Download or read book A Proposal for the Intellectual Property Currency written by Cyndia Ziesemann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a longstanding concern about protecting intellectual capital. The legislation awards a generator of the capital with a finite period of a monopoly right to access it.Under the protection, a right holder may exclusively exploit its intellectual capital and assign or license the right. This privilege allows a generator to recoup its investment steadily, accumulate additional funds, and make another investment into the next capital. The protection also facilitates capital transfer without fear of theft. Moreover, some exclusive rights, e.g., patents, are granted in return for public dissemination of the capital. This disclosure allows others to generate the next capital starting from existing capital predecessors left and removes unnecessary redundancy in its generation.These classical models legitimizing the protection seem to describe a virtuous circle for intellectual capital generation. Indeed the circle might be valid, yet it is as long as the legislation assures unimpeded access to needed capital and accelerates the generation of radical or even incremental capital genuine.Once an exclusive right is established, the use of intellectual capital by others is restricted to protect the right holder's private profit. As long as the legislation is based on this principle, it is not hard to perceive that the right is counterintuitive to the public interests when society desires protected capital, particularly one serving a sizeable public need.There is a growing divergence between the interests of right holders and society. They are rapidly losing their balance with sheer expansion in both volume and scale of intellectual capital worldwide. The intrinsic functionality of restricting access to capital has led to critical blockages throughout the legislation, and they are more evident than ever before. In order to reduce the divergence and establish a new balance of interests, we propose reforming the legislation to ensure others freely access and adopt the capital while protecting the private profit of a right holder. Little room remains for doubt over its necessity.By our proposal, the International Central Bank for Intellectual Properties (ICB/IP) would issue the Intellectual Property Currency (IPC) when the national central bank financed the implementation of intellectual capital and the generation of the next one. ICB/IP would sell IPC to obtain the economy's money, with which ICB/IP would buy the economy's assets under the Balance Sheet Approach. IPC would integrate intellectual capital into the world economy directly, and ICB/IP would make interventions and operations on IPC and the economy's assets, e.g., the Asset Reclassification and Valuation, as needed for the global economy's stability.Suppose that a patentee resides in Economy B, holding its patent in Economy A. An implementer in Economy A filed its national intellectual property office with a request to finance the implementation of a patent innovation, e.g., a license fee for a contract with the patentee in Economy B. The office examines a recipient's eligibility, the purpose of funding, its amount, and other requirements in light of the fundamental legal conceptions of funding: the extended concept of reward and the chain of innovating.Once the office decides to grant the requested funding, the national central Bank A in Economy A issues Money A to buy Asset A from authorities in Economy A, which remit Money A to the implementer. S/he sells Money A to buy Money B with it for the payment of the license fee. Meanwhile, ICB/IP issues and sells IPC by recording it on the liability side in the ICB/IP balance sheet to buy Money A through the money market. Correspondingly, Bank A records IPC not on the liability side but on the reserve asset side in the Bank A balance sheet. Then, ICB/IP buys Asset A from Bank A with Money A.The simple principle of the bank balance sheet provides the foundation of the funding, signifying a monetary injection intensively to finance the generation and implementation of intellectual capital. In the long run, the classical view indicates a possibility of the monetary injection free from inflation. In the short run, theory predicts its potential function as an anti-stagflation.The primary tenet behind protecting intellectual capital is arguably not merely to protect it but more to underpin growth in the capital while balancing society's interests with those of individual generators.
Download or read book Case Study on COVID 19 Vaccine Patents in India and South Africa written by Cyndia Ziesemann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the latest comprehensive working paper proposal for the Intellectual Property Currency (IPC) at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=4160537, we have built a scenario showing a specific example of the IPC framework for better understanding it. The scenario describes a quantitative story about how the issue might possibly unfold if India and South Africa utilized the framework instead of the TRIPs waiver decision (WTO, 2022) they led to domestically produce COVID-19 vaccines. The description is a faithful model of the facts surrounding the vaccines, which we have reviewed next to the scenario.
