Download or read book The Grammar of Interactives written by Bernd Heine and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores a domain of discourse processing referred to as 'interactive grammar', based on an analysis of grammatical descriptions of over 100 languages spoken across the world. While much previous work has treated interactive grammar as a fairly marginal part of language, Bernd Heine describes it here as a distinct category that contrasts with sentence grammar both in its functions and its structural behavior. He identifies ten types of interactives - i.e. extra-clausal expressions of linguistic discourse: attention signals, directives, discourse markers, evaluatives, ideophones, interjections, response elicitors, response signals, social formulae, and vocatives. The analysis reveals that speakers make use of two contrasting modes for structuring their discourses, both of which are needed for successful communication: one is sentence grammar, which has a propositional format and analytic organization; the other is interactive grammar, which has a holophrastic organization and a focus on social communication. While the argument structure of sentence grammar is shaped by the propositional format of sentences, that of interactive grammar is shaped by the indexical nature of the situation of discourse. This distinction shows interesting correlations both with findings from neurolinguistic studies on differential activity in the two hemispheres of the human brain, and with observations from social psychology on the differences between systems of reasoning and judgment.

Download or read book Basic Word Order RLE Linguistics B Grammar written by Russell S Tomlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the frequencies of the six possible basic word (or constituent) orders (SOV, SVO, VSO, VOS, OSV, OVS) provides a typologically grounded explanation for those frequencies in terms of three independent, functional principles of linguistic organization. From a database of nearly 1,000 languages and their basic constituent orders, a sample of 400 languages was produced that is statistically representative of both the genetic and areal distributions of the world’s languages. This sample reveals the following relative frequencies (in order from high to low) of basic constituent order types: (1) SOV and SVO, (2) VSO, (3) VOS and OVS, (4) OSV. It is argued that these relative frequencies can be explained to be the result of the possible interactions of three fundamental functional principles of linguistic organization. Principle 1, the thematic information principle, specifies that initial position is the cross-linguistically favoured position for clause-level thematic information. Principle 2, the verb-object bonding principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for a transitive verb and its object to form a more tightly integrated unit, syntactically and semantically, than does a transitive verb and its subject. Principle 3, the animated principle, describes the cross-linguistic tendency for semantic arguments which are either more animate or more agentive to occur earlier in the clause. Each principle is motivated independently of the others, drawing on cross-linguistic data from more than 80 genetically and typologically diverse languages. Given these three independently motivated functional principles, it is argued that the relative frequency of basic constituent order types is due to the tendency for the three principles to be maximally realized in the world’s languages. SOV and SVO languages are typologically most frequent because such basic orders reflect all three principles. The remaining orders occur less frequently because they reflect fewer of the principles. The 1,000-language database and the genetic and areal classification frames are published as appendices to the volume.

Download or read book Controlled Natural Language written by Brian Davis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-11 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Controlled Natural Language, CNL 2016, held in Aberdeen, UK, in July 2016. The 11 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The topics range from natural languages which are controlled, to controlled languages with a natural language flavour; and from more theoretical results to interfaces, reasoning engines and real-life applications of CNLs.

Download or read book A simplified Runyankore Rukiga English and English Runyankore Rukiga dictionary written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Introduction to Language and Linguistics written by Ralph W. Fasold and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and up-to-date introduction to linguistics. This best-selling textbook addresses the full scope of language, from the traditional subjects of structural linguistics (relating to sound, form, meaning and language change) to the more specialised subjects of contextual linguistics (including discourse, dialect variation, language and culture, and the politics of language). There are also separate chapters on language and the brain, computational linguistics, writing, and first and second language learning. Extensively classroom-tested, this second edition has been revised to further support student learning, with numerous new examples, exercises and textboxes to model and contextualise key concepts. Updated throughout to incorporate contemporary issues and events, it includes worked examples of phonological analyses and multiple examples of a variety of World Englishes. A rich collection of online resources completes the learning package.

