenon under investigation was the dative alternation, i.e. the factors influencing the choice between the NP/noun phrase dative ("I give him the book") and the PP/prepositional phrase dative ("I give the book to him"). It is generally assumed, that factors holding an influence over the dative choice are, among others, the syntactic complexity/length of the indirect object and the verbs used. In order to find out which factor is more influential in the choice, both factors were considered in the study. Some verbs, like give, promise, lend and mail, have a tendency towards the usage with the NP dative - that means that they would not be used with the PP dative, and this would thus mean that the NP dative would be used more often when these verbs occur - if the verb choice influences the dative form more than the syntactic complexity, that is.
Download or read book Relexification and Lexical Relativity in the Second Language Acquisition of the Dative Alternation written by Hunter Nicholas McKenzie and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English ditransitive verbs show a complex alternation between the double object construction (DOC, (1)) and prepositional object datives (POD, (2)). This dissertation examines the acquisition, representation, and learnability of the dative alternation among L2 English learners, presenting experimental data from participants with L1 backgrounds of Mandarin Chinese (n = 14), Korean (n = 19), and Spanish (n = 21), as well as L1 English speakers (n = 41). While argument structure alternations have played an important role in L2 acquisition, this study differs from previous work in that it focuses on the abstract syntax of datives. The DOC exhibits an asymmetric structural pattern that has been a key point of discussion in syntactic research (e.g., Citko, Emonds, & Whitney, 2017). A-bar movement (wh-questions and relative clauses) of the goal argument is ungrammatical (3), while A-bar movement of the theme is acceptable (4). Conversely, A-movement of the theme argument is ungrammatical (5) with non-pronominal arguments, while A-movement of the goal (6) is grammatical. Citko, Emonds, and Whitney (2017) have argued that these structural contrasts are best explained through a syntactic derivation of the DOC from the POD that promotes the indirect object to a direct object position. This proposal, based on Emonds (1993), links English DOCs to Marantz's Generalization, a cross-linguistic pattern identified by Baker (1988) in which indirect objects surface productively as applied direct objects.This experiment tests whether L2 learners' grammatical intuitions show the syntactic hallmarks of Marantz's Generalization. Participants judged the acceptability of sentences formed with twelve verbs (give, send, tell, text, buy, make, return, push, say, yell, purchase, create) appearing in each of seven syntactic contexts, which included passives, questions, and relative clauses targeting both direct objects and indirect objects. Acceptability data was analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Notably, both L1 and L2 English speakers showed sensitivity to the ungrammaticality of A-movement of themes and A-bar movement of goals. These results point to a strikingly asymmetric pattern, in which verbs that form double objects productively surface with distinct syntax. Another interaction was identified between L2 English proficiency and rejection of sentences with non-DOC verbs, modeled at the individual participant level, incorporating Stringer's (2010) notion of Lexical Relativity. The syntactic regularity observed across L1 groups thus coexisted with another pattern of lexical variation. The results lend empirical support to syntactically derived accounts of the dative alternation. From an acquisitional perspective, the data are best situated within a theory of L2 acquisition that assumes both pervasive L1 influence at the level of individual lexical items, and adult access to universal grammatical constraints, as proposed in Sprouse's (2006) model of the initial state of L2 acquisition in terms of Relexification. Examples:(1) Mary gave the student a book.(3) *Which student did Mary give a book?(5) *The book was given a student.(2) Mary gave a book to the student.(4) What book did Mary give the student?(6) The student was given a book.
Download or read book The Acquisition of Heritage Languages written by Silvina Montrul and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative overview of research into heritage language acquisition, covering key terminological and empirical issues, theoretical approaches, and research methodologies.
