Download or read book A Study of the Evolution of Precipitates in Pressure Vessel Steels Using Small Angle Neutron Scattering written by Jeffry Alan Fint and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by R. K. Nanstad and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Arvind S. Kumar and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 1319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Small Angle Neutron Scattering Modeling of Copper rich Precipitates in Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnetic to nuclear scattering intensity ratio observed in the scattering from copper rich precipitates in irradiated pressure vessel steels is much smaller than the value of 11.4 expected for a pure copper precipitate in iron. A model for precipitates in pressure vessel steels which matches the observed scattering typically incorporates manganese, nickel, silicon and other elements and it is assumed that the precipitate is non-magnetic. In the present work consideration is given to the effect of composition gradients and ferromagnetic penetration into the precipitate on the small angle scattering cross section for copper rich clusters as distinguished from conventional precipitates. The calculation is an extension of a scattering model for micelles which consist of shells of varying scattering density. A discrepancy between recent SANS scattering experiments on pressure vessel steels was found to be related to applied magnetic field strength. The assumption of cluster structure and its relation to atom probe FIM findings as well as the effects of insufficient field for magnetic saturation is discussed.

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Roger E. Stoller and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1992 with total page 1315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium held in Nashville, Tennessee, June 1990. Almost two-thirds of these 91 papers are authored by researchers outside of the US (including information on research in the former USSR, Japan, and Europe). Topics include: current commercial power reactor systems; microstructural characterization

Download or read book A Study of Radiation Induced Voids and Precipitates and Their Annealing Behavior by Small Angle Neutron Scattering written by AD. Krawitz and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have studied the annealing response of an irradiated pressure vessel steel, ASTM A302B, using small-angle neutron scattering. We have used two sets of specimens in this study, one irradiated to a fluence of 3 to 4 x 1019 n/cm2 at 288°C, and the other a parallel set of the same steel in the unirradiated condition. We have annealed specimens from each set isothermally at 300, 350, 400, and 450°C for increasing periods of time up to five h, and have observed the variations in the SANS spectra in both irradiated and unirradiated specimens. Changes in the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) spectra commence at 300°C for the unirradiated material and at 400°C in the irradiated material. The observed response suggests that the changes are caused basically by the precipitation of copper out of solid solution in ?-iron during the annealing of unirradiated and irradiated specimens; in the case of the irradiated specimens, the release of damage-induced defects enhances the precipitation of the copper.

Download or read book Radiation Embrittlement of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Lendell E. Steele and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evolution of the Microstructure of PWR Pressure Vessel Steels from the CHOOZ A Reactor Surveillance Program After Long Term Irradiations written by J. Bourgoin and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have studied the microstructural evolution of a pressure vessel steel (C shell base metal) irradiated in CHOOZ A reactor surveillance capsules. This material has been irradiated at 265°C with fluences ranging from 2.2 x 1019 to 14 x 1019 n • cm-2 (E > 1 MeV); the longest irradiation has lasted about 13 years. The maximum ?RTNDT measured is 145°C for a fluence of 9 x 1019 n • cm-2 (E > 1 MeV). The microstructural studies have been carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS).

Download or read book Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications written by Robert Odette and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-performance alloys that can withstand operation in hazardous nuclear environments are critical to presentday in-service reactor support and maintenance and are foundational for reactor concepts of the future. With commercial nuclear energy vendors and operators facing the retirement of staff during the coming decades, much of the scholarly knowledge of nuclear materials pursuant to appropriate, impactful, and safe usage is at risk. Led by the multi-award winning editorial team of G. Robert Odette (UCSB) and Steven J. Zinkle (UTK/ORNL) and with contributions from leaders of each alloy discipline, Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications aids the next generation of researchers and industry staff developing and maintaining steels, nickel-base alloys, zirconium alloys, and other structural alloys in nuclear energy applications. This authoritative reference is a critical acquisition for institutions and individuals seeking state-of-the-art knowledge aided by the editors' unique personal insight from decades of frontline research, engineering and management. - Focuses on in-service irradiation, thermal, mechanical, and chemical performance capabilities. - Covers the use of steels and other structural alloys in current fission technology, leading edge Generation-IV fission reactors, and future fusion power reactors. - Provides a critical and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art experimental knowledge base of reactor materials, for applications ranging from engineering safety and lifetime assessments to supporting the development of advanced computational models.