Download or read book Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As technological developments multiply around the globeâ€"even as the patenting of human genes comes under serious discussionâ€"nations, companies, and researchers find themselves in conflict over intellectual property rights (IPRs). Now, an international group of experts presents the first multidisciplinary look at IPRs in an age of explosive growth in science and technology. This thought-provoking volume offers an update on current international IPR negotiations and includes case studies on software, computer chips, optoelectronics, and biotechnologyâ€"areas characterized by high development cost and easy reproducibility. The volume covers these and other issues: Modern economic theory as a basis for approaching international IPRs. U.S. intellectual property practices versus those in Japan, India, the European Community, and the developing and newly industrializing countries. Trends in science and technology and how they affect IPRs. Pros and cons of a uniform international IPRs regime versus a system reflecting national differences.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Statistics written by Eskil Ullberg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patents and other intellectual property (IP) rights are increasingly part of cross-border trade in their own rights. Patent transfers and patent licensing between inventors, investors and innovators create new business strategies of cooperation in the creation of new technology – increasing the productivity in the stock of technology assets – and efficient “distribution” of these rights. The rights bundles are then used – also increasingly – in products and services being traded cross-border, furthering economic efficiency created by this cooperative strategy. Today’s international trade statistics, however, lack statistics explicitly on trade flows from ideas, based on IP rights. This book offers an idea based statistical framework to measure IP, (i.e., increasingly depends on trade in ideas) and explores ways to introduce the framework into international standards. Specifically, it offers a theory of value to measure the flows from IP and an asset view of IP to deal with allocation of resources and who owns these rights. This is then contrasted with the current way IP is treated and a “gap analysis” is used to identify what needs to change in the standards. This new framework can help develop theories, policies, practices and inform the decisions needed to better leverage the human capital formation of inventors everywhere. Praise for Intellectual Property Statistics... “In this book, Prof. Ullberg has undertaken a Herculean task – to lay out a paradigm for the collection of IP Statistics to ensure that the ... market of trade in ideas has the information and data necessary to function well. [the] volume should be viewed as a starting point, a work in progress, but an important one that could very well influence the development of this important set of data on trade in ideas. At a time when global issues ... require both new ideas and the spread of those ideas widely to help ensure both economic growth and continued global economic convergence data that helps us monitor and evaluate what is happening in trade in ideas will be extremely valuable.” – Robert Koopman, American University, Washington, DC, USA and Former Chief Economist, World Trade Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights and Global Capitalism The Political Economy of the TRIPS Agreement written by Donald G. Richards and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an examination of the origins and impact of the agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) negotiated during the Uruguay Round of GATT talks. The principal theme is that the TRIPS agreement is not in the best interests of the poorer countries, and that its imposition on them by the richer countries has more to do with the exercise of political and economic power than with the positive economic benefits the agreement's supporters claim it can deliver. To support this assertion the book critically examines the economic evidence regarding the impact of intellectual property rights on such important variables as export performance, foreign investment, and economic growth. The author provides a political economic analysis of why the poorer countries acceded to the TRIPS agreement, illustrated with case studies of two important industries where the struggle over intellectual property is especially strong: pharmaceutical and agricultural biotechnology sectors. Designed for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in international political economy and international relations theory, the book offer a radical view of the process of globalization.
Download or read book Intellectual Property in Academia written by Nadya Reingand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-10-24 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the increasing role of intellectual property (IP) in academic research, it is important for academic scientists to gain greater awareness and knowledge of the various issues involved with IP resulting from their research and inventions. In addition, the line between academic and industrial research has been blurred, and a large amount of crossover exists due to corporate funding of academic research and collaborations between company and university laboratories. These and other factors have complicated the push toward technology transfer in universities. As commercialization has become inseparable from university research, there is now an essential need for academics to have a greater understanding of the processes involved. Intellectual Property in Academia: A Practical Guide for Scientists and Engineers fills this need, providing an indispensable source of information for researchers in academia. You’ve Just Invented a Gadget – What Now? Written by a select team of IP professionals, most of whom also have years of experience as scientists, this volume addresses IP issues relevant to the academic community—including ways to efficiently deal with the structural constraints inherent in the university environment. Scientists and engineers will benefit from the authors’ insights and their advice on how to establish good communication with university Offices of Technology Transfer. This perspective affords a common language and facilitates a smoother path through IP procedures. The book covers the best approaches to determine invention novelty by prior art searching and gives step-by-step guidance in using the best modern electronic patent databases. It presents a unique practical approach for assessing the monetary value of ideas and provides software for invention valuation, which can be used even during the early stages of an invention’s development. The book also discusses invention ownership, which is a crucial issue for scientists employed by universities. Get Answers to Your Questions about the Steps in Invention Commercialization Taking a more comprehensive approach than a basic how-to book on patent law, this reference answers inventors’ frequently asked questions about employment legislation as well as business and market estimation, invention priority registration, and other necessary steps for the successful commercialization of university inventions. It presents encouraging examples of academic patent successes, describing both the right moves and common mistakes made by scientists. It also provides practical advice on patent writing, filing, and prosecution, useful for both academic and industrial researchers. Other key topics addressed by the text include using copyrighted material, protecting material with copyrights, crucial IP legislation, business models, and new trends and changes in the U.S. patent office. In short, readers will find that this book provides a pathway for easing their journey through the IP process.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Objectives in International Investment Agreements written by Upreti, Pratyush N. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-10-13 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book reconciles the competing objectives of intellectual property and international investment agreements. Throughout, Pratyush Nath Upreti examines the issues arising from recent intellectual property disputes in investment arbitration from the perspectives of national and international legal orders, providing a normative analysis to resolve the tension brought by intellectual property and investor-state dispute settlement interactions.
