Download or read book A Study of Spark Ignition of Hydrocarbon Vapour air Mixtures written by John Moorhouse and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Some Notes on Sparks and Ignition of Fuels written by Franklin A. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report compliments a concurrent analysis of the electromagnetic field threat to the fuel system of a transport aircraft. The accompanying effort assessed currents, voltages and power levels that may be induced upon fuel tank wiring from radio transmitters (inside and outside the aircraft). In addition to this, it was also essential to determine how much voltage, current, or power is required to create a fuel-vapor ignition hazard. The widely accepted minimum guideline for aircraft fuel-vapor ignition is the application of a 0.2 milliljoule energy level. However, when considering radio frequency (RF) sources, this guideline is seriously inadequate. This report endeavors to bridge the gap between a traditional understanding of electrical breakdown, heating and combustion; and supplement the knowledge with available information regarding aircraft fuel-vapor ignition by RF sources.

Download or read book Fuel transport mixture preparation and hydrocarbon emissions from gasoline fueled spark ignition engines written by Rudolf Hermann Stanglmaier and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study of Ignition and Detonation of Hydrocarbon air Mixtures with Detailed and Reduced Chemichal Mechanisms written by Balachandar Varatharajan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study of Fuel Air Mixture Formation Process in Spark Ignition Engines written by Gang Chen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Flammability and Autoignition of Hydrocarbon Fuels Under Static and Dynamic Conditions written by J. M. Kuchta and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Basic Considerations in the Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels with Air written by Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. Propulsion Chemistry Division and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Homogeneous Charge Spark Ignition Engine written by James A. Eng and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multiple Ignition Combustion and Quenching of Hydrocarbon Fuel Sprays written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives were to modify the experimental apparatus so that aromatic fuels such as toluene could be included in the program. It was also intended to continue the theoretical analysis of the ignition of gaseous mixtures and to begin the study of the heterogeneous mixture ignition. In the experiments methane and propane air ignition by burning aluminum particles were studied. In this period of research it was of interest to study the ignition limits of mixtures of air with the vapor of a volatile liquid fuel. This information expanded the data base relevant to ignition of liquid fuel sprays by burning metal particles. Theoretical work on the ignition of gaseous mixtures was completed during this period. Both computational and analytical studies were made. Since delivery of the gas mixtures and vapor mixtures to the combustion chamber were fundamentally different, several modifications to the existing apparatus were made to meet the new objectives of the program. It was of interest to be able to obtain a direct measurement of the temperature of the burning particle. Therefore, the possibility of outfitting the experimental apparatus with an optical pyrometer was examined. (jhd).

Download or read book Studies of Wall Flame Quenching and Hydrocarbon Emissions in a Model Spark Ignition Engine written by Nobuhiko Ishikawa and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Study of the Air fuel Mixture in a Small Spark Ignition Engine written by Suzanne Caulfield and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to understand the fluid dynamics in the droplet formation process, during the fuel delivery portion of operation of a small spark ignition engine, a computational study of the process was undertaken. A combination of high-speed photography and Computational Fluid Dynamics was used to investigate the droplet formation process.

