Download or read book Forced Opposed Flow Flame Spread Over Flat Solid Fuels in the Thermal Near Quiescent and Chemical Kinetic Regimes written by Jeffrey S. West and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed numerical model of opposed-flow flame spread over solid fuels is developed. The model is used to study flame spread in three regimes of flame spread; the Thermal, Chemical Kinetic and Near Quiescent Regimes. Simplifying assumptions that have been historically applied to this problem are investigated and their effect on the flame spread rate and flame structure are quantified in each regime. A semi-empirical flame spread formula for thermally thick fuels is developed from knowledge of the dominant simplifying assumptions in this regime. Spread rate predictions compare well to experimental and computed results. This semi-empirical model provides field variables which previous theories are unable to predict. Mechanisms of heat transfer ahead of the flame are studied in each regime. Forward heat transfer though the solid fuel becomes more important in the Chemical Kinetic and Near Quiescent Regimes, a previously unknown result. The rate and path of forward heat transfer is found to depend strongly on simplifying assumptions and the flame anchor location. These results explain the relationship between previous analytical and experimental forward heat transfer results. A dimensionless criterion predicting the fuel thickness at which transition from thermally thick to thermally thin is developed which compares well with experimental and computed results. Finite-rate gas-phase chemical kinetics are found to be the cause of the super-thin regime of flame spread. A formula for the limiting flame spread rate in this regime is developed. Correlation of computed spread rates with the Damkohler number is revisited. Uncertainty in residence time due to uncertainties in characteristic velocity and gas-phase properties is found to be the cause of spread in the correlation. The Damkohler number alone explains variations in many parameters although it alone cannot explain changes in gas-phase activation energy. The boundary between the Near Quiescent and Thermal Regime is quantified using a dimensionless radiation number. A new extinction limit for thick fuels in the Near Quiescent Regime is discovered. Radiative losses cause the flame to grow small and spread so slowly that sufficient oxygen is not available to sustain the flame. Recent experimental results confirm this conclusion.
Download or read book A Model of Concurrent Flow Flame Spread Over a Thin Solid Fuel written by Paul Vincent Ferkul and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microgravity Combustion written by Howard D. Ross and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-03 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to understanding combustion, the burning of a substance that produces heat and often light, in microgravity environments-i.e., environments with very low gravity such as outer space. Readers are presented with a compilation of worldwide findings from fifteen years of research and experimental tests in various low-gravity environments, including drop towers, aircraft, and space.Microgravity Combustion is unique in that no other book reviews low- gravity combustion research in such a comprehensive manner. It provides an excellent introduction for those researching in the fields of combustion, aerospace, and fluid and thermal sciences.* An introduction to the progress made in understanding combustion in a microgravity environment* Experimental, theoretical and computational findings of current combustion research* Tutorial concepts, such as scaling analysis* Worldwide microgravity research findings
Download or read book Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Contemporary Research written by Arun K. Saha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-20 with total page 1638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises the proceedings of the 42nd National and 5th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power held at IIT Kanpur in December, 2014.The conference proceedings encapsulate the best deliberations held during the conference. The diversity of participation in the conference, from academia, industry and research laboratories reflects in the articles appearing in the volume. This contributed volume has articles from authors who have participated in the conference on thematic areas such as Fundamental Issues and Perspectives in Fluid Mechanics; Measurement Techniques and Instrumentation; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Instability, Transition and Turbulence; Turbomachinery; Multiphase Flows; Fluid‐Structure Interaction and Flow‐Induced Noise; Microfluidics; Bio‐inspired Fluid Mechanics; Internal Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines; and Specialized Topics. The contents of this volume will prove useful to researchers from industry and academia alike.
Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Gallery of Combustion and Fire written by Charles E. Baukal, Jr. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Gallery of Combustion and Fire is the first book to provide a graphical perspective of the extremely visual phenomenon of combustion in full color. It is designed primarily to be used in parallel with, and supplement existing combustion textbooks that are usually in black and white, making it a challenge to visualize such a graphic phenomenon. Each image includes a description of how it was generated, which is detailed enough for the expert but simple enough for the novice. Processes range from small scale academic flames up to full scale industrial flames under a wide range of conditions such as low and normal gravity, atmospheric to high pressures, actual and simulated flames, and controlled and uncontrolled flames. Containing over 500 color images, with over 230 contributors from over 75 organizations, this volume is a valuable asset for experts and novices alike.
Download or read book Physical Science Under Microgravity Experiments on Board the SJ 10 Recoverable Satellite written by Wenrui Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the physical science experiments in a space microgravity environment conducted on board the SJ-10 recoverable satellite, which was launched on April 6th, 2016 and recovered on April 18th, 2016. The experiments described were selected from ~100 proposals from various institutions in China and around the world, and have never previously been conducted in the respective fields. They involve fluid physics and materials science, and primarily investigate the kinetic properties of matter in a space microgravity environment. The book provides a comprehensive review of these experiments, as well as the mission’s execution, data collection, and scientific outcomes.
