Download or read book A Study of Formative Assessment and High Stakes Testing Issues of Student Efficacy and Teacher Views in the Mathematics Classroom written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the age of high stakes testing, research shows that the focus on summative assessment is overshadowing the importance and use of formative assessment. According to Black and Wiliam (2005), interim assessments coupled with large-scale assessments represent substantial and well-entrenched obstacles that prevent the growth of formative assessment use in the United States. Exploring ways to overcome these obstacles, this research introduced teachers to the concept of a comprehensive balanced assessment system that values accountability statewide assessment (summative), interim/benchmark assessment (summative), and classroom assessment (summative and formative). The methodology of the study involved four teachers from two high schools in North Carolina who participated in a 16-week Formative Assessment (FA) Project led by the researcher. The study included professional development consisting of four modules, application in practice, and participation in a learning community. Formative assessment, in short, was defined as a process used during instruction to adjust teaching and learning. A grounded theory approach was employed to determine (1) what themes emerge as teachers implemented formative assessment in the age of high stakes testing; and (2) what new behaviors and/or attitudes students exhibit as a result of the implementation of formative assessment. Data was collected using field observations, interviews, and artifact reviews. The data supported the conclusion that teacher's views about assessment were changed to become more inclusive of students as partners in the assessment process. Students' self-efficacy increased as evidenced by their increased commitments to the learning process, use of metacognitive strategies, and levels of engagement. Based on the six themes that emerged from the data, the researcher identified four steps in the formative assessment process and three essential elements that need to be present for successful implementation in high scho.
Download or read book A Study of Formative Assessment and High Stakes Testing written by Sarah McMillian McManus and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: Formative Assessment, Mathematics, High Stakes Testing.
Download or read book The Road to Charlottesville written by Maris Vinovskis and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Thinking and Formative Assessments written by Todd Stanley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develop your students' critical thinking skills and prepare them to perform competitively in the classroom, on state tests, and beyond. In this book, Moore and Stanley show you how to effectively instruct your students to think on higher levels, and how to assess their progress. As states implement the Common Core State Standards, teachers have been called upon to provide higher levels of rigor in their classrooms. Moore and Stanley demonstrate critical thinking as a key approach to accomplishing this goal. They explore the benefits of critical thinking and provide the tools you need to develop and monitor critical thinking skills in the classroom. Topics include: The Difference Between Higher-Level and Lower-Level Thinking Writing Higher-Level Thinking Questions Assessing Critical Thinking Strategies to Develop Higher-Level Thinking Skills
Download or read book High Stakes Testing in Education written by Theo J.H.M Eggen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-stakes educational testing is a global phenomenon which is increasing in both scale and importance. Assessments are high-stakes when there are serious consequences for one or more stakeholders. Historically, tests have largely been used for selection or for providing a ‘licence to practise’, making them high-stakes for the test takers. Testing is now also used for the purposes of improving standards of teaching and learning and of holding schools accountable for their students’ results. These tests then become high-stakes for teachers and schools, especially when they have to meet externally imposed targets. More recent has been the emergence of international comparative testing, which has become high-stakes for governments and policy makers as their education systems are judged in relation to the performances of other countries. In this book we draw on research which examines each of these uses of high-stakes testing. The articles evaluate the impact of such assessments and explore the issues of value and fairness which they raise. To underline the international appeal of high-stakes testing the studies are drawn from Australia, Africa, the Caribbean, Europe, former Soviet republics and North America. Collectively they illustrate the power of high-stakes assessment in shaping, for better or for worse, policy making and schooling. This book was originally published as a special issue of Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice.
Download or read book Inside the black box written by Paul Black and published by Granada Learning. This book was released on 1998 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers practical advice on using and improving assessment for learning in the classroom.
