Download or read book A Study of the Filtration and Particulate Matter Oxidation Characteristics of Two Wall flow Diesel Particulate Filters written by Anand S. Shende and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Filtration Velocities and Particulate Matter Characteristics on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading Performance written by Ekathai Wirojsakunchai and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Micro scale Investigation of Filtration Velocity and Particulate Matter Characteristics Effects on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading written by Renato A. Yapaulo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study of the Filtration and Regeneration Characteristics of a Catalyzed Wall flow Diesel Particulate Filter written by Cuong T. Huynh and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING STUDY OF PARTICULATE MATTER OXIDATION UNDER LOADING CONDITIONS FOR A SCR CATALYST ON A DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : The heavy-duty diesel engines use a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), a Catalyzed Particulate Filter (CPF), a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) with urea injection and a Ammonia Oxidation Catalyst (AMOX), to meet the US EPA 2010/2013 particulate matter (PM) and NOx emission standards. However, it is not possible to achieve the 2015 California low NOx standards with this arrangement. Hence, there is a need to improve the existing aftertreatment system. This can be achieved by coating the SCR catalyst on a diesel particulate filter (DPF), thus combining the PM filtration and NOx reduction functionality into a single device. This reduces the overall volume/weight of the system and provides opportunity for packaging flexibility and improved thermal management along with the possibility of higher NOx reduction with a downstream SCR system. The SCR catalyst on a DPF used in this study is known as a SCRF℗ʼ which was supplied by Johnson Matthey and Corning. Previous research on the CPF and SCRF℗ʼ at MTU highlighted that the reactivity of PM retained in the CPF and SCRF℗ʼ is higher during loading conditions compared to passive oxidation conditions i.e. when the flow rate of PM entering the CPF or SCRF℗ʼ is higher in loading conditions compared to the low flow rate and higher PM reaction rate during passive oxidation conditions. A 2013 Cummins ISB engine with a DOC-SCRF℗ʼ arrangement was used to perform twelve tests (eight tests without urea injection and four tests with urea injection) in order to determine the NO2 assisted passive oxidation performance of the SCRF℗ʼ under loading conditions with and without urea injection. The primary focus of this study was to carry out Loading Tests with and without Urea injection and measure species concentrations, PM mass retained, exhaust flowrates, substrate temperature distributions, pressure drop across the filter, and to determine the kinetics of NO2 assisted PM oxidation under loading conditions and compare it with kinetics under passive oxidation conditions. The NO2 assisted passive oxidation performance of the SCRF℗ʼ was experimentally studied by running the engine at 2400 RPM and four different loads at nominal and reduced rail pressure for 5.5 hours in two stages of loading. These conditions were intended to span the SCRF℗ʼ inlet temperatures in the range of 264-364oC and inlet NO2 concentrations in the range of 52-120 ppm. Four conditions out of these eight conditions were repeated with the injection of urea in the form of diesel exhaust fluid at a target ammonia to NOx ratio of 1.0 to investigate both the NOx reduction performance, as well as the effect of urea on the NO2 assisted passive oxidation performance. From the conclusions of the study based on the experimental data, it was found that the cumulative percentage of PM oxidized in the SCRF℗ʼ increases with the increase in engine load due to higher SCRF℗ʼ temperatures and NO2 concentrations. On average, the reactions rates with urea injection during loading conditions in the SCRF℗ʼ are 25% lower compared to the reaction rates without urea injection. The reactivity of PM under loading conditions with and without urea injection is higher compared to the reactivity of PM under passive oxidation with and without urea injection. For a lumped PM oxidation model, a higher pre-exponential for NO2 assisted oxidation is needed for loading as compared to passive oxidation conditions. It was not possible to determine the kinetics of NO2 assisted oxidation of PM under loading conditions from the experimental data using a standard Arrhenius model which lead to the development of a different model for PM oxidation. A PM oxidation model was developed based on the shrinking core model which keeps the identity of the incoming PM masses in the SCRF℗ʼ as compared to SCR-F model being developed at MTU which is lumped model for PM oxidation. The PM oxidation model was calibrated to simulate PM oxidation in the SCRF℗ʼ with a single set of kinetics under wide range of conditions including loading and passive oxidation conditions. The reaction rate results from the PM oxidation model were then applied to the SCR-F model to simulate the pressure drop across SCRF℗ʼ and the PM retained in the SCRF℗ʼ for the loading conditions used in this study. The SCR-F model was calibrated using experimental data from Loading Tests w/o Urea to simulate the PM retained within ℗ł2 g and pressure drop across SCRF℗ʼ within ℗ł0.5 kPa of the experimental data at the end of the test. The calibrated SCR-F model was also used to estimate the cake, wall and channel pressure drop and the PM retained in the cake and wall for the Loading Tests w/o Urea to check the integrity of experimental data and the consistency of the model. The NO2 assisted kinetics for PM oxidation in the SCRF℗ʼ without urea injection using the SCR-F model resulted in an activation energy of 96 kJ/gmol and pre-exponential factor of 2.6 m/K-s for the cake and 1.8 m/K-s for the wall. An analysis of the results from the SCR-F model suggests that for all the conditions, 84-92% of the total PM retained was in the PM cake layer and the oxidation in the PM cake layer accounted for 72-84% of the total PM mass oxidized during loading.

