Download or read book A Study of Pathogenesis related PR Proteins from Pearl Millet Pennisetum Glaucum After Infection with the Downy Mildew Pathogen Sclerospora Graminicola written by Manjula Mundakana and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book In Vitro Culture and Pathogenesis Related Protein in Pearl Millet Pennisetum Glaucum L R Br Infected with Downy Mildew Sclerospora Graminicola Sacc Shroter written by P. V.Sathya Narayanan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathogenesis Related Proteins in Plants written by Swapan K. Datta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-04-29 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great deal of research has been focused on the isolation, characterization, and regulation of expression of pathogenesis-related proteins since the discovery that several of the PR-proteins had antimicrobial or insecticidal activity and can delay the progression of diseases caused by several pathogens belonging to diverse genera. This is an excit

Download or read book Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress written by Indian Science Congress Association and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Changes in Carbohydrates in Pearl Millet After Infection by Downy Mildew Sclerospora Graminicola Sacc Sachroet written by D. Raja Ram Reddy and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on Downy Mildew Sclerospora Graminicola SACC Schroet of Pearl Millet Pennisetum Typhoides Burm F Stapf and C E Hubb written by Joginder Kumar Dang and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biochemical Studies on Downy Mildew sclerospora Graminicola Sacc Schroet Pathogenesis in Pearl Millet written by Neeru Wadhwa and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathogenesis related Protein P14a Interferes with Programmed Cell Death and is Synthesized Under Translational Control written by Juan Pedro Sánchez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogenesis related (PR) proteins have been defined as proteins that are induced in plants in response to pathogens, although they are also induced by treatment with certain chemicals, most notably salicylic acid. Since their discovery in the early 1970's, the pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins have been subject to an increase research in view of their possible role in plant resistance against pathogens. The biological function of the PR-1 family of PR proteins from plants has remained elusive since its discovery although there is extensive research that associates PR-1 expression to a role in disease resistance in plants. Previous research from the Gilchrist laboratory identified a PR-1 homolog from tomato, P14a, as a protein capable of suppressing programmed cell death (PCD). The objective of this study was to identify the mechanism by which P14a suppresses PCD. However, my research revealed that the expression of P14a is subject to an uncharacterized translational control, and this study also aimed to identify the mechanism(s) and/or component(s) involved in such regulation. First, the identification of P14a as a suppressor of mycotoxin-induced cell death in transgenic tomato roots is shown. A co-immunoprecipitation screen performed in Arabidopsis protein extracts enabled the identification of several putative P14a interactors, some of which represent members of the Rac1 immune complex, which suggests that P14a has the capacity to modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by modifying their induction and/or signaling. Second, research presented here suggests that members from the PR-1 family from tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana are subject to translational regulation. The untranslated regions (UTRs) of the PR-1 mRNA tomato homolog, P14a, were identified as being important elements that regulate the translation of this message. The translation of a P14a-GFP fusion protein was observed to be restricted to the areas immediately adjacent to lesions caused by P. syringae pv tabaci inoculation of tobacco leaves and by expression of a caspase-3 orthologue in tobacco leaves, which suggests that a signal emanating from a dead or a dying cell is required for translation of P14a. It is hypothesized that the interplay among these signals during translation in vivo, may ensure proper timing of translation of PR-1 during plant-microbe interactions. Finally, a microRNA (miRNA) or miRNA-like RNA encoded by the Grape Fanleaf virus (GFLV) was shown to directly bind to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) from P14a and have the capacity to enhance the translation of P14a in planta This small RNA was detected employing a Taqman® assay in GFLV-infected tissue, but not in uninfected tissue. These results suggest that the small RNA encoded by GFLV might have a role in pathogenicity and in preventing PCD, which is essential for strict biotrophic pathogens like viruses.

Download or read book Epidemiology and Control of Pearl Millet Pennisetum Americanum L Leeke Downy Mildew Sclerospora Graminicola Sacc Schroet written by S. Appaji and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigations on Downy Mildew Sclerospora Graminicola SACC of Pearl Millet Pennisetum Americanum L Leeke written by K. Chandrasekhara Rao and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathogenic and Genetic Diversity in Populations of Sclerospora Graminicola The Incitant of Downy Mildew in Pearl Millet written by B. Pushpavathi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathogenesis Related Proteins in Dioscorea Bulbifera L written by Allyson Joy Bradley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Plants experience a myriad of diverse stress stimuli, and because they are sessile organisms they have had to evolve intricate defense mechanisms for survival. Defenses include a unique family of proteins called pathogenesis related (PR) proteins. These low molecular weight proteins can be constitutively expressed or highly inducible upon elicitation by fungal pathogens. The signaling pathways that lead to the expression of the PR proteins are regulated by the plant hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Western blot data provide evidence that the PR proteins chitinase and a-1,3-glucanase are present in both leaf and tuber tissues of Dioscorea bulbifera L. Upon treatment of leaf tissue with SA, expression of a 47 kDa chitinase was up regulated after both 24 and 48 hours. Leaves treated with Fusarium graminearum cell wall fragments exhibited a unique triplet of bands with molecular weights of 28, 24, and 16 kDa. Tuber tissues exhibited constitutive expression of a 119 kDa and a 34 kDa chitinase and a 31 kDa a-1,3-glucanase across all treatments. This thesis provides evidence that supports the role of chitinases and a-1,3-glucanases as part of a defense response in aerial tubers and leaves of D. bulbifera L.

Download or read book Plant Defence Biological Control written by Jean Michel Mérillon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-03 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To meet the challenge of feeding ever increasing human population, efficient, economical and environment friendly disease control methods are required. Pests are responsible for heavy crop losses and reduced food supplies, poorer quality of agricultural products, economic hardship for growers and processor. Generally, chemical control methods are neither always economical nor are they effective and may have associated unwanted health, safety and environmental risks. Biological control involves use of beneficial microorganism to control plant pathogens and diseases they cause and offers an environmental friendly approach to the effective management of plant diseases. This book provides a comprehensive account of interaction of host and its pathogens, induced host resistance, development of biological control agents for practical applications, the underlying mechanism and signal transduction. The book is useful to all those working in academia or industry related to crop protection.

Download or read book Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement Volume 2 written by Satbir Singh Gosal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-09 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 15 years, cellular and molecular approaches have emerged as valuable adjuncts to supplement and complement conventional breeding methods for a wide variety of crop plants. Biotechnology increasingly plays a role in the creation, conservation, characterization and utilization of genetic variability for germplasm enhancement. For instance, anther/microspore culture, somaclonal variation, embryo culture and somatic hybridization are being exploited for obtaining incremental improvement in the existing cultivars. In addition, genes that confer insect- and disease-resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, herbicide tolerance and quality traits have been isolated and re-introduced into otherwise sensitive or susceptible species by a variety of transgenic techniques. Together these transformative methodologies grant access to a greater repertoire of genetic diversity as the gene(s) may come from viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects, animals, human beings, unrelated plants or even be artificially derived. Remarkable achievements have been made in the production, characterization, field evaluation and commercialization of transgenic crop varieties worldwide. Likewise, significant advances have been made towards increasing crop yields, improving nutritional quality, enabling crops to be raised under adverse conditions and developing resistance to pests and diseases for sustaining global food and nutritional security. The overarching purpose of this 3-volume work is to summarize the history of crop improvement from a technological perspective but to do so with a forward outlook on further advancement and adaptability to a changing world. Our carefully chosen “case studies of important plant crops” intend to serve a diverse spectrum of audience looking for the right tools to tackle complicated local and global issues.