Download or read book Business International Money Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Socio Legal Theory of Money for the Digital Commercial Society written by Israel Cedillo Lazcano and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-22 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book poses the question: do we need a new body of regulations and the constitution of new regulatory agents to face the evolution of money in the Fourth Industrial Revolution? After the Global Financial Crisis and the subsequent introduction of Distributed Ledger Technologies in monetary matters, multiple opinions claim that we are in the middle of a financial revolution that will eliminate the need for central banks and other financial institutions to form bonds of trust on our behalf. In contrast to these arguments, this book argues that we are not witnessing a revolutionary expression, but an evolutionary one that we can trace back to the very origin of money. Accordingly, the book provides academics, regulators and policy makers with a multidisciplinary analysis that includes elements such as the relevance of intellectual property rights, which are disregarded in the legal analysis of money. Furthermore, the book proposes the idea that traditional analyses on the exercise of the lex monetae ignore the role of inside monies and technological infrastructures developed and supported by the private sector, as exemplified in the evolution of the cryptoassets market and in cases such as Banco de Portugal v Waterlow & Sons. The book puts forward a proposal for the design and regulation of new payment systems and invites the reader to look beyond the dissemination of individual Distributed Ledger Technologies such as Bitcoin.
Download or read book Beyond Sputnik written by Homer A. Neal and published by Kris Nia. This book was released on 2008 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of Intellectual Capital 1 written by Cyndia Ziesemann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a longstanding concern about protecting intellectual capital, particularly patenting innovations to accelerate our scientific endeavors. Patents allow an inventor to recoup past investment, raising incentives for the following innovations and to facilitate technology transfer without fear of theft. Moreover, a patent right is granted in return for public disclosure, removing unnecessary redundancy in research. However, the exclusive right blocks others' use of patent innovation to protect the patentee's private profit, resulting in counterintuition to the public interests when a sizeable need desires the adoption of protected innovation. To resolve this conflict, here we show a recent proposal for Intellectual Property Currency. The proposal designs a novel financial mechanism ensuring others access and exploit intellectual capital while protecting the right holder's profit. By the mechanism, the national central bank would fund, e.g., a license fee, while International Central Bank would issue the Currency to finance the national central bank. Economics evaluation suggested that the funding would have potential functionality as an anti-stagflation monetary injection free from inflation, nullifying its impacts as a deficit financing bond. This theoretical prediction indicates that the Currency would be one of the most liquidated global reserve assets, representing intellectual capital growth.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Law and Policy Volume 10 written by Hugh Hansen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2008-03-26 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hart Publishing is pleased to announce that it has recently become publisher of this prestigious and much valued work. The 15th Annual volume in the series collects the presentations and discussion from the Annual Fordham IP Conference. The contributions, by leading world experts, analyze the most pressing issues in copyright, trademark and patent law as seen from the perspectives of the USA, the EU, Asia and WIPO. This volume, in common with its predecessors, seeks to make a lasting contribution to discourse in IP law; few of the chapters are merely descriptive, and most raise questions of policy or discuss new developments. Praise for the Fordham International Intellectual Property Conference: "This must be one of the most enjoyable and thought-provoking conferences in the IP field. The high quality of the speakers is matched by the intense, audience-led debates and challenges which follow." Hugh Laddie, (formerly Mr. Justice Laddie) University College, London and consultant to Rouse & Co, Willoughby & Partners. "Faculty for this conference are always well-known 'names' well respected leaders in their fields, speaking with a combination of candor and timeliness that is unrivaled by any other forum of its kind." The Honorable Marybeth Peters, Register of Copyrights, United States Copyright Office.