Download or read book Diesel Particulate Emissions Landmark Research 1994 2001 written by John H Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2002-02-20 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for manufacturers to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mobile source diesel emissions standards for on-highway light duty and heavy duty vehicles has been the driving force for the control of diesel particulate and NOx emissions reductions. Diesel Particulate Emissions: Landmark Research 1994-2001 contains the latest research and development findings that will help guide engineers to achieve low particulate emissions from future engines. Based on extensive SAE literature from the past seven years, the 45 papers in this book have been selected from the SAE Transactions Journals.

Download or read book Annual Index abstracts of SAE Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Filtration and Oxidation Characteristics of a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst and a Catalyzed Particulate Filter written by Mohammed Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diesel Particulate Filter Technology written by Timothy V Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007-03-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, the complexity of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) system has hindered its commercial success. Stringent regulations of diesel emissions has lead to advancements in this technology, therefore mainstreaming the use of DPFs in light- and heavy-duty diesel filtration applications. This book covers the latest and most important research in DPF systems, focusing mainly on the advancements of the years 2002-2006. Editor Timothy V. Johnson selected the top 29 SAE papers covering the most significant research in this technology.

Download or read book An Experimental and Modeling Study of the Filtration and Oxidation Characteristics of a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst and a Catalyzed Particulate Filter written by Kiran C. Premchand and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control IV written by N. Kruse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-05-29 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of the energy crises and the recession, there has been a global, explosive growth in the amount of motor vehicles. In the past 50 years, the amount has increased from 50 to 700 million vehicles. For economical reasons they will probably continue to be used for a considerable number of years, despite the poor yield of internal combustion engines resulting in the inevitable production of some gaseous pollutants. The subsequent increase of gaseous pollutants in our atmosphere caused by exhaust gas from automobiles has enhanced the problem of the elimination of these pollutants produced by internal combustion engines. Catalysis has proven to be the best solution to lower the content of exhaust gas in pollutants. As its predecessors, CAPoC4 proved to be a suitable platform for discussing technological improvements and developments along with future perspectives and challenges. In the light of new results and further legislative regulations, the following topics were intensely discussed: *low light-off behaviour based on improved catalysts and substrate formulations *efficient adsorber systems for storage of hydrocarbon emissions *electrically heated catalyst systems ahead the main catalyst or, alternatively, close coupled catalysts (at the manifold of the engine) • lean DeNOx catalysts allowing for decomposition of NOx in the oxygen-rich exhaust of direct injection gasoline engines and high speed injection diesel engines or, alternatively, NOx trapping/reduction in a hybrid approach * collection and destruction of dry particulates or soot. There is no doubt that clean vehicle technology is a vital part of improving air quality. Challenges remain and call for technological answers. Catalytic air pollution control is still an area providing a considerable incentive for innovative work.

Download or read book Development of Models to Study the Emissions Flow and Kinetic Characteristics from Diesel Oxidation Catalysts and Particulate Filters written by Antonio Triana Padilla and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diesel Particulate Filter Technology written by Timothy V Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007-03-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, the complexity of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) system has hindered its commercial success. Stringent regulations of diesel emissions has lead to advancements in this technology, therefore mainstreaming the use of DPFs in light- and heavy-duty diesel filtration applications. This book covers the latest and most important research in DPF systems, focusing mainly on the advancements of the years 2002-2006. Editor Timothy V. Johnson selected the top 29 SAE papers covering the most significant research in this technology.

Download or read book Characterizing Ash Properties and Effects on Diesel Particulate Filter Flow Resistance written by Gregory James Monahan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of increasingly stringent emissions regulations, Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) have become a widespread method of reducing particulate emissions in both on and off highway diesel engine use. This particular aftertreatment system is chosen for its high filtration efficiency and relative simplicity. The porous ceramic substrate captures the particulate matter which is comprised of combustible soot and inorganic metallic ash. While the soot can be cleared from the filter through high temperature oxidation, the small amount of ash remains in the filter. The presence of these soot and ash particles creates an increase in the flow resistance of the filter which creates more backpressure on the engine and results in a decrease in fuel economy. Over the life of the filter, the ash particles become a significant portion of particulate matter in the filter and the resulting flow resistance. While the effects of ash and soot on filter performance have been extensively studied, the underlying deposition mechanisms and effects of various ash properties are not well understood. The focus of this research is to investigate the effects of ash properties such as packing density and chemistry on the flow resistance of both the ash cake layer and the filter substrate. The results of this and other research can support the optimization of operating conditions, regeneration strategies, and lubricant additive formulations for decreased system backpressure. Additionally, this research seeks to develop and improve advanced diagnostic tools in order to bridge the gap between macro scale quantifiable flow resistance and micro scale deposition characteristics. Using both high resolution X-Ray CT imaging and flow simulation tools, a method is tested by which values for ash and filter permeability can be calculated to investigate local micro scale filter phenomena or various lab and field samples.

