Download or read book A Programmable Frequency Divider for an All Digital Phase locked Loop in 0 18um CMOS written by Monica Yerranagula and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A phase-locked loop is needed on nearly every integrated circuit to align the phase and frequency of the clock created by the on-chip oscillator to an external reference clock. This project was to design and simulate a programmable frequency divider in 0.18um CMOS for an all digital phase-locked loop integrated circuit. The frequency divider can provide one of four different output frequencies, based on the input control bits. Schematics for the programmable frequency divider were designed using Cadence Virtuoso, and simulations were performed using the Spectre simulator. Simulations were run for both typical and worst-case variations of process, supply voltage, and temperature.
Download or read book A Current mode Logic Frequency Divider for an All Digital Phase locked Loop in 0 18um CMOS written by Sruthi Penmetsa and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A phase-locked loop (PLL) is an important mixed-signal circuit that is used on almost every integrated circuit. A frequency divider is needed in the PLL loop to allow the use of a low frequency reference clock that is typically provided by a highly accurate off-chip crystal oscillator. This project is focused on the design of a current-mode logic (CML) frequency divider in 0.18um CMOS for an all digital phase-locked loop. Current-mode logic is used for the first few stages of the overall frequency divider, where the frequency of operation is too high for standard CMOS logic to operate properly. For this project, a CML frequency divider was designed in 0.18um CMOS and simulations were performed to verify performance for typical as well as worst case conditions.
Download or read book Design of a Crystal Oscillator for an All digital Phase locked Loop in 0 18um CMOS written by Sri Harsha Grandhi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used on many integrated circuits to provide an accurate and stable clock. A PLL uses negative feedback around an on-chip oscillator that the feedback loop constantly adjusts to match the phase and frequency of an input reference clock. This project focused on the design of a crystal oscillator in 0.18 um CMOS, which is used to provide an accurate reference clock for an all digital phase-locked loop. This design makes use of an on-chip oscillator which utilizes an external off-chip crystal to provide a highly accurate frequency. The crystal oscillator circuit was designed using Cadence Virtuoso computer-aided design (CAD) software, and verified using the Spectre circuit simulator across different process, supply voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations.
Download or read book Design of Fractional N Phase Locked Loops for Frequency Synthesis from 30 to 40 GHz written by George Gal and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "High-frequency fractional-N PLLs in CMOS technology in the 30 to 40 GHz are very dicult to design when considering power, area, phase noise requirements and frequency range of operation. One of the diculties is to synthesize the loop lter of the PLL such that it meets the phase noise characteristics using the information available for all the components that make up the PLL. At the same time, predicting the phase noise output of the PLL using extracted layout results takes a long time to simulate and often the solution does not converge, thereby lengthening the design cycle. This thesis proposes a new methodology for designing high performance wide-band fractional-N PLLs in the 30-40 GHz range. The method begins by rst designing the phase-frequency detector/charge-pump, voltage-controlled oscillator and frequency divider circuit for realization in a specic CMOS technology. The method of choice mixes insight deemed from both a theoretical and simulation perspective. Next, the loop lter is derived based on the layout extracted behaviour of each component. Once complete, all components of the PLL are described using the high-level description language of Verilog-A available in the Cadence tool set over its full range of operating characteristics. Ideally, these components would be fabricated rst and characterized afterward. The Verilog-A description of the PLL enables a fast and ecient simulation of the complete PLL in a closed-loop conguration. This latter steps allows further optimization of the overall design. Two chips have been fabricated; one in a 0.13 m CMOS process from IBM and another in a 65 nm CMOS process from TSMC. One chip contain the design of a 28 GHz VCO and another containing the design of a programmable frequency divider circuit. Experimental results for both chip are provided." --
Download or read book Time to digital Converter for an All digital Phase locked Loop written by Sanjeet Sawant and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a widely-used mixed-signal circuit that is used to create the precise clocks required on almost every integrated circuit. A PLL uses negative feedback to control an on-chip oscillator so that its frequency equals a multiple of a reference clock frequency provided from off-chip. The on-chip clock and the reference clock have a stable phase relationship. In recent years phase-locked loops have moved towards digital-intensive or all-digital designs due to advancements in CMOS technology which make these attractive in terms of area and power consumption. This project was to design and simulate a time-to-digital converter (TDC), which is a circuit used in an all-digital phase-locked loop. The TDC converts the phase difference between the on-chip clock and the reference clock into a digital code which is used to adjust the phase and frequency of the on-chip oscillator. Circuit schematics were designed for a time-to-digital converter in Cadence Virtuoso and simulated using the Spectre simulator in a 0.18um CMOS process. Simulations were performed to verify the performance across variations in process, supply voltage, and temperature.