Download or read book Entrepreneurship Money and Coordination written by Jürgen G. Backhaus and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hayek's theory of cultural evolution has always been a controversial topic. Interest in the theory, and others analysis and criticism of it, has been rising of late. This volume aims to explore the relevance of Hayek's theory for its own sake and for evolutionary economics more generally.
Download or read book Beyond Sputnik written by Homer Alfred Neal and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-09-22 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and technology are responsible for almost every advance in our modern quality of life. Yet science isn't just about laboratories, telescopes and particle accelerators. Public policy exerts a huge impact on how the scientific community conducts its work. Beyond Sputnik is a comprehensive survey of the field for use as an introductory textbook in courses and a reference guide for legislators, scientists, journalists, and advocates seeking to understand the science policy-making process. Detailed case studies---on topics from cloning and stem cell research to homeland security and science education---offer readers the opportunity to study real instances of policymaking at work. Authors and experts Homer A. Neal, Tobin L. Smith, and Jennifer B. McCormick propose practical ways to implement sound public policy in science and technology and highlight how these policies will guide the results of scientific discovery for years to come. Homer A. Neal is the Samuel A. Goudsmit Distinguished University Professor of Physics, Interim President Emeritus, and Vice President for Research Emeritus at the University of Michigan, and is a former member of the U.S. National Science Board. Tobin L. Smith is Associate Vice President for Federal Relations at the Association of American Universities. He was formerly Assistant Director of the University of Michigan and MIT Washington, DC, offices. Jennifer B. McCormick is an Assistant Professor of Biomedical Ethics in the Division of General Internal Medicine at the Mayo College of Medicine in Rochester, Minnesota, and is the Associate Director of the Research Ethics Resource, part of the Mayo Clinic's NIH Clinical Translational Science Award research programs. GO BEYOND SPUTNIK ONLINE--Visit www.science-policy.net for the latest news, teaching resources, learning guides, and internship opportunities in the 21st-Century field of science policy.
Download or read book How Money Got Free written by Brian Patrick Eha and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the space of a few years, Bitcoin has gone from an idea ignored or maligned by almost everyone to an asset with a market cap of more than $12 billion. Venture capital firms, Goldman Sachs, the New York Stock Exchange, and billionaires such as Richard Branson and Peter Thiel have invested more than $1 billion in companies built on this groundbreaking technology. Bill Gates has even declared it ‘better than currency’. The pioneers of Bitcoin were twenty-first-century outlaws – cryptographers, hackers, Free Staters, ex-cons and drug dealers, teenage futurists and self-taught entrepreneurs – armed with a renegade ideology and a grudge against big government and big banks. Now those same institutions are threatening to co-opt or curtail the impact of digital currency. But the pioneers, some of whom have become millionaires themselves, aren’t going down without a fight. Sweeping and provocative, How Money Got Free reveals how this disruptive technology is shaping the debate around competing ideas of money and liberty, and what that means for our future.
Download or read book The Job Guarantee and Modern Money Theory written by Michael J. Murray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-25 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this edited collection argue that a flexible Job Guarantee program able to react to an economy’s fluctuating need for work would stabilize the labor standard, the value of employment in relation to money. During economic downturns, the program would expand to provide more public sector jobs in response to private sector layoffs. It would then contract when economic growth offered private sector employment opportunities. This flexible full employment program would create a balanced, perpetually active labor force, providing the macroeconomic stability necessary to define a functioning labor standard. Just as the gold standard measured the worth of money against gold reserves, John Maynard Keynes argued, so a labor standard ought to measure the value of money in terms of its labor equivalent. However, he failed to account for the fact that, unlike a gold standard, a labor standard does not have any kind of surety that money will continue to match its value in paid work over time. Together, the contributors argue that full employment would provide this missing security and allow authorities to define the value equivalencies of money and labor, the way that money once represented its exact equivalent in gold.
Download or read book Research Handbook on Intellectual Property in Media and Entertainment written by Megan Richardson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenal growth of the media and entertainment industries has contributed to a fragmented approach to intellectual property rights. Written by a range of experts in the field, this Handbook deals with contemporary aspects of intellectual property law (IP), and examines how they relate to different facets of media and entertainment.