Download or read book Syntactic Representations of English in Second Language Learners written by Sunfa Kim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation reports the results of within-English structural priming experiments in language production which investigated the syntactic representations of English syntactic structures in three different bilingual groups: Japanese-English, Korean-English, and Mandarin Chinese-English bilinguals. Specifically, my dissertation research investigates representations of second language (L2 hereafter) syntactic structures in late learners of L2. It addresses the question of whether representations of L2 syntactic structures which exist in speakers' first language and representations of L2 syntactic structures which do not exist in speakers' first language have differential influences on the production of subsequent utterances.^It does so by looking at priming of L2 syntactic structures that are available in bilinguals' two languages and comparing it with priming of L2 syntactic structures that are available in bilinguals' L2 but not in their first language (L1 hereafter). Bernolet, Hartsuiker, and Pickering (2007) proposed that syntactic structures that differ in constituent order between two languages are represented separately for each language. Accordingly, L2 learners must acquire new L2 syntactic representations if their L1 has a different constituent order. The present study investigated whether there are any aspects of L1 syntactic knowledge which L2 learners rely on to learn new L2 syntactic structures, even when constituent orders differ. According to Bock and Levelt's (1994) model of language production, grammatical encoding comprises two phases: functional processing and positional processing.^At the level of functional processing, lexical concepts that are suitable for conveying the speaker's message are identified (termed "lexical selection") and grammatical functions (such as subject and direct object) are assigned (termed "functional assignment"). The output of functional processing carries no intrinsic order. Positional processing imposes a sequence on the elements. I hypothesized that the level of functional processing is shared between two languages even if they have different word orders, thereby facilitating late L2 learners to learn L2 syntactic structures with new constituent orders.^To test this hypothesis, priming of English (L2) syntactic structures that were available in bilinguals' L1 and L2 was compared with priming of English (L2) syntactic structures that were available in bilinguals' L2 but not in L1. Within-English structural priming experiments of the transitive alternation and the dative alternation were conducted with native speakers of English, and Japanese-English, Korean-English and Mandarin Chinese-English bilingual speakers. On each priming trial, participants first read a priming sentence in a particular syntactic form aloud. Then, a picture unrelated to the priming sentence was presented and the participants described the picture.^What was of interest in the present study was the syntactic form of the description the participants produced. The results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that the structures of priming sentences influenced how native speakers of English described the target pictures in both the transitive and dative alternation, replicating previous findings of structural priming effects. Also, there was some evidence that native speakers of English were sensitive to semantic characteristics of priming sentences. The results of Experiment 2 demonstrated that the same Japanese-English bilingual participants showed structural priming in the transitive alternation but not in the dative alternation. The results of Experiment 3 replicated the result of Experiment 2 with a new pairing of L1 and L2; the same Korean-English bilingual participants showed structural priming in the transitive alternation but not in the dative alternation.^Crucially, the transitive alternation exists in L1 Japanese and L1 Korean while the dative alternation does not exist in L1 Japanese and L1 Korean. Thus, representations of L2 syntactic structures which exist in a speaker's first language and representations of L2 syntactic structures which do not exist in a speaker's first language had differential influences on the production of subsequent utterances. The results of Experiment 4 demonstrated the null results in the dative alternation in Experiments 2 and 3 were not due to something peculiar to the structural alternation of datives. Structural priming was found in the dative alternation in Mandarin Chinese-English bilingual speakers. Crucially, the dative alternation exists in L1 Mandarin Chinese. The present study provided some evidence for shared syntactic processing at the level of functional processing for bilinguals whose L1 and L2 have different word orders.^This shared syntactic processing appeared to facilitate late L2 learners to learn L2 syntactic structures which have a different word order from those of L1. These results provide support for an underlying continuity between the processes of L1 and L2 sentence production in typologically different languages. The results from the present study also suggested the adult language production system is rather inflexible with regard to a novel L2 syntactic structure. Acquiring an L2 syntactic structure which does not exist in a speaker's first language is difficult because it involves learning a new relational linking at the level of functional processing as well as a new ordering of constituents at the level of positional processing. Taken as a whole, these results suggest syntactic options available in bilinguals' L1 must be taken into account by models of syntactic representations in bilingual speakers.
Download or read book Comparative Studies in Romanian Syntax written by Virginia Motapanyane and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 58 of the North Holland Linguistic Series, edited by Virginia Motapanyane, provides an up-to-date overview of studies in Romanian syntax. Bringing together linguists working within the field of generative grammar, the volume's comparative approach demonstrates the relevance of Romanian data to grammatical theory. The editor's introductory chapter provides a valuable summary of developments in Romanian syntax and is the ideal preparation for the studies contained in this volume, both for Romance specialists and for those less familiar with the topic.