Download or read book STUDIES OF NEUTRON IRRADIATED REACTOR PRESSURE VESSEL STEELS BY SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING written by G. Brauer and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Focus on Materials Science Research written by Dita V. Rosse and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials science includes those parts of chemistry and physics that deal with the properties of materials. It encompasses four classes of materials, the study of each of which may be considered a separate field: metals; ceramics; polymers and composites. Materials science is often referred to as materials science and engineering because it has many applications. Industrial applications of materials science include processing techniques (casting, rolling, welding, ion implantation, crystal growth, thin-film deposition, sintering, glassblowing, etc.), analytical techniques (electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, calorimetry, nuclear microscopy (HEFIB) etc.), materials design, and cost/benefit tradeoffs in industrial production of materials. This book presents new research directions in a very new field which happens to be an old field as well.

Download or read book Preliminary Results of an Investigation of the Structure of Pressure Vessel Steels by Small Angle Neutron Scattering written by R. B. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of Neutron Irradiated Soviet type Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels by Small Angle Neutron Scattering written by G. Brauer and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reactor pressure vessel steels of the Soviet-type 15Kh2MFA (Cr-Mo-V steels) are used in the VVER-440 type reactors, whereas steels of the Soviet type 15Kh2NMFA (Ni-Cr-Mo-V steels) are used in the WER-1000 type reactors. Eleven different materials, i.e. seven base metals and two weld metals of the type 15Kh2MFA, as well as one base metal and one weld metal of the type 15Kh2NMFA were available for the investigations. The small angle neutron scattering technique using the SANS-2 facility at the FRG-1 reactor in Geesthacht was employed to study the radiation-induced defect microstructure in the as-irradiated materials. The results are discussed in terms of the influence of different impurity contents and irradiation conditions on the defect microstructure.

Download or read book Analysis of Microstructural Changes in Irradiated Pressure Vessel Steels Using Small Angle Neutron Scattering written by J. T. Buswell and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermodynamic and Kinetic Modeling of Evolution of Mn Ni Si rich Precipitates in Low Cu Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels written by Huibin Ke and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formation of large volume fractions of Mn-Ni-Si precipitates (MNSPs) causes excess irradiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels at high, extended-life fluences. Thus, a new and unique, semi-empirical cluster dynamics model was developed to study the evolution of MNSPs in low-Cu RPV steels. The model has been developed based on experimental data under irradiation conditions and validated against data on post-irradiation annealing conditions. The model is based on CALPHAD thermodynamics and radiation enhanced diffusion kinetics. The thermodynamics dictates the compositional and temperature dependence of the free energy reductions that drive precipitation. The model treats both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, where the latter occurs on cascade damage, like dislocation loops. The model has only four adjustable parameters that were fit to an atom probe tomography (APT) database. The model predictions are in semi-quantitative agreement with systematic Mn, Ni and Si composition variations in the alloys characterized by APT, including a sensitivity to local tip-to-tip variations even in the same steel. The model predicts that heterogeneous nucleation plays a critical role in MNSP formation in lower alloy Ni contents. Single variable assessments of compositional effects show that Ni plays a dominant role, while even small variations in irradiation temperature can have a large effect on the MNSP evolution. Within typical RPV steel ranges, Mn and Si have smaller effects. The delayed but then rapid growth of MNSPs to large volume fractions at high fluence is well predicted by the model. For purposes of illustration, rather than prediction, the effect of MNSPs on transition temperature shifts are presented based on well-established microstructure-property and property-property models. Solubility of Fe in MNSPs is also investigated with ab initio method and is found that the solubility of Fe is less than 1.0% in G-phase formed in typical RPV steels.

Download or read book Microstructure of Irradiated Materials Volume 373 written by Ian M. Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1995-04-03 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of the symposium, which was held at the 1994 MRS Fall Meeting, was on the changes produced in the microstructure of metals, ceramics, and semiconductors by irradiation with energetic particles. This proceedings volume contains invited and contributed papers. Among the topics are computer simulation of displacement cascade damage in metals; radiation effects in ceramic insulators; and computer simulation of thermal annealing effects of self implanted silicon. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR