Download or read book A Study of Friction Stir Welded 2195 Al Li Alloy by the Scanning Reference Electrode Technique written by Merlin D. Danford and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the corrosion of friction stir welded 2195 Al-Li alloy has been carried out using the scanning reference electrode technique (SRET). The results are compared to those obtained from a study of heterogeneously welded samples.
Download or read book A Study of Friction Stir Welded 2195 Al Li Alloy by the Scanning Reference Electrode Technique written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the corrosion of friction stir welded 2195 Al-Li alloy has been carried out using the scanning reference electrode technique (SRET). The results are compared to those obtained from a study of heterogeneously welded samples. Donford, M. D. and Ding, R. J. Marshall Space Flight Center NASA/TP-1998-207399, NAS 1.60:207399, M-858 ...
Download or read book Corrosion Studies of 2195 Al Li Alloy and 2219 Al Alloy with Differing Surface Treatments written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion studies of 2195 Al-Li and 2219 Al alloys have been conducted using the scanning reference electrode technique (SRET) and the polarization resistance (PR) technique. The SRET was used to study corrosion mechanisms, while corrosion rate measurements were studied with the PR technique. Plates of Al203 blasted, soda blasted and conversion coated 2219 Al were coated with Deft primer and the corrosion rates studied with the EIS technique. Results from all of these studies are presented. Danford, M. D. and Mendrek, M. J. Marshall Space Flight Center ...
Download or read book Friction Stir Welding of 2XXX Aluminum Alloys including Al Li Alloys written by Rajiv S. Mishra and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Friction Stir Processing of 2XXX Aluminum Alloys including Al-Li Alloys is the latest edition in the Friction Stir Welding and Processing series and examines the application of friction stir welding to high strength 2XXX series alloys, exploring the past and current developments in the field. The book features recent research showing significant benefit in terms of joint efficiency and fatigue performance as a result of friction stir welding. Friction stir welding has demonstrated significant benefits in terms of its potential to reduce cost and increase manufacturing efficiency of industrial products including transportation, particularly the aerospace sector. The 2XXX series aluminum alloys are the premium aluminum alloys used in aerospace. The book includes discussion of the potential future directions for further optimization, and is designed for both practicing engineers and materials scientists, as well as researchers in the field. Provides comprehensive coverage of friction stir welding of 2XXX series alloys Discusses the physical metallurgy of the alloys Includes physical metallurgy-based guidelines for obtaining high joint efficiency Features illustrated examples of the application of FSW in the aerospace industry
Download or read book FY 1998 Scientific and Technical Reports Articles Papers and Presentations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction Stir Welding of High Strength Precipitation Strengthened Aluminum Alloys written by Harpreet Sidhar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising demand for improved fuel economy and structural efficiency are the key factors for use of aluminum alloys for light weighting in aerospace industries. Precipitation strengthened 2XXX and 7XXX aluminum alloys are the key aluminum alloys used extensively in aerospace industry. Welding and joining is the critical step in manufacturing of integrated structures. Joining of precipitation strengthened aluminum alloys using conventional fusion welding techniques is difficult and rather undesirable in as it produces dendritic microstructure and porosities which can undermine the structural integrity of weldments. Friction stir welding, invented in 1991, is a solid state joining technique inherently benefitted to reduces the possibility of common defects associated with fusion based welding techniques. Weldability of various 2XXX and 7XXX aluminum alloys via friction stir welding was investigated. Microstructural and mechanical property evolution during welding and after post weld heat treatment was studied using experimental techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, hardness testing, and tensile testing. Various factors such as peak welding temperature, cooling rate, external cooling methods (thermal management) which affects the strength of the weldment were studied. Post weld heat treatment of AL-Mg-Li alloy produced joint as strong as the parent material. Modified post weld heat treatment in case of welding of Al-Zn-Mg alloy also resulted in near 100% joint efficiency whereas the maximum weld strength achieved in case of welds of Al-Cu-Li alloys was around 80-85% of parent material strength. Low dislocation density and high nucleation barrier for the precipitates was observed to be responsible for relatively low strength recovery in Al-Cu-Li alloys as compared to Al-Mg-Li and Al-Zn-Mg alloys.
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction Stir Welding of High Strength 7XXX Aluminum Alloys written by Rajiv S. Mishra and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Friction Stir Welding of High Strength 7XXX Aluminum Alloys is the latest edition in the Friction Stir series and summarizes the research and application of friction stir welding to high strength 7XXX series alloys, exploring the past and current developments in the field. Friction stir welding has demonstrated significant benefits in terms of its potential to reduce cost and increase manufacturing efficiency of industrial products in transportation, particularly the aerospace sector. The 7XXX series aluminum alloys are the premium aluminum alloys used in aerospace. These alloys are typically not weldable by fusion techniques and considerable effort has been expended to develop friction stir welding parameters. Research in this area has shown significant benefit in terms of joint efficiency and fatigue performance as a result of friction stir welding. The book summarizes those results and includes discussion of the potential future directions for further optimization. Offers comprehensive coverage of friction stir welding of 7XXX series alloys Discusses the physical metallurgy of the alloys Includes physical metallurgy based guidelines for obtaining high joint efficiency Summarizes the research and application of friction stir welding to high strength 7XXX series alloys, exploring the past and current developments in the field
Download or read book A Fundamental Study of Laser Beam Welding Aluminum Lithium Alloy 2195 for Cryogenic Tank Applications written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the potential for decreasing costs of joining stiffeners to skin by laser beam welding, a fundamental research program was conducted to address the impediments identified during an initial study involving laser beam welding of aluminum-lithium alloys. Initial objectives of the program were the identification of governing mechanism responsible for process related porosity while establishing a multivariant relationship between process parameters and fusion zone geometry for laser beam welds of alloy 2195. A three-level fractional factorial experiment was conducted to establish quantitative relationships between primary laser beam processing parameters and critical weld attributes. Although process consistency appeared high for welds produced during partial completion of this study, numerous cracks on the top-surface of the welds were discovered during visual inspection and necessitated additional investigations concerning weld cracking. Two experiments were conducted to assess the effect of filler alloy additions on crack sensitivity: the first experiment was used to ascertain the effects of various filler alloys on cracking and the second experiment involved modification to process parameters for increasing filler metal dilution. Results indicated that filler alloys 4047 and 4145 showed promise for eliminating cracking. Martukanitz, R. P. and Jan. R. Langley Research Center...
