Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Modern Standard Arabic written by Karin C. Ryding and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Modern Standard Arabic is a comprehensive handbook on the structure of Arabic. Keeping technical terminology to a minimum, it provides a detailed yet accessible overview of Modern Standard Arabic in which the essential aspects of its phonology, morphology and syntax can be readily looked up and understood. Accompanied by extensive carefully-chosen examples, it will prove invaluable as a practical guide for supporting students' textbooks, classroom work or self-study, and will also be a useful resource for scholars and professionals wishing to develop an understanding of the key features of the language. Grammar notes are numbered for ease of reference, and a section is included on how to use an Arabic dictionary, as well as helpful glossaries of Arabic and English linguistic terms and a useful bibliography. Clearly structured and systematically organised, this book is set to become the standard guide to the grammar of contemporary Arabic.

Download or read book Cherokee Reference Grammar written by Brad Montgomery-Anderson and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2015-09-08 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cherokees have the oldest and best-known Native American writing system in the United States. Invented by Sequoyah and made public in 1821, it was rapidly adopted, leading to nineteenth-century Cherokee literacy rates as high as 90 percent. This writing system, the Cherokee syllabary, is fully explained and used throughout this volume, the first and only complete published grammar of the Cherokee language. Although the Cherokee Reference Grammar focuses on the dialect spoken by the Cherokees in Oklahoma—the Cherokee Nation and the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians—it provides the grammatical foundation upon which all the dialects are based. In his introduction, author Brad Montgomery-Anderson offers a brief account of Cherokee history and language revitalization initiatives, as well as instructions for using this grammar. The book then delves into an explanation of Cherokee pronunciation, orthography, parts of speech, and syntax. While the book is intended as a reference grammar for experienced scholars, Montgomery-Anderson presents the information in accessible stages, moving from easier examples to more complex linguistic structures. Examples are taken from a variety of sources, including many from the Cherokee Phoenix. Audio clips of various text examples throughout can be found on the accompanying CDs. The volume also includes three appendices: a glossary keyed to the text; a typescript for the audio component; and a collection of literary texts: two traditional stories and a historical account of a search party traveling up the Arkansas River. The Cherokee Nation, as the second-largest tribe in the United States and the largest in Oklahoma, along with the United Keetoowah Band and the Eastern band of Cherokees, have a large number of people who speak their native language. Like other tribes, they have seen a sharp decline in the number of native speakers, particularly among the young, but they have responded with ambitious programs for preserving and revitalizing Cherokee culture and language. Cherokee Reference Grammar will serve as a vital resource in advancing these efforts to understand Cherokee history, language, and culture on their own terms.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Japanese written by Samuel Elmo Martin and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 1286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title explains the use of Japanese words such as wa, ga and mo looking at the rules and meanings of words in their literary forms.

Download or read book A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish written by John Butt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (abridged and revised) This reference grammar offers intermediate and advanced students a reason ably comprehensive guide to the morphology and syntax of educated speech and plain prose in Spain and Latin America at the end of the twentieth century. Spanish is the main, usually the sole official language of twenty-one countries,} and it is set fair to overtake English by the year 2000 in numbers 2 of native speakers. This vast geographical and political diversity ensures that Spanish is a good deal less unified than French, German or even English, the latter more or less internationally standardized according to either American or British norms. Until the 1960s, the criteria of internationally correct Spanish were dictated by the Real Academia Espanola, but the prestige of this institution has now sunk so low that its most solemn decrees are hardly taken seriously - witness the fate of the spelling reforms listed in the Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortograjia, which were supposed to come into force in all Spanish-speaking countries in 1959 and, nearly forty years later, are still selectively ignored by publishers and literate persons everywhere. The fact is that in Spanish 'correctness' is nowadays decided, as it is in all living languages, by the consensus of native speakers; but consensus about linguistic usage is obviously difficult to achieve between more than twenty independent, widely scattered and sometimes mutually hostile countries. Peninsular Spanish is itself in flux.

Download or read book Chamorro Reference Grammar written by Donald M. Topping and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1980-04-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chamorro Reference Grammar is a detailed description of the grammatical structure of the indigenous language of the Mariana Islands. It is designed primarily as a reference work which will serve to give native speakers some insight into the complexities of their language and to encourage its use at a time when other languages are more prestigious. The book contains an introduction to Chamorro, and its developmental history and dialectal variations, and, with a minimum of technical linguistic terms, it treats phonology, morphology, and syntax. Notes to linguists and a glossary of linguistic terms are included.