Download or read book The ABCs of Educational Testing written by W. James Popham and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amplify your assessment literacy. Formative, data-driven, high-stakes—we all know the buzzwords surrounding educational testing. But we often shelve our understanding of these because they are overwhelmingly complex. Those who care about our schools and students—teachers, administrators, policymakers, parents, citizens—will discover how and why testing should be taken upon ourselves to advance. Using a nontechnical approach, this book offers fundamental knowledge to free you from testing fogginess—all framed around practical actions you can take to strengthen your assessment literacy. Inappropriate tests are leading to mistaken decisions, and this book provides everything you need to know to change that, including Reasons for tests Reliability/validity Fairness Test-building
Download or read book Assessment as Learning written by Lorna M. Earl and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Your key to understanding how formative assessment improves learning! High-stakes tests and end-of-year assessments dominate educational planning and curriculum. Yet, formative assessments are proven to have the most impact on day-to-day learning. Teachers who understand how to use assessment to spark learning unlock a powerful educational tool, and Assessment as Learning can show you how. Using clear explanations and poignant cases, this book illustrates how formative assessment can be used to understand student beliefs, inform classroom instruction, and encourage student reflection. Fully revised, this second edition features Discussion of the complex nature of learning Ways to use formative assessment in a variety of contexts Real-life examples and case studies of assessment in action Sample rubrics and lesson plans for easy implementation Ideas for Follow-up at the end of each chapter Insights into common classroom dilemmas along with viable solutions Unraveling the mystery of formative assessment, this resource reveals how this teaching technique optimizes learning. "Lorna Earl is an international thought leader when it comes to linking quality assessment to teaching, learning and student success." —Rick Stiggins, Author and Consultant "Earl begins at the beginning, focusing on assessing what students believe is true and using assessment information to help students develop and extend learning from those initial beliefs. Readers should do likewise, asking themselves what they believe is true about assessment and then extending their learning with this book." —Susan M. Brookhart, Consultant Brookhart Enterprises
Download or read book Improving Formative Assessment Practice to Empower Student Learning written by E. Caroline Wylie and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2012-02-24 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercharge your formative assessment skills and watch student learning soar! Teachers routinely ask and answer a series of three questions with and for students: Where are my students headed? Where are they right now? How can I close the gap between where they are and where I want them to be? This text suggests that teachers also ask these parallel questions of themselves: Where am I going? What can formative assessment practice look like? Where am I currently in my formative assessment practice? How do I close the gap? Readers are then encouraged to select a specific aspect of formative assessment to investigate, explore relevant personal practice relevant to that aspect, implement necessary changes, reflect on those changes, and continue the change process. This practical guide can be used by individual teachers or collaboratively as a study guide for a learning community. The authors describe an effective four-step process for improving teachers′ formative assessment practices that provides opportunities to reflect, consider alternative instructional approaches, and apply what they have learned. Case studies provide examples of formative assessment in practice, along with examples of teacher-implemented changes. A companion website includes an array of tools and templates for organizing, gathering, and systematically using information to strengthen formative assessment skills. This practical guide can be used by individual teachers or collaboratively as a study guide for a learning community. Case studies provide examples of formative assessment in practice, along with examples of teachers implementing changes in their practice. A companion website includes an array of tools and templates for organizing, gathering, and systematically using information to strengthen formative assessment skills.
Download or read book Teacher Involvement in High Stakes Language Testing written by Daniel Xerri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-02 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book advocates that teachers should play an active role in high-stakes language testing and that more weight should be given to teacher judgement. This is likely to increase the formative potential of high-stakes tests and provide teachers with a sense of ownership. The implication is that the knowledge and skills they develop by being involved in these tests will feed into their own classroom practices. The book also considers the arguments against teacher involvement, e.g. the contention that teacher involvement might entrench the practice of teaching to the test, or that teachers should not be actively involved in high-stakes language testing because their judgement is insufficiently reliable. Using contributions from a wide range of international educational contexts, the book proposes that a lack of reliability in teacher judgement is best addressed by means of training and not by barring educators from participating in high-stakes language testing. It also argues that their involvement in testing helps teachers to bolster confidence in their own judgement and develop their assessment literacy. Moreover, teacher involvement empowers them to play a role in reforming high-stakes language testing so that it is more equitable and more likely to enhance classroom practices. High-stakes language tests that adopt such an inclusive approach facilitate more effective learning on the part of teachers, which ultimately benefits all their students.
Download or read book Formative Assessment in United States Classrooms written by Cathy Box and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of formative assessment in the US and explores its potential for changing the landscape of teaching and learning to meet the needs of twenty-first century learners. The author uses case studies to illuminate the complexity of teaching and the externally imposed and internally constructed contextual elements that affect assessment decision-making. In this book, Box argues effectively for a renewed vision for teacher professional development that centers around the needs of students in a knowledge economy. Finally, Box offers an overview of systemic changes that are needed in order for progressive teaching and relevant learning to take place.
Download or read book The Unintended Consequences of High Stakes Testing written by Gail M. Jones and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2003-04-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To better understand how high-stakes accountability has influenced teaching and learning, this book takes an in-depth look at the myriad consequences that high-stakes tests hold for students, teachers, administrators, and the public. By focusing on these tests and spending large amounts of time on test preparation and driving teachers to teach low-level, rote memorization, schools are essentially wiping out non-tested subjects such as science, social studies, physical education, and the arts. Although testing is promoted as a strategy for improving education for all, research shows that testing has differential effects on students with special needs, minority students, students living in poverty, and those for whom English is a second language. The Unintended Consequences of High Stakes Testing unpacks the assumptions and philosophical foundations on which testing policies are based. The authors' arguments are grounded in extensive interviews and research. Through an examination of research, these authors show that high-stakes testing promotes students' dependence on extrinsic motivation at the cost of intrinsic motivation and the associated love of learning—which has tangible impacts on their education and lives. Features: -Examines how high stakes testing from the perspectives of teachers, students, and adminstrators. -Considers how testing impacts the curriculum including tested subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics as well as non-tested subjects such as science, social studies, physical education, and the arts. -Documents how teachers and administrators engage in test preparation and discusses ethical and unethical test preparation practices. -Reviews the evolution of testing through history and how it mpacts the curriculum. -Examines the differential effects of testing on students with special needs, minority students, students living in poverty, and those for whom English is a second language.