Download or read book Beneficial Repetition written by Sara Downs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Romanian Accent in English written by Iulia Pittman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Acquisition of English Restrictive Relative Clauses by Hungarian Learners of English written by Judit Kiss-Gulyás and published by Akademiai Kiado. This book was released on 2004 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present work uses the standard version of principles and parameters theory of Universal Grammar to address second language acquisition issues. It is assumed that comparative analysis of Hungarian and English based on the model enables the researcher to formulate precise and testable questions and the empirical research provides reliable answers." "The investigated area is the acquisition of English restrictive relative clauses by L1 Hungarian learners of L2 English. This area of grammar causes problems: most of these are proficiency-determined, but there are some which are observable even at fairly advanced levels. In the given framework it is postulated that some properties of parameters set differently for the L1 can be reset to the new language, whereas other properties seem to resist re-setting and remain non-native-like in the interlanguage of even near-native L2 English speakers of L1 Hungarian." "The book may interest pure and applied linguists, psycholinguists as well as practising teachers as it attempts to offer a possible answer to the often made observation: there are parts of L2 grammar which are relatively easy to acquire despite the language differences, yet there are several features that remain faulty or misunderstood despite teacher and learner effort."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Dative Alternation written by Fernanda Serpa Fritsch and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ditransitive verbs are those which have two internal arguments, a fact that has raised a number of questions concerning their syntactic structure. One of these questions is related to a variation in structure known as Dative Alternation. Such an alternation seems to be restricted only to some languages; it occurs in English, but apparently cannot be found in Romance languages, like Portuguese. There is, however, a change in meaning caused by the alternation in the languages where it can be found; in English, for instance, the structure known as dative (V NP PP) is associated with a motion meaning, while its alternate, the double-object variant, or DOC (V NP NP), is associated with a meaning of possession. This fact raises a question as to how languages which do not present Dative Alternation convey such meanings. In studying ditransitive verbs in Portuguese, it is possible to observe that there is an alternation in structure, even if it does not seem to follow the same pattern as Dative Alternation does in English. This book is intended to study such alternations, both in Portuguese and English, and to explain the difference in meaning resulting from such structures.
Download or read book Acquisition of Dative Alternation in English by Second Language Learners written by Dong Han Lee and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ditransitive structures the English preposition TO and the Romanian preposition LA written by Tania MORARU-ZAMFIR and published by Editura Universității din București - Bucharest University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the syntactic properties of the English preposition to and the Romanian preposition la ”at/to” within ditransitive structures. Being a study of comparative syntax from a generative perspective, it aims at bringing into discussion the properties of these two functional prepositions, in both English and Romanian. The comparative approach shows that the English to is a functional preposition, fully predictable from the structure of the verb which can be deleted. To is a case marker and the dative arguments introduced by this preposition are DPs. By way of contrast, Romanian la has shifted from a case marker to a [Person] marker. La has a double status, as follows: it has a functional status only when the Dat argument, analysed as DP can be doubled by the clitic, where la is a [Person] marker. In the absence of the clitic, la-phrases are interpreted as PPs and la will be attributed a lexical status. Thus, unlike the functional to, la is both (a) a functional dative marker and (b) a core lexical preposition of the location and movement frames where la assigns accusative case to its object.
Download or read book Language and Language Behavior Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Dative written by Willy Van Langendonck and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-09-15 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second part of a two-volume reader on the ‘Dative’. In the first part, which appeared in 1996, eleven papers were presented providing a syntactic and semantic description of the category ‘Dative’ in eleven languages. The aim of this second part is to discuss several aspects of the Dative in greater detail. It contains eight papers dealing with theoretical considerations on ‘dativity’ as well as with contrastive, typological and diachronic issues. A major concern is the relation between form (case, grammatical relation) and meaning (semantic roles or other kinds of meaning). Most contributions in this volume represent cognitive and functional views or a critical discussion of them. As in the first volume, the linguistic material mainly stems from Germanic and Romance languages. Contemporary English is the basis for Davidse’s theoretical claims; Pasicki studies the dative in Old English. Dutch appears especially in Geeraerts’ semantic analysis, but also in the papers by Draye, Lamiroy & Delbecque and Van Langendonck. Draye, Lamiroy & Delbecque and Melis also take German into consideration. Latin is dealt with by Melis and Van Langendonck. Modern Romance languages, especially French, provide further data for Melis and Lamiroy & Delbecque. Finally, Newman adduces a variety of languages for his typological analyses.
Download or read book Effect of First Language on Syntactic Priming in a Second Language written by Stefany Jean Coxe and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Syntactic Pattern Frequency on Recall written by Erika Miriam Kurth and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