Download or read book The Chicago Guide to Grammar Usage and Punctuation written by Bryan A. Garner and published by Univ of Chicago+ORM. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authoritative guide to using the English language effectively, from “the greatest writer on grammar and usage that this country has ever produced” (David Yerkes, Columbia University). The author of The Chicago Manual of Style’s popular “Grammar and Usage” chapter, Bryan A. Garner is renowned for explaining the vagaries of English with absolute precision and utmost clarity. With The Chicago Guide to Grammar, Usage, and Punctuation, he has written the definitive guide for writers who want their prose to be both memorable and correct. Garner describes standard literary English—the forms that mark writers and speakers as educated users of the language. He also offers historical context for understanding the development of these forms. The section on grammar explains how the canonical parts of speech came to be identified, while the section on syntax covers the nuances of sentence patterns as well as both traditional sentence diagramming and transformational grammar. The usage section provides an unprecedented trove of empirical evidence in the form of Google Ngrams, diagrams that illustrate the changing prevalence of specific terms over decades and even centuries of English literature. Garner also treats punctuation and word formation, and concludes the book with an exhaustive glossary of grammatical terms and a bibliography of suggested further reading and references. The Chicago Guide to Grammar, Usage, and Punctuation is a magisterial work, the culmination of Garner’s lifelong study of the English language. The result is a landmark resource that will offer clear guidelines to students, writers, and editors alike. “[A manual] for those of us laboring to produce expository prose: nonfiction books, journalistic articles, memorandums, business letters. The conservatism of his advice pushes you to consider audience and occasion, so that you will understand when to follow convention and when you can safely break it.”—John E. McIntyre, Baltimore Sun

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of French written by R. E. Batchelor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of French is a lively, wide-ranging and original handbook on the structure of the French language. It includes new information on register, pronunciation, gender, number, foreign words (Latin, Arabic, English, Spanish, Italian), adjectives and past participles used as nouns, texting, word order, frequency of occurrence of words, and usage with all geographical names. Examples come not only from France, but also from Quebec, Belgium and Switzerland. Readers will appreciate the initial passages illustrating the grammatical features of a given chapter. Also included is a user-friendly introduction to the French language, from its Latin origins to modern times. A full glossary explains any terms that might confuse the less experienced reader, and the index leads the student through the detailed labyrinth of grammatical features. This handbook will be an invaluable resource for students and teachers who want to perfect their knowledge of all aspects of French grammar.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Modern Hebrew written by Edna Amir Coffin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-03 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Gr ammar of Modern Hebrew provides a clearly structured and accessible guide to all aspects of contemporary Hebrew grammar. Systematically organised, it presents the basic structures of the language, looking at grammatical categories, phrases, expressions, and the construction of clauses and sentences. Specialised linguistic terminology is kept to a minimum, and verb and noun tables are provided as well as a comprehensive index of terms, making this both a useful teaching resource and an easy-to-use reference tool for those wishing to look up specific details of the language.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Classical Japanese Prose written by Alexander Vovin and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This complete description of the language of the golden Heian period (794-1185) features an innovative morphological analysis to facilitate reference usage and provides a comprehensive reference work for students of classical Japanese.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Thai written by Shoichi Iwasaki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-03-10 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear, detailed and comprehensive guide to the grammar of the Thai language.