Download or read book Issues in Environmental Economics Engineering and Technology 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology. The editors have built Issues in Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECT OF NO2 AND TEMPERATURE ON THE PASSIVE OXIDATION AND ACTIVE REGENERATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER IN A DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : In this study the oxidation of particulate matter (PM) retained in a catalyzed particulate filter (CPF) is investigated to understand the kinetics of PM oxidation. Seven passive oxidation and four active regeneration experiments were performed on a Cummins ISB 2013 280 hp engine and the production aftertreatment system adapted to a lab setup, in order to study the NO2 assisted and thermal oxidation of the PM retained in the CPF. The CPF was loaded with PM produced by the engine and the PM was then oxidized in the CPF under various Passive Oxidation (PO) and Active Regeneration (AR) conditions. First, the engine was operated at an engine condition that produced PM at a greater rate than the production setting, in order to load the CPF to 3.0±0.4 g/L in a suitable time of 6 hours. To study the NO2 assisted oxidation, exhaust at pre-determined engine conditions with low PM concentration (2 concentration and temperature was flowed through the CPF. During the PO testing, the exhaust temperature into the CPF varied from 299 - 385°C, the NO2 concentration varied between 137 - 1013 ppm and the exhaust mass flowrate varied between 3.63 - 12.0 kg/min. Thermal oxidation was studied by operating the engine at a specific condition where the exhaust at the Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) inlet was at a higher temperature than the light-off temperature of hydrocarbon oxidation in the DOC (300 °C). Late combustion cycle fuel dosing was performed and the hydrocarbons in the dosed fuel were oxidized across the DOC. This created an exotherm and raised the exhaust temperature into the CPF to the required value between 498 - 575°C to oxidize the PM retained in the CPF at the end of loading, by reaction with O2. The O2 concentration into the CPF varied between 8.17 to 9.03%. It was found that the NO2 assisted kinetics could be represented using the standard Arrhenius equation. The activation energy obtained using the standard Arrhenius model, is 94 kJ/gmol and the pre-exponential factor obtained is 25.5 1/ppm/s. The thermal oxidation reaction rate could be similarly represented using the O2 concentration and temperature over the range of conditions studied. The activation energy for thermal oxidation was found to be 136 kJ/gmol and the pre-exponential factor obtained is 3.56 1/ppm/s. It was found that for two of the passive oxidation tests, the reaction rates were higher than that predicted using the Arrhenius representation. The Loading Engine Condition also showed higher reaction kinetics than the NO2assisted kinetics. The engine and exhaust conditions as well as reaction rates obtained as part of this study are intended to be compared to the corresponding values obtained for a SCR-in-DPF substrate that is currently being studied at Michigan Tech as the next phase of study. The purpose of this comparison is to understand the difference in performance of both aftertreatment systems in light of their respective weights and volumes. The data obtained during this study is also being used to calibrate the 1-D CPF model at MTU. An introduction to the model is provided in this thesis, and the important variables of the study that are also used for model calibration are presented in the appropriate sections.

Download or read book Handbook of Diesel Engines written by Klaus Mollenhauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This machine is destined to completely revolutionize cylinder diesel engine up through large low speed t- engine engineering and replace everything that exists. stroke diesel engines. An appendix lists the most (From Rudolf Diesel’s letter of October 2, 1892 to the important standards and regulations for diesel engines. publisher Julius Springer. ) Further development of diesel engines as economiz- Although Diesel’s stated goal has never been fully ing, clean, powerful and convenient drives for road and achievable of course, the diesel engine indeed revolu- nonroad use has proceeded quite dynamically in the tionized drive systems. This handbook documents the last twenty years in particular. In light of limited oil current state of diesel engine engineering and technol- reserves and the discussion of predicted climate ogy. The impetus to publish a Handbook of Diesel change, development work continues to concentrate Engines grew out of ruminations on Rudolf Diesel’s on reducing fuel consumption and utilizing alternative transformation of his idea for a rational heat engine fuels while keeping exhaust as clean as possible as well into reality more than 100 years ago. Once the patent as further increasing diesel engine power density and was filed in 1892 and work on his engine commenced enhancing operating performance.