Download or read book Combustion Studies in a Spark ignition Engine written by Halit Çakir and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cold Start and Hydrocarbon Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fuelled with Ethanol gasoline Mixtures written by Benjamin David Waters and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there has been a renewed interest in the use of ethanol as a future fuel for spark ignition engines. The finite availability of oil coupled with concerns about global warming and CO2 emissions has led to an increase in the use of ethanol which is produced from biomass. Generally ethanol is blended with gasoline to make an automotive fuel with the most common blend being E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume), which is used in Sweden and in the USA. Unlike gasoline, ethanol is a single component fuel which has a low volatility especially at low temperatures which means that cold-starting a spark ignition engine with ethanol-gasoline fuel blends is more difficult. In Europe cold-starting emission testing must be completed at ambient temperature and -7°C. During cold-starting tests with ethanol-gasoline blends high fuelling levels are required to form a combustible mixture and start the engine which results in high hydrocarbon emissions. This study investigates the start performance of a range of ethanol-gasoline blends in a port fuel injected spark ignition engine. Tests are completed at both ambient temperature at -rc and the start performance is characterised by the fuelling levels required to start the engine, the emissions of hydrocarbons and the fuel unaccounted for during the test. The optimum first start fuelling level is highly dependent on the proportion of ethanol in the fuel. The lower volatility of the ethanol fuel blends meant that it is harder to form a combustible mixture without injecting high levels of fuel. The high fuel injection rates result in high levels of liquid fuel being inducted into the cylinder which causes high HC emissions and fuel unaccounted for during the start. Under ambient temperature starts E 10 and E25 offer start performance benefits over gasoline, whilst E50 and in some aspects E75 are comparable to gasoline. E85 fuel results in considerably higher emissions of HCs and fuel unaccounted for than gasoline during ambient temperature starts. At -rc the start performance with ethanol suffers compared to gasoline. When using E10 and E25 the start performance is comparable to gasoline, but with E50 and the higher proportion ethanol fuel blends the start performance becomes far poorer. With E85 the mass of fuel emitted from the engine as un-burnt HCs during a -rc start is seven times the quantity with gasoline. Hardware modifications were made to the engine in order to try to improve the start performance of -rc E85 starts. Of the modifications tested heating the fuel within the fuel rail produced the biggest start improvement followed by heating the intake air. An extended cranking period prior to the start of the test only produced a small improvement in start performance and is not worthwhile compared to the energy needed to crank the engine. With both fuel rail and intake air heating the start fuelling level can be 40.5% below the baseline E85 level and peak HC emissions are reduced by 30.5%. The low volatility of E85 meant that even when incorporating the hardware modifications, the start performance of the engine is still not comparable to the standard engine running on gasoline due to high emissions of HCs. When cold-starting, especially at low temperatures, the use of high proportion ethanol-gasoline fuel blends is not suitable if low emissions of HCs are a priority. Longer duration tests were also completed with different ethanol-gasoline fuel blends in order to investigate their influence on engine warm-up characteristics. Larger proportions of ethanol within the fuel resulted in higher engine work output and lower heat rejection to the coolant and oil. With E 100 it takes 7.2% longer for the thermostat to open compared to gasoline. The warm-up tests also showed that the exhaust gas temperature is lower with ethanol in the fuel, which will result in a longer period before the catalyst lights-off. A higher proportion of ethanol in the fuel results in lower NOx emissions due to reduced peak temperatures within the engine.

Download or read book Spark Ignition Studies in Flowing Liquid Fuel air Mixtures written by K. V. L. Rao and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An investigation of the ignition of hydrocarbon air mixtures in an adiabetic compression machine written by Hee Lum Ng and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spark Ignition of Fuel air Mixtures written by John F. Engle and published by . This book was released on 1979* with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Chemistry Controlling Ignition of Hydrocarbons and Their Mixtures at High Pressure written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research program to study the oxidation and ignition chemistry of single and multiple component hydrocarbon fuels at high pressures has been conducted at Drexel University. The current program was initiated in May 1998 through a grant from the Army Research Office (Grant No. DAAG55-98-1-0286, Project No. 37699-EG) and was completed in April 2002. The program was augmented by efforts under an associated AASERT award (Grant No. DAAG55-97-1-0196; Project No. 36910-EG-AAS). The purpose of this project was to investigate the complex interactions between individual components of 2, 3, and 4 component mixtures and full boiling range fuels by developing kinetic and mechanistic information in the low and intermediate temperature ranges (600 1000 K) and at elevated pressures (up to 20 atm). In addition, simplified blends were developed to mimic the behavior of gasoline and JP-8 distillate fuels in the low and intermediate temperature regime.