Download or read book The Knowledge Gap written by Natalie Wexler and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The untold story of the root cause of America's education crisis--and the seemingly endless cycle of multigenerational poverty. It was only after years within the education reform movement that Natalie Wexler stumbled across a hidden explanation for our country's frustrating lack of progress when it comes to providing every child with a quality education. The problem wasn't one of the usual scapegoats: lazy teachers, shoddy facilities, lack of accountability. It was something no one was talking about: the elementary school curriculum's intense focus on decontextualized reading comprehension "skills" at the expense of actual knowledge. In the tradition of Dale Russakoff's The Prize and Dana Goldstein's The Teacher Wars, Wexler brings together history, research, and compelling characters to pull back the curtain on this fundamental flaw in our education system--one that fellow reformers, journalists, and policymakers have long overlooked, and of which the general public, including many parents, remains unaware. But The Knowledge Gap isn't just a story of what schools have gotten so wrong--it also follows innovative educators who are in the process of shedding their deeply ingrained habits, and describes the rewards that have come along: students who are not only excited to learn but are also acquiring the knowledge and vocabulary that will enable them to succeed. If we truly want to fix our education system and unlock the potential of our neediest children, we have no choice but to pay attention.
Download or read book Assessment Essentials for Standards Based Education written by James H. McMillan and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2008-04-08 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised edition shows educators how to integrate assessment with teaching and learning and offers new chapters that discuss a variety of assessment and grading techniques.
Download or read book Using Formative Assessment Despite the Constraints of High Stakes Testing and Limited Resources written by George Viche Akom and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formative assessment, as a strategy used to improve student learning, encounters several obstacles in its implementation. This study explores changes in teachers' views and practices as they are introduced to formative assessment in a high stakes testing and limited resource environment. The study examines the extent to which teachers use the technique of formative assessment to engage students in authentic learning even while not sacrificing high test scores on summative assesments. A case study methodology was employed to address the research topic. Science teachers in the West African country of Cameroon were engaged in a process of lesson planning and implementation to collaboratively build lessons with large amounts of formative assessment. Qualitative data from written surveys, group discussions, classroom and workshop observations, and from teacher reflections reveal the extent to which lesson fidelity is preserved from views to planning to implementation. The findings revealed that though the teachers possess knowledge of a variety of assessment methods they do not systematically use these methods to collect information which could help in improving student learning. Oral questioning remained the dominant method of student assessment. The study also showed that the teachers made minimal to big changes depending on the particular aspect of formative assessment being considered. For aspects which needed just behavioral adaptations, the changes were significant but for those which needed acquisition of more pedagogic knowledge and skills the changes were minimal. In terms of constraints in the practice of formative assessment, the teachers cited large class size and lack of teaching materials as common ones. When provided with the opportunity to acquire teaching materials, however, they did not effectively utilize the opportunity. The study revealed a need for the acquisition of inquiry skills by the teachers which can serve as a platform for the implementation of formative assessment. Another implication of the findings is for teacher professional development to be on-going and classroom-based providing opportunities for teachers to experience and try new teaching methods.
Download or read book Formative Assessment Standards Based Grading written by Robert J. Marzano and published by Solution Tree Press. This book was released on 2011-10-27 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn everything you need to know to implement an integrated system of assessment and grading. The author details the specific benefits of formative assessment and explains how to design and interpret three different types of formative assessments, how to track student progress, and how to assign meaningful grades. Detailed examples bring each concept to life, and chapter exercises reinforce the content.
Download or read book Handbook of Formative Assessment written by Heidi Andrade and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-02 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formative assessment has recently become a focus of renewed research as state and federal policy-makers realize that summative assessments have reached a point of diminishing returns as a tool for increasing student achievement. Consequently, supporters of large-scale testing programs are now beginning to consider the potential of formative assessments to improve student achievement. The mission of this handbook is to comprehensively profile this burgeoning field of study. Written by leading international scholars and practitioners, each chapter includes a discussion of key issues that dominate formative assessment policy and practice today, as well as those that are likely to affect research and practice in the coming years. Key features include: Comprehensive – nineteen chapters cover all aspects of formative assessment including classroom assessment, large-scale applications, technological applications, applications for special needs students, K-12 and post-secondary applications, psychometric considerations, case studies, and discussion of alternative assessment formats such as portfolios and performance assessments. Integrative – thoughtful attention is given to the integration of large-scale and classroom assessments. Practical – provides practical guidance on how to conduct formative assessments that generate credible information to guide instruction. Global – provides perspectives from leading international scholars and practitioners whose expertise spans diverse settings, student populations, and educational systems. Accessible Style – although grounded in the latest research, the book’s style and tone has been carefully crafted to make it accessible to both the textbook and professional markets. It will also be a critical reference book for researchers in teacher preparation, educational administration, and educational policy studies.