Download or read book High frequency Wide range All Digital Phase Locked Loop in 90nm CMOS written by Prashanth Muppala and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Programmable Frequency Divider Having a Wide Division Ratio Range and Close to 50 Output Duty cycle written by Mo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Radio Frequency (RF) integrated circuit design field, programmable dividers are getting more and more attentions in recent years. A programmable frequency divider can divide an input frequency by programmable ratios [1]. It is a key component of a frequency synthesizer. It also can be used to generate variable clock-signals for: switched-capacitor filters (SCFs), digital systems with different power-states, as well as multiple clock-signals on the same system-on-a-chip (SOC). These circuits need high performance programmable frequency dividers, operating at high frequencies and having wide division ratio ranges, with binary division ratio controls and 50% output duty-cycle. Different types of programmable frequency dividers are reviewed and compared. A programmable frequency divider with a wide division ratio range of (8 ~ 524287) has been reported [2]. Because the output duty-cycle of this reported divider is far from 50%, the circuit in [2] has very limited applications. The proposed design solves this problem, without compromising other advantages of the design in [2]. The proposed design is fabricated in a 0.18-[mu]m RF CMOS process. Test results show that the output duty-cycle is 50% when the division ratio is an even number. The duty-cycle is 44.4% when the division ratio is 9. The output duty-cycle becomes closer to 50% when the division ratio is an increasing odd number. For each division ratio, the output duty-cycle remains constant, with different input frequencies from GHz down to kHz ranges, with different temperatures and power supply voltages. This thesis provides an explanation of the design details and test results. A Phase Locked-Loop (PLL) based frequency synthesizer can generate different output frequencies. A programmable frequency divider is an important component of this type of PLL. Since bandwidth is expensive, it is preferred to reduce the frequency channel distance of a frequency synthesizer. Using a fractional programmable divider, the frequency channel distance of a PLL can be reduced, without reducing the reference frequency or increasing the settling time of the PLL. A frequency synthesizer with a programmable fractional divider is designed and fabricated. A brief description of the PLL design and test results are presented in this dissertation.
Download or read book Design of the Current Mode Logic Frequency Divider for a Phase Locked Loop with Center Frequency of 622 08 MHz in 0 35 mu m CMOS written by Sunil Anthony and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase Locked Loops for Wireless Communications written by Donald R. Stephens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tutorial of phase-locked loops from analogue implementations to digital and optical designs. This text establishes a foundation of continuous-time analysis techniques and maintains a consistent notation as discrete-time and non-uniform sampling are presented. It examines charge pumps and the complementary sequential phase detector. Frequency synthesizers and digital divider analysis/techniques are also included in this edition.; Starting with a historical overview, presenting analogue, digital, and optical PLLs, discussing phase noise analysis, and including circuits/algorithms for data synchronization, this volume illustrates the techniques being used in this field.; The subjects covered include: development of phase-locked loops from analogue to digital and optical, with notation throughout; expanded coverage of the loop filters used to design second- and third-order PLLs; design examples on delay-locked loops used to synchronize circuits on CPUs and ASICS; new material on digital dividers that dominate a frequency synthesizer's noise floor; techniques to analytically estimate the phase noise of a divider; presentation of optical phase-locked loops with primers on the optical components and fundamentals of optical mixing; a section on automatic frequency control to provide frequency-locking of the lasers instead of phase-locking; and a presentation of charge pumps, counters, and delay-locked loops.; This volume includes the topics that should be of interest to wireless, optics, and the traditional phase-locked loop specialist to design circuits and software algorithms.