Download or read book Joint Meeting of the U S Sections of the Combustion Institute Western States Central States Eastern States written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Gas phase Radiation and Detailed Kinetics on the Burning and Extinction of a Solid Fuel written by Jennifer L. Rhatigan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first attempt to analyze both radiation and detailed kinetics on the burning and extinction of a solid fuel in a stagnation-point diffusion flame. We present a detailed and comparatively accurate computational model of a solid fuel flame along with a quantitative study of the kinetics mechanism, radiation interactions, and the extinction limits of the flame. A detailed kinetics model for the burning of solid trioxane (a trimer of formaldehyde) is coupled with a narrowband radiation model, with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water vapor as the gas-phase participating media. The solution of the solid trioxane diffusion flame over the flammable regime is presented in some detail, as this is the first solution of a heterogeneous trioxane flame. We identify high-temperature and low-temperature reaction paths for the heterogeneous trioxane flame. We then compare the adiabatic solution to solutions that include surface radiation only and gas-phase and surface radiation using surface model.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering written by Morgan J. Hurley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-07 with total page 3510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised and significantly expanded, the fifth edition of this classic work offers both new and substantially updated information. As the definitive reference on fire protection engineering, this book provides thorough treatment of the current best practices in fire protection engineering and performance-based fire safety. Over 130 eminent fire engineers and researchers contributed chapters to the book, representing universities and professional organizations around the world. It remains the indispensible source for reliable coverage of fire safety engineering fundamentals, fire dynamics, hazard calculations, fire risk analysis, modeling and more. With seventeen new chapters and over 1,800 figures, the this new edition contains: Step-by-step equations that explain engineering calculations Comprehensive revision of the coverage of human behavior in fire, including several new chapters on egress system design, occupant evacuation scenarios, combustion toxicity and data for human behavior analysis Revised fundamental chapters for a stronger sense of context Added chapters on fire protection system selection and design, including selection of fire safety systems, system activation and controls and CO2 extinguishing systems Recent advances in fire resistance design Addition of new chapters on industrial fire protection, including vapor clouds, effects of thermal radiation on people, BLEVEs, dust explosions and gas and vapor explosions New chapters on fire load density, curtain walls, wildland fires and vehicle tunnels Essential reference appendices on conversion factors, thermophysical property data, fuel properties and combustion data, configuration factors and piping properties “Three-volume set; not available separately”
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Second International Microgravity Combustion Workshop written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AIDAA ISSM9 Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Scale Modeling written by Sergio De Rosa and published by Persiani Editore. This book was released on 2022 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Scale Modeling This volume contains the works presented at the ninth edition of the International Symposium on Scale Modeling, ISSM9. The symposium brought together 53 scientists from 8 different countries and 3 continents, from both Academia and Research Centers; they participated virtually or in person to present the latest developments and trends in scale application and progress in several engineering fields (mostly in continuum mechanics and fluid dynamics). During the symposium there were 4 keynote talks, the related abstracts are here enclosed. The contents of the talks are about the state-of-the-art of similitude theory and scale modeling and they are useful for any researcher interested in similar topics.
Download or read book Low Gravity Fluid Dynamics and Transport Phenomena written by Robert L. Sani and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1990 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gravitationally Affected Combustion written by Matthew D. King and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is an investigation into the effects of natural convection on the combustion process of a spreading flame in a gravitational environment. The flame is spreading into an opposing flow of oxidizer over a solid fuel. This is approached as a steady state problem with coordinates fixed at the tip of the flame. This investigation incorporates the use of experimental data, numerical simulations and a simplified approach to develop a better understanding of combustion. The focus of the material presented can be separated in two components: First, a well validated forced flow numerical model is used to evaluate flame structure for the natural convection configuration. A simplified approach is developed and compared to the numerical model for flame structure and flame spread rates in chapters 2 and 3. Critical parameters controlling flame spread such as pressure, fuel thickness, oxygen concentration, and strength of gravitational field are widely varied. In the thermal regime, where this simplified approach applies, comparisons between experimental data, numerical solutions and simplified approach predictions are excellent. The numerical model is also compared to experimental data outside the thermal regime including a prediction of the regression rate of the solid fuel and gas phase characteristics. Second, a hybrid two-color pyrometry technique is developed and used to analyze flame structure for experiments in a microgravity environment. Images of flame intensity are calibrated and converted into temperature profiles for various opposed flow velocities and oxygen concentration. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate various approximate techniques and their accuracies. The experimental images are used in conjunction with the numerical simulation to determine the temperature profiles and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Techniques are discussed on how to improve the results for future experiments by modifying the filter bandwidth selections. Through a greater understanding of the physics and controlling mechanisms for flame spread, the ability to control fire and the establishment of comprehensive guidelines for fire safety will be realized. This dissertation is another step toward that goal.