Download or read book A First Luyia Grammar written by L. L. Appleby and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uganda written by Great Britain. Colonial Office and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Negation Patterns in West African Languages and Beyond written by Norbert Cyffer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with issues on negation patterns in languages of West Africa and the adjacent north and east. The first aim is to provide data on various aspects of negation in African languages. Although the topics addressed here reflect a great diversity of negation patterns, the following typological features have been identified to be prominent in our region: conflict or even incompatibility between negation and focus, use of other indirect means of negating non-indicative mood (covered under the term Prohibitive ), different negation patterns in different Tense-Aspect-Moods (e.g. Imperfective vs. Perfective), lack of negative indefinites, and disjunctive negative marking (often referred to as double negation ). The articles presented here show that areal factors have played a significant role in the development of negation strategies in the languages of West Africa and beyond. On the other hand genetic factors seem to be less prominent."

Download or read book Introducing Linguistics written by Jonathan Culpeper and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing Linguistics brings together the work of scholars working at the cutting-edge of the field of linguistics, creating an accessible and wide-ranging introductory level textbook for newcomers to this area of study. The textbook: • Provides broad coverage of the field, comprising five key areas: language structures, mind and society, applications, methods, and issues; • Presents the latest research in an accessible way; • Incorporates examples from a wide variety of languages – from isiZulu to Washo – throughout; • Treats sign language in numerous chapters as yet another language, rather than a ‘special case’ confined to its own chapter; • Includes recommended readings and resource materials, and is supplemented by a companion website. This textbook goes beyond description and theory, giving weight to application and methodology. It is authored by a team of leading scholars from the world-renowned Lancaster University department, who have drawn on both their research and extensive classroom experience. Aimed at undergraduate students of linguistics, Introducing Linguistics is the ideal textbook to introduce students to the field of linguistics.

Download or read book Tense and Aspect in Bantu written by Derek Nurse and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008-07-03 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Nurse looks at variations in the form and function of tense and aspect in Bantu, a branch of Niger-Congo, the world's largest language phylum. His account is based on data from more than 200 Bantu languages and varieties, a representative sample of which is freely available on the publisher's website.

Download or read book Uganda written by Great Britain. Colonial Office and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linguistics in Sub Saharan Africa written by Jack Berry and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-08-21 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metadata and Semantic Research written by Emmanouel Garoufallou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Metadata and Semantic Research, MTSR 2019, held in Rome, Italy, in October 2019. The 27 full and 15 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions. The papers are organized in the following tracks: metadata and semantics for digital libraries, information retrieval, big, linked, social and open data; metadata and semantics for agriculture, food, and environment; digital humanities and digital curation; cultural collections and applications; european and national projects; metadata, identifiers and semantics in decentralized applications, blockchains and P2P systems.

Download or read book The Uganda Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Emergence of Distinctive Features written by Jeff Mielke and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Emergence of Distinctive Features will be of essential interest to phonologists and typologists, as well as to syntacticians, cognitive scientists, and scholars outside linguistics interested in the nature of language and its acquisition."--BOOK JACKET.

Download or read book On reconstructing Proto Bantu grammar written by Koen Bostoen and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2023-03-15 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about reconstructing the grammar of Proto-Bantu, the ancestral language at the origin of current-day Bantu languages. While Bantu is a low-level branch of Niger-Congo, the world’s biggest phylum, it is still Africa’s biggest language family. This edited volume attempts to retrieve the phonology, morphology and syntax used by the earliest Bantu speakers to communicate with each other, discusses methods to do so, and looks at issues raised by these academic endeavours. It is a collective effort involving a fine mix of junior and senior scholars representing several generations of expert historical-comparative Bantu research. It is the first systematic approach to Proto-Bantu grammar since Meeussen’s Bantu Grammatical Reconstructions (1967). Based on new bodies of evidence from the last five decades, most notably from northwestern Bantu languages, this book considerably transforms our understanding of Proto-Bantu grammar and offers new methodological approaches to Bantu grammatical reconstruction.

Download or read book The Heroic Recitations of the Bahima of Ankole written by Henry Francis Morris and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Afhandling om linjepoesi (enkome) fra Ugandadistriktet Ankole, med eksempler såvel i engelsk oversættelse som østafrikansk gengivelse, kommenteret og med historiske oplysninger