Download or read book A Personalized Medicine Approach for the Study of Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration in Parkinson s Disease written by Hiap Chon How and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrative approach to Parkinson s disease written by Hi-Joon Park and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson s Disease written by Lazaros Triarhou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-01-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease, a degenerative brain disorder, affects an estimated 0.25-0.50% of the population. Symptoms result from neuronal degeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and include tremor, rigidity and gradual slow- ness of spontaneous movement. The cause of Parkinson's disease is only partially understood; both environmental factors and a genetic predisposition have been im- plicated in its etiopathogenesis. Neural transplantation is being used experimentally for providing an alternative biological source of dopamine both in animal studies and in experimental clinical trials. This book is the result of 15 years of research on the transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of the weaver mouse, a neurological mutant characterized by genetically-determined degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons. The weaver mouse constitutes the only available laboratory model with a chronic progressive disease that mimics Parkinsonism. The other two models currently used to investigate dopaminergic mechanisms rely on the use of the neurotoxins- hydroxydopamine and methylphenyltetrahydropyridine for the selective removal of dopaminergic neurons from an otherwise healthy organism. Structural and functional aspects of transplantation of mesencephalic dopamin- ergic grafts into the striatum of weaver mice are reviewed, including histochemical correlates of graft survival and integration, numerical aspects of donor neuron survival, ultrastructural findings on synaptogenesis, neurochemical indices of dopam- ine uptake function and receptor binding, gene expression of several structural and neurotransmitter-receptor related molecules, the levels of striatal amino acid receptors, and the behavioral effects of unilateral and bilateral neuronal transplantations.
Download or read book Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Disorders written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-02-14 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Part One, Volume 192 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology deals with the "Why" in the approach to slow the progression of accelerated brain aging. This volume is intended to provide a scholarly background on the framework, basic science and conceptual pitfalls related to disease-modifying efforts in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders. Among topics covered are different models of precision medicine, the lumping-versus-splitting tension in biomarker development and therapeutics, and the rationale for replacing the convergence of the prevailing autopsy-based nosology of neurodegenerative diseases with the divergence of a systems biology approach to human diseases. Specific chapters are dedicated to the promise of genetic subtypes and the lessons in disease modification offered by the fields of oncology and cystic fibrosis that can be adapted to the field of neurodegeneration. Matching a biology-correcting therapy with those biologically suitable to benefit from such therapy represents the vision and mission of precision medicine, the highest level of personalized medicine. Summarizes theory and research on precision medicine in neurodegenerative disorders Covers basic biology, clinical trials and therapeutics Includes disease mechanisms, genetic subtypes, and more
Download or read book Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Disorders written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-02-16 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Part Two, Volume 193 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology deals with the "How" in the reconfiguration of our approach to slow accelerated brain aging. The book rethinks animal models on which therapies are tested, outlines the progress and expected changes in biological subtyping efforts using lysosomal, endosomal, mitochondrial, immune dysregulation, and inflammatory mechanisms of disease pathophysiology, and the growing role of microbiome in shaping disease. The volume separates the potentially disease-modifying neurorescue and neurorestoration, (e.g., gene therapy and cell replacement therapy) from true precision "medicine"–matching biology with the mechanism of intervention of interest. Specific chapters are dedicated to the promise and challenges of extracellular vesicles for both diagnosis and treatment, the growing application of digital measures and other evaluations of clinical response, the nuts and bolts of novel adaptive clinical trial designs, and the regulatory changes needed to facilitate drug development for disease-modification purposes. Summarizes theory and research on precision medicine in neurodegenerative disorders Covers basic biology, clinical trials and therapeutics Includes disease mechanisms, genetic subtypes, and more
Download or read book Genomics in Precision Medicine written by Shiv Sanjeevi and published by Delve Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomics in Precision Medicine makes the people aware about the field of genomics and that of precision medicine, by taking the readers through all the details related to genomics and precision medicine. It also updates the readers about the various innovations that have taken place in the field of precision medicine and discusses the path that is to be followed further. Also discussed in the book is a review on the relation between the precision medicine and the mutations that drive it, delving on the various computational methods and conformational principles for the detection of the factors that drive cancer. It also discusses the various genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications and goes on to explore the various benefits and harms in the research on precision medicine.
Download or read book Parkinson s Disease written by Howard Federoff and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's Disease (PD), a progressive neurological disorder arising from degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain, is characterized by impairment of movement control. It progresses from symptoms such as tremor and muscular rigidity to total disability and death. This volume focuses on the dopaminergic system from a developmental perspective, with the objective of improving the understanding of how dopaminergic neurons form, how they mature and respond to genetic and environmental factors, and how they may be regenerated.
Download or read book Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson s Disease written by Lazaros Constantinos Triarhou and published by . This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is the result of 15 years of research on the transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of the weaver mouse, a neurological mutant characterized by genetically-determined degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons."--V.