Download or read book The Effect of Friction Stir Welding on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Third Generation Al Cu Li Alloy written by Rosen Ivanov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The effect of friction stir welding on the microstructure, precipitation, mechanical properties, and tensile fracture has been studied. Friction stir welding has been applied to a third generation Al-Cu-Li alloy, the AA2199, in the T3 condition. Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) to the T8 condition, was carried out to artificially age the welds and improve mechanical properties. Welds were characterised using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), micro-hardness, and tensile testing. Welds created with tool rotation speed of 877RPM showed ultimate tensile strength level of 93% of base metal in the T8, an elongation of 6% at fracture, and microhardness values ranging between 120-140 HV across the welds. The ability of welds to gain in hardness and strength during PWHT has been linked to the limited formation of large scale precipitates which act as sinks for alloying elements." --
Download or read book A Study of Friction Stir Welding on 6061 T6 Aluminum Alloy written by Xinyu Guo and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction Stir Welding written by Noor Zaman Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of mechanical properties and its characterization is important to the weld quality whose further analysis requires mechanical property and microstructure correlation. Present book addresses the basic understanding of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process that includes effect of various process parameters on the quality of welded joints. It discusses about various problems related to the welding of dissimilar aluminium alloys including influence of FSW process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of such alloys. As a case study, effect of important process parameters on joint quality of dissimilar aluminium alloys is included.
Download or read book Corrosion and Environment assisted Cracking Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Al 2195 and Al 2219 Alloys written by Wusheng Hu and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanical Metallurgical and Fatigue Properties of Friction Stir Welded and Tungsten Inert Gas Welded AA6061 T6 Aluminium Alloys written by Akshansh Mishra and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2017 in the subject Engineering - Mechanical Engineering, grade: 8.9, SRM University, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the mechanical, microstructural and fatigue analysis of welded joints. In the study, 6061-T6 aluminium alloy plates in 4mm thickness, that are particularly used for aerospace and in automotive industries, were welded using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and Friction Stir Welding (FSW) methods as similar joints with one side pass and parameters of varying tool rotation, weld speed and 2.3 degree tool tilt angle. The weld zones cross sections were analysed with light optical microscopy (LOM). During recent years several investigations have been made of fatigue properties of friction stir welded joints. The great majority of available data from the fatigue analysis of friction stir welded joints are concerned with uniaxial loading conditions for a simple geometry. In uniaxial loading nominal stress is normally used as reference stress and it is easy to determine. However, fatigue failure is a highly localized phenomenon in engineering components and determining the nominal stress is not always possible due to the complexity of structures and presence of stress concentrators such as notches and cracks in which many approaches based on local parameters.
Download or read book Friction Stir Processing for Enhanced Low Temperature Formability written by Christopher B. Smith and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of friction stir processing to locally modify the microstructure to enhanced formability has the potential to alter the manufacturing of structural shapes. There is enough research to put together a short monograph detailing the fundamentals and key findings. One example of conventional manufacturing technique for aluminum alloys involves fusion welding of 5XXX series alloys. This can be replaced by friction stir welding, friction stir processing and forming. A major advantage of this switch is the enhanced properties. However qualification of any new process involves a series of tests to prove that material properties of interest in the friction stir welded or processed regions meet or exceed those of the fusion welded region (conventional approach). This book will provide a case study of Al5083 alloy with some additional examples of high strength aluminum alloys. Demonstrates how friction stir processing enabled forming can expand the design space by using thick sheet/plate for applications where pieces are joined because of lack of formability Opens up new method for manufacturing of structural shapes Shows how the process has the potential to lower the cost of a finished structure and enhance the design allowables
Download or read book Friction Stir Welding of Thin sheet Age hardenable Aluminum Alloys a Study of Process structure property Relationships written by Alpesh K. Shukla and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Material Flow and Microstructure Evolution in Friction Stir Welding of AA6111 Alloy Sheets written by Manasij Kumar Yadava and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Material flow and microstructure evolution are the two important aspects of the Friction stir welding (FSW) technique, which control the properties and performance of the friction stir welds. The present work investigates these two aspects of the FSW with main emphasis on the friction stir lap joints (FSLJs) on the AA6111 sheets. Due to the characteristic material flow during FSW, the faying surfaces in FSLPs are deposited in and around the weld nugget and create unavoidable defects. These defects reduce the load carrying thickness of the joints by providing an easy path for the weld failure. Therefore, to control the faying surface defects, a clear understanding of the material flow in FSW and its effect on the FSLJs is needed. With this objective, a comprehensive study of the material flow during FSLJs and the effects of various process parameters on the faying surface defects were conducted. This study not only revealed the mechanism of the formation of the faying surface defects but also explained the detailed material flow in the FSW. This investigation was further extended to study the role of FSW tool features on the material flow and the tool features to control the faying surface defects were proposed. The microstructure evolution during the FSW of AA6111 was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microhardness and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. This study showed that the increase in the heat input during FSW resulted in better aging response of the joints. The microhardness and strength variation across the FSW weld were explained from the DSC and TEM observations"--Abstract, leaf iv.