Download or read book PGPR Biocontrol and Biofertilization written by Zaki Anwar Siddiqui and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-19 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PGPR have gained world wide importance and acceptance for agricultural benefits. These microorganisms are the potential tools for sustainable agriculture and the trend for the future. Scientific researches involve multidisciplinary approaches to understand adaptation of PGPR to the rhizosphere, mechanisms of root colonization, effects on plant physiology and growth, biofertilization, induced systemic resistance, biocontrol of plant pathogens, production of determinants etc. Biodiversity of PGPR and mechanisms of action for the different groups: diazotrophs, bacilli, pseudomonads, and rhizobia are shown. Effects of physical, chemical and biological factors on root colonization and the proteomics perspective on biocontrol and plant defence mechanism is discussed. Visualization of interactions of pathogens and biocontrol agents on plant roots using autofluorescent protein markers has provided more understanding of biocontrol process. Commercial formulations and field applications of PGPR are detailed.

Download or read book Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices written by Pradeep Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant diseases play an important role on our daily lives. Most of plant diseases are visible and are caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Symptoms are usually the results of a morphological change, alteration or damage to plant tissue and/or cells due to an interference of the plant’s metabolism. All basic structures of vascular plants are subject to attack by pathogens. The failure in accurate disease diagnosis and management may lead to huge losses in plant production and related commodities, which causes nutritional food scarcity. Typically, the appearance of a biotic symptom will indicate the relatively late stage of an infection and/or colonization of a pathogen. Expert detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely management play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book expert scholars share their research knowledge and key literature which are vital toward the diagnosis of plant diseases across the globe, addressing traditional plant pathology techniques, as well as advanced molecular diagnostic approach.

Download or read book Microbial mediated Induced Systemic Resistance in Plants written by Devendra K. Choudhary and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on food safety, this book highlights the importance of microbes in sustainable agriculture. Plants, sessile organisms that are considered as primary producers in the ecosystem and communicate with above- and below-ground communities that consist of microbes, insects, and other vertebrate and invertebrate animals, are subjected to various kinds of stress. Broadly speaking, these can be subdivided into abiotic and biotic stresses. Plants have evolved to develop elaborate mechanisms for coping with and adapting to the environmental stresses. Among other stresses, habitat-imposed biotic stress is one serious condition causing major problems for crop productivity. Most plants employ plant-growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) to combat and protect themselves from stresses and also for better growth. PGPMs are bacteria associated with plant roots and they augment plant productivity and immunity. They are also defined as root-colonizing bacteria that have beneficial effects on plant growth and development. Remarkably, PGPMs including mycorrhizae, rhizobia, and rhizobacteria (Acinetobacter, Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Frankia, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Thiobacillus) form associations with plant roots and can promote plant growth by increasing plants’ access to soil minerals and protecting them against pathogens. To combat the pathogens causing different diseases and other biotic stresses, PGPMs produce a higher level of resistance in addition to plants’ indigenous immune systems in the form of induced systemic resistance (ISR). The ISR elicited by PGPMs has suppressed plant diseases caused by a range of pathogens in both the greenhouse and field. As such, the role of these microbes can no longer be ignored for sustainable agriculture. Today, PGPMs are also utilized in the form of bio-fertilizers to increase plant productivity. However, the use of PGPMs requires a precise understanding of the interactions between plants and microbes, between microbes and microbiota, and how biotic factors influence these relationships. Consequently, continued research is needed to develop new approaches to boost the efficiency of PGPMs and to understand the ecological, genetic and biochemical relationships in their habitat. The book focuses on recent research concerning interactions between PGPMs and plants under biotic stress. It addresses key concerns such as – 1. The response of benign microbes that benefit plants under biotic stress 2. The physiological changes incurred in plants under harsh conditions 3. The role of microbial determinants in promoting plant growth under biotic stress The book focuses on a range of aspects related to PGPMs such as their mode of action, priming of plant defence and plant growth in disease challenged crops, multifunctional bio-fertilizers, PGPM-mediated disease suppression, and the effect of PGPMs on secondary metabolites etc. The book will be a valuable asset to researchers and professionals working in the area of microbial-mediated support of plants under biotic stress.