Download or read book Levodopa pharmacokinetics from stomach to brain written by Maria Nord and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and it is caused by a loss of dopamine (DA) producing neurons in the basal ganglia in the brain. The PD patient suffers from motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity and treatment with levodopa (LD), the precursor of DA, has positive effects on these symptoms. Several factors affect the availability of orally given LD. Gastric emptying (GE) is one factor and it has been shown to be delayed in PD patients resulting in impaired levodopa uptake. Different enzymes metabolize LD on its way from the gut to the brain resulting in less LD available in the brain and more side effects from the metabolites. By adding dopa decarboxylase inhibitors (carbidopa or benserazide) or COMT-inhibitors (e.g. entacapone) the bioavailability of LD increases significantly and more LD can pass the blood-brain-barrier and be converted to DA in the brain. It has been considered of importance to avoid high levodopa peaks in the brain because this seems to induce changes in postsynaptic dopaminergic neurons causing disabling motor complications in PD patients. More continuously given LD, e.g. duodenal or intravenous (IV) infusions, has been shown to improve these motor complications. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) has also been proven to improve motor complications and to make it possible to reduce the LD dosage in PD patients. In this doctoral thesis the main purpose is to study the pharmacokinetics of LD in patients with PD and motor complications; in blood and subcutaneous tissue and study the effect of GE and PD stage on LD uptake and the effect of continuously given LD (CDS) on LD uptake and GE; in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when adding the peripheral enzyme inhibitors entacapone and carbidopa to LD infusion IV; in brain during STN DBSand during oral or IV LD treatment. To conclude, LD uptake is more favorable in PD patients with less severe disease and GE is delayed in PD patients. No obvious relation between LD uptake and GE or between GE and PD stage is seen and CDS decreases the LD levels. Entacapone increases the maximal concentration of LD in blood and CSF. This is more evident with additional carbidopa and important to consider in avoiding high LD peaks in brain during PD treatment. LD in brain increases during both oral and IV LD treatment and the DA levels follows LD well indicating that PD patients still have capacity to metabolize LD to DA despite probable pronounced nigral degeneration. STN DBS seems to increase putaminal DA levels and together with IV LD treatment also increases LD in brain possibly explaining why it is possible to decrease LD medication after STN DBS surgery. Parkinsons sjukdom (PS) är en av de vanligaste s.k. neurodegenerativasjukdomarna och orsakas av förlust av dopamin(DA)producerande nervceller i hjärnan. Detta orsakar motoriska symptom såsom skakningar, stelhet och förlångsammade rörelser. Levodopa (LD) är ett ämne, som kan omvandlas till DA i hjärnan och ge symptomlindring och det är oftast förstahandsval vid behandling av patienter med PS. Flera faktorer påverkar tillgängligheten av LD, bl.a. den hastighet som magsäcken tömmer sig med och denna verkar förlångsammad hos personer med PS vilket ger sämre tillgänglighet av LD i blodet och därmed i hjärnan. LD bryts även ner i hög grad av olika enzym ute i kroppen vilket leder till mindre mängd LD som hamnar i hjärnan och till fler nedbrytningsprodukter som orsakar biverkningar. Tillägg av enzymhämmare leder till ökad mängd LD som kan nå hjärnan och omvandlas till DA. Det anses viktigt att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan då dessa verkar bidra till utvecklandet av besvärliga motoriska komplikationer hos patienter med PS. Om LD ges mer kontinuerligt, exempelvis som en kontinuerlig infusion in i tarmen eller i blodet, så minskar dessa motoriska komplikationer. Inopererande av stimulatorer i vissa delar av hjärnan (DBS) har också visat sig minska dessa motoriska komplikationer och även resultera i att man kan minska LD-dosen. Huvudsyftet med den här avhandlingen är att studera LD hos patienter med PS; i blod och fettvävnad då LD ges i tablettform och se om det finns något samband med LD-upptag och hastigheten på magsäckstömningen (MT) och om kontinuerligt given LD påverkar LD-upptaget eller MT; i blod och i ryggmärgsvätska då enzymhämmarna entakapon och karbidopa tillsätts LD; i hjärna vid behandling med DBS och då LD ges både som tablett och som infusion i blodet. Sammanfattningsvis kan vi se att LD-upptaget är mer gynnsamt hos patienter med PS i tidigare skede av sjukdomens komplikationsfas. MT är förlångsammad hos patienter med PS och det är inget tydligt samband mellan LD-upptag och MT eller mellan MT och sjukdomsgrad. Kontinuerligt given LD minskar LDnivåerna. Enzymhämmaren entakapon ökar den maximala koncentrationen av LD i blod och ryggmärgsvätska och effekten är mer tydlig vid tillägg av karbidopa vilket är viktigt att ta i beaktande vid behandling av PS för att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan. LD ökar i hjärnan då man behandlar med LD i tablettform och som infusion i blodet och DA-nivåerna i hjärnan följer LD väl vilket visar på att patienter med PS fortfarande kan omvandla LD till DA trots trolig uttalad brist av de DA-producerande nervcellerna i hjärnan. DBS verkar öka DA i vissa områden i hjärnan och tillsammans med LD-infusion i blodet verkar det även öka LD i hjärnan och det kan förklara varför man kan sänka LDdosen efter DBS-operation.