Download or read book Ponapean Reference Grammar written by Kenneth L. Rehg and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1981-09-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is the most comprehensive description to date of the indigenous language of the island of Ponape. Designed as a reference volume for Ponapean educators, particularly those working in bilingual education programs, this work will also be of value to English-speaking students of Ponapean and to scholars of other Pacific languages and cultures. The grammar begins with useful background information on Ponape and Ponapean and then systematically explores the phonology, morphology, and syntax of this language. Separate treatment is given to Ponapean honorific speech styles. Also included are an appendix of current Ponapean spelling conventions and a bibliography of selected books and articles useful in the study of this language. This new work is a companion volume to the Ponapean-English Dictionary by the same authors.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Spanish written by R. E. Batchelor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-29 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Spanish is a comprehensive handbook on the structure of the Spanish language. Keeping technical terminology to a minimum, it provides a detailed yet clear point of reference on all the intricacies of Spanish grammar, covering word order, parts of speech, verb use, syntax, gender, number, alphabet, and pronunciation. Accompanied by a wealth of carefully chosen examples, it looks at Spanish in Iberia, the USA, Mexico, and Argentina, and demonstrates the differences between these varieties. It is designed specifically with English-speaking learners in mind, and contains useful tools such as a glossary of terms, an index, and a detailed examination of different registers of the language. Clearly structured and systematically organised, this volume is set to become the standard guide to the grammar of contemporary Spanish, and will be an invaluable resource for teachers and students, as well as a practical supplement to textbooks and classroom study.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Mbili written by Funwi F. Ayuninjam and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1998 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Mbili explores the major linguistic components of the Mbili language from a primarily descriptive point of view and within the cultural context of this Bantu language spoken in Cameroon. It presents a detailed and accessible account of the roots and history of the language, clearly situated within both the Niger Congo language group in general and the Grassfield Bantu language sub group specifically. The language portion begins with a descriptive introduction to the sound segments of Mbili and the methods of combining them. It then moves into the suprasegments of the language, including tone, stress, and intonation; it investigates the interaction of tone, tense, and mood, as well as the distribution of tone and intonation in Mbili. Segmental and suprasegmental phonemes are related in terms of what they require, tolerate, and exclude. The next presentation deals with the morphology of nouns and verbs. On the one hand it establishes a structural identification of the noun classes and determines a functional and semantic categorization of the classifiers; on the other hand it identifies and relates the temporal, aspectual, and modal categories of Mbili, and also studies the semantics of the verb through a case grammar analysis. Finally, the book approaches syntax through a clause and sentence level of analysis to explain the nature of sentence structure in a manner related to English sentence structure. The appendix contains a lexicon as well as traditional folk stories and their translations to convey aspects of Cameroonian culture and examples of the nature of the Mbili language.

Download or read book Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar written by Randy Valentine and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This descriptive reference grammar of Nishnaabemwin (Odawa and Eastern Ojibwe) includes extensive descriptive treatment of phonology, orthography, inflectional morphology, derivational morphology, and major structural and functional syntactic categories.

Download or read book Palauan Reference Grammar written by Lewis S. Josephs and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Palauan reference grammar offers a comprehensive description of the language that will interest speakers of Palauan and linguists alike. Although the linguistic phenomena of Palauan are often extremely complex, special efforts have been made to keep explanations as simple and clear as possible while capturing the essential phonological and grammatical principles unique to the language. Learning is facilitated by extensive cross-referencing, a list of phonetic and orthographic symbols, a glossary of relevant linguistic terms, a brief bibliography, and an index. Material is presented in order of difficulty, with an analysis at each stage. Some information of a highly technical nature is also included for readers with a background in linguistics.

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Chinese written by Chu-Ren Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Chinese is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the linguistic structure of Chinese, covering all of the important linguistic features of the language and incorporating insights gained from research in Chinese linguistics over the past thirty years. With contributions from twenty-two leading Chinese linguists, this authoritative guide uses large-scale corpora to provide authentic examples based on actual language use. The accompanying online example databases ensure that a wide range of exemplars are readily available and also allow for new usages to be updated. This design offers a new paradigm for a reference grammar where generalizations can be cross-checked with additional examples and also provide resources for both linguistic studies and language learning. Featuring bilingual term lists, this reference grammar helps readers to access relevant literature in both English and Chinese and is an invaluable reference for learners, teachers and researchers in Chinese linguistics and language processing.

Download or read book The Oxford Reference Grammar written by Sidney Greenbaum and published by Oxford University. This book was released on 2000 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Reference Grammar is a readable and up-to-date guide to modern English grammar. Designed for native English-speakers around the world, it presents the key points from Sidney Greenbaum's authoritative work The Oxford English Grammar in a concise and accessible form for the non-specialist. The Oxford Reference Grammar gives invaluable guidance on all aspects of word types verbs, nouns, adjectives, and pronouns and word structures, including phrases, clauses, and sentences.Arranged thematically, it describes grammar as it is in use today, giving evidence of use in hundreds of quotations based on English as it is really spoken and written. Text is broken up into digestible, easy-to-follow sections and is complemented by a full glossary of grammatical terms and an introductory chapter on the history of the English language and its grammar.