Download or read book Journal of Southeast University written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ultra Low Power Integrated Circuit Design written by Nianxiong Nick Tan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the design of CMOS circuits for ultra-low power consumption including analog, radio frequency (RF), and digital signal processing circuits (DSP). The book addresses issues from circuit and system design to production design, and applies the ultra-low power circuits described to systems for digital hearing aids and capsule endoscope devices. Provides a valuable introduction to ultra-low power circuit design, aimed at practicing design engineers; Describes all key building blocks of ultra-low power circuits, from a systems perspective; Applies circuits and systems described to real product examples such as hearing aids and capsule endoscopes.
Download or read book CMOS written by R. Jacob Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition provides an important contemporary view of a wide range of analog/digital circuit blocks, the BSIM model, data converter architectures, and more. The authors develop design techniques for both long- and short-channel CMOS technologies and then compare the two.
Download or read book Design of CMOS Phase Locked Loops written by Behzad Razavi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This modern, pedagogic textbook from leading author Behzad Razavi provides a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to CMOS PLL design, featuring intuitive presentation of theoretical concepts, extensive circuit simulations, over 200 worked examples, and 250 end-of-chapter problems. The perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
Download or read book CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits written by Sung-Mo Kang and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design continues the well-established tradition of the earlier editions by offering the most comprehensive coverage of digital CMOS circuit design, as well as addressing state-of-the-art technology issues highlighted by the widespread use of nanometer-scale CMOS technologies. In this latest edition, virtually all chapters have been re-written, the transistor model equations and device parameters have been revised to reflect the sigificant changes that must be taken into account for new technology generations, and the material has been reinforced with up-to-date examples. The broad-ranging coverage of this textbook starts with the fundamentals of CMOS process technology, and continues with MOS transistor models, basic CMOS gates, interconnect effects, dynamic circuits, memory circuits, arithmetic building blocks, clock and I/O circuits, low power design techniques, design for manufacturability and design for testability.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 4th Brazilian Technology Symposium BTSym 18 written by Yuzo Iano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the Proceedings of The 4th Brazilian Technology Symposium (BTSym'18). Part I of the book discusses current technological issues on Systems Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, such as the Transmission Line, Protein-modified mortars, Electromagnetic Properties, Clock Domains, Chebyshev Polynomials, Satellite Control Systems, Hough Transform, Watershed Transform, Blood Smear Images, Toxoplasma Gondi, Operation System Developments, MIMO Systems, Geothermal-Photovoltaic Energy Systems, Mineral Flotation Application, CMOS Techniques, Frameworks Developments, Physiological Parameters Applications, Brain Computer Interface, Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Vision, Security Applications, FPGA Applications, IoT, Residential Automation, Data Acquisition, Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems, Digital Image Processing, Patters Recognition, Machine Learning, Photocatalytic Process, Physical-chemical analysis, Smoothing Filters, Frequency Synthesizers, Voltage Controlled Ring Oscillator, Difference Amplifier, Photocatalysis and Photodegradation. Part II of the book discusses current technological issues on Human, Smart and Sustainable Future of Cities, such as the Digital Transformation, Data Science, Hydrothermal Dispatch, Project Knowledge Transfer, Immunization Programs, Efficiency and Predictive Methods, PMBOK Applications, Logistics Process, IoT, Data Acquisition, Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems, Fingerspelling Recognition, Cognitive Ergonomics, Ecosystem services, Environmental, Ecosystem services valuation, Solid Waste and University Extension. BTSym is the brainchild of Prof. Dr. Yuzo Iano, who is responsible for the Laboratory of Visual Communications (LCV) at the Department of Communications (DECOM) of the Faculty of Electrical and Computing Engineering (FEEC), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
Download or read book RF and Microwave Transmitter Design written by Andrei Grebennikov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RF and Microwave Transmitter Design is unique in its coverage of both historical transmitter design and cutting edge technologies. This text explores the results of well-known and new theoretical analyses, while informing readers of modern radio transmitters' pracitcal designs and their components. Jam-packed with information, this book broadcasts and streamlines the author's considerable experience in RF and microwave design and development.