Download or read book Etiology of Parkinson s Disease written by Jonas H. Ellenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.
Download or read book Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 LRRK2 written by Hardy J. Rideout and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to assemble the leading researchers in the field of LRRK2 biology and neurology and provide a snapshot of the current state of knowledge, encompassing all major aspects of its function and dysfunction. The contributors are experts in cell biology and physiology, neurobiology, and medicinal chemistry, bringing a multidisciplinary perspective on the gene and its role in disease. The book covers the identification of LRRK2 as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. It also discusses the current state of the field after a decade of research, putative normal physiological roles of LRRK2, and the various pathways that have been identified in the search for the mechanism(s) of its induction of neurodegeneration.
Download or read book Non Motor Symptoms of Parkinson s Disease written by K. Ray Chaudhuri and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are known to suffer from motor symptoms of the disease, but they also experience non-motor symptoms (NMS) that are often present before diagnosis or that inevitably emerge with disease progression. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease have been extensively researched, and effective clinical tools for their assessment and treatment have been developed and are readily available. In contrast, researchers have only recently begun to focus on the NMS of Parkinson's Disease, which are poorly recognized and inadequately treated by clinicians. The NMS of PD have a significant impact on patient quality of life and mortality and include neuropsychiatric, sleep-related, autonomic, gastrointestinal, and sensory symptoms. While some NMS can be improved with currently available treatments, others may be more refractory and will require research into novel (non-dopaminergic) drug therapies for the future. Edited by members of the UK Parkinson's Disease Non-Motor Group (PD-NMG) and with contributions from international experts, this new edition summarizes the current understanding of NMS symptoms in Parkinson's disease and points the way towards future research.
Download or read book Programmed Cells from Basic Neuroscience to Therapy written by Fred H. Gage and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent advances in Programming Somatic Cell (PSC) including induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS) and Induced Neuronal phenotypes (iN), has changed our experimental landscape and opened new possibilities. The advances in PSC have provided an important tool for the study of human neuronal function as well as neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases in live human neurons in a controlled environment. For example, reprogramming cells from patients with neurological diseases allows the study of molecular pathways particular to specific subtypes of neurons such as dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s Disease, Motor neurons for Amyolateral Sclerosis or myelin for Multiple Sclerosis. Detecting disease-specific molecular signatures in live human brain cells, opens possibilities for early intervention therapies and new diagnostic tools. Importantly, once the neurological neural phenotype is detected in vitro, the so-called “disease-in-a-dish” approach allows for the screening of drugs that can ameliorate the disease-specific phenotype. New therapeutic drugs could either act on generalized pathways in all patients or be patient-specific and used in a personalized medicine approach. However, there are a number of pressing issues that need to be addressed and resolved before PSC technology can be extensively used for clinically relevant modeling of neurological diseases. Among these issues are the variability in PSC generation methods, variability between individuals, epigenetic/genetic instability and the ability to obtain disease-relevant subtypes of neurons . Current protocols for differentiating PSC into specific subtypes of neurons are under development, but more and better protocols are needed. Understanding the molecular pathways involved in human neural differentiation will facilitate the development of methods and tools to enrich and monitor the generation of specific subtypes of neurons that would be more relevant in modeling different neurological diseases.
Download or read book Clinical Trials In Parkinson s Disease written by Santiago Perez-Lloret and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at major clinical trials for motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and covers important aspects, including trial design, sample selection, and outcome selection. Chapters in this book discuss topics such as toxin-based rodent or genetic models of PD; clinical trials for motor symptoms, L-DOPA related motor complications, and gait disorders; clinical trials for mood disorders, troubled sleep, autonomic dysfunction; and clinical trials for disease modifying therapies. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory or research center. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Clinical Trials in Parkinson’s Disease is a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers who want to enhance their interpretation of results from clinical trials and to design their own high-quality trials.
Download or read book An Essay on the Shaking Palsy written by James Parkinson and published by . This book was released on 1817 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parkinson s Disease written by National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (Great Britain) and published by Royal College of Physicians. This book was released on 2006 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parkinson s Disease and Related Disorders written by Peter Riederer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive overview on current clinical and basic research issues related to Parkinson’s disease and its related disorders. The book is the result of the 16th International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Related disorders congress 2005. Its contents are suitable for neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, basic researchers, geneticians and patients as well as their relatives.
