Download or read book Stochastic Discounted Cash Flow written by Lutz Kruschwitz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses firm valuation, which is of interest to economists, particularly those working in finance. Firm valuation comes down to the calculation of the discounted cash flow, often only referred to by its abbreviation, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other, such as entity approaches and equity approaches. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), two concepts classified as entity approaches. This book explains why there are several procedures and whether they lead to the same result. It also examines the economic differences between the methods and indicates the various purposes they serve. Further it describes the limits of the procedures and the situations they are best applied to. The problems this book addresses are relevant to theoreticians and practitioners alike.

Download or read book Principles of Cash Flow Valuation written by Joseph Tham and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-02-23 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Cash Flow Valuation is the only book available that focuses exclusively on cash flow valuation. This text provides a comprehensive and practical, market-based framework for the valuation of finite cash flows derived from a set of integrated financial statements, namely, the income statement, balance sheet, and cash budget. The authors have distilled the essence of years of gathering academic wisdom in the study of cash flow analysis and the cost of capital. Their work should go a long way toward bridging the gap between the application of cost benefit analysis and the theory of capital budgeting. This book covers the basic concepts in market-based cash flow valuation. Topics include the tme value of money (TVM) and an introduction to cost of capital; basic review of financial statements and accounting concepts; construction of integrated pro-forma financial statements; derivation of free cash flows; use of the WACC in theory and in practice; estimating the WACC for non traded firms; calculating the terminal value beyond the planning period. It also revisits the theory for cost of capital and explains how cash flows are valued in reality. The ideas are illustrated using examples and a case study. The presentation is appropriate for a range of technical backgrounds. This text will be of interest to finance professionals as well as MBA and other graduate students in finance. * Provides the only exclusive treatment of cash flow valuation* Authors use examples and a case study to illustrate ideas* Presentation appropriate for a range of technical backgrounds: ideas are presented clearly, full exposition is also provided* Named among the Top 10 financial engineering titles by Financial Engineering News

Download or read book Equity Valuation written by Peter O. Christensen and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We review and critically examine the standard approach to equity valuation using a constant risk-adjusted cost of capital, and we develop a new valuation approach discounting risk-adjusted fundamentals, such as expected free cash flows and residual operating income, using nominal zero-coupon interest rates. We show that standard estimates of the cost of capital, based on historical stock returns, are likely to be a significantly biased measure of the firm's cost of capital, but also that the bias is almost impossible to quantify empirically. The new approach recognizes that, in practice, interest rates, expected equity returns, and inflation rates are all stochastic. We explicitly characterize the risk-adjustments to the fundamentals in an equilibrium setting. We show how the term structure of risk-adjustments depends on both the time-series properties of the free cash flows and the accounting policy. Growth, persistence, and mean reversion of residual operating income created by competition in the product markets or by the accounting policy are key determinants of the term structure of risk-adjustments.

Download or read book Principles of Equity Valuation written by Ian Davidson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a rigorous introduction to corporate finance and the valuation of equity. The first half of the book covers much of the received theory in these areas such as the relationship between the risk of an equity security and the return one can expect from it, the effects of leverage (that is, the borrowing policies of the firm) on the return one can expect from the firm’s shares and the role that dividends, operating cash flows and accounting earnings play in the valuation of equity. The second half of the book is more advanced and deals with the important role that "real options" (that is, as yet unexploited investment opportunities) play in the valuation of equity.

Download or read book Alternative Investments written by CAIA Association and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether you are a seasoned professional looking to explore new areas within the alternative investment arena or a new industry participant seeking to establish a solid understanding of alternative investments, Alternative Investments: An Allocator's Approach, Fourth Edition (CAIA Level II curriculum official text) is the best way to achieve these goals. In recent years, capital formation has shifted dramatically away from public markets as issuers pursue better financial and value alignment with ownership, less onerous and expensive regulatory requirements, market and information dislocation, and liberation from the short-term challenges that undergird the public capital markets. The careful and informed use of alternative investments in a diversified portfolio can reduce risk, lower volatility, and improve returns over the long-term, enhancing investors' ability to meet their investment outcomes. Alternative Investments: An Allocator's Approach (CAIA Level II curriculum official text) is a key resource that can be used to improve the sophistication of asset owners and those who work with them. This text comprises the curriculum, when combined with supplemental materials available at caia.org, for the CAIA Level II exam. "Over the course of my long career one tenet has held true, 'Continuing Education'. Since CalSTRS is a teachers' pension plan, it is no surprise that continuing education is a core attribute of our Investment Office culture. Overseeing one of the largest institutional pools of capital in the world requires a cohesive knowledge and understanding of both public and private market investments and strategies. We must understand how these opportunities might contribute to delivering on investment outcomes for our beneficiaries. Alternative Investments: An Allocator's Approach is the definitive core instruction manual for an institutional investor, and it puts you in the captain's chair of the asset owner." —Christopher J. Ailman, Chief Investment Officer, California State Teachers’ Retirement System "Given their diversified cash flow streams and returns, private markets continue to be a growing fixture of patient, long-term portfolios. As such, the need to have proficiency across these sophisticated strategies, asset classes, and instruments is critical for today's capital allocator. As a proud CAIA charterholder, I have seen the practical benefits in building a strong private markets foundation, allowing me to better assist my clients." —Jayne Bok, CAIA, CFA, Head of Investments, Asia, Willis Tower Watson

Download or read book Lecture Notes In Fixed Income Fundamentals written by Eliezer Z Prisman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for undergraduates, this book is dedicated to fixed income fundamentals that do not require modeling the dynamics of interest rates. The book concentrates on understanding and explaining the pillars of fixed income markets, using the modern finance approach implied by the 'no free lunch' condition. It focuses on conceptual understanding so that novice readers will be familiar with tools needed to analyze bond markets. Institutional information is covered only to the extent that is necessary to obtain full appreciation of concepts.This volume will equip readers with a solid and intuitive understanding of the No Arbitrage Condition — its link to the existence and estimation of the term structure of interest rates, and to valuation of financial contracts. Using the modern approach of arbitrage arguments, the book addresses positions and contracts that do not require modeling evolution of interest rates. As such, it welcomes readers lacking the technical background for this modeling, and provides them with good intuition for interest rates, no arbitrage condition, bond markets and certain financial contracts.

Download or read book Stochastic Models in Life Insurance written by Michael Koller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a sound mathematical base for life insurance mathematics and applies the underlying concepts to concrete examples. Moreover the models presented make it possible to model life insurance policies by means of Markov chains. Two chapters covering ALM and abstract valuation concepts on the background of Solvency II complete this volume. Numerous examples and a parallel treatment of discrete and continuous approaches help the reader to implement the theory directly in practice.

Download or read book Financial Modeling Actuarial Valuation and Solvency in Insurance written by Mario V. Wüthrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk management for financial institutions is one of the key topics the financial industry has to deal with. The present volume is a mathematically rigorous text on solvency modeling. Currently, there are many new developments in this area in the financial and insurance industry (Basel III and Solvency II), but none of these developments provides a fully consistent and comprehensive framework for the analysis of solvency questions. Merz and Wüthrich combine ideas from financial mathematics (no-arbitrage theory, equivalent martingale measure), actuarial sciences (insurance claims modeling, cash flow valuation) and economic theory (risk aversion, probability distortion) to provide a fully consistent framework. Within this framework they then study solvency questions in incomplete markets, analyze hedging risks, and study asset-and-liability management questions, as well as issues like the limited liability options, dividend to shareholder questions, the role of re-insurance, etc. This work embeds the solvency discussion (and long-term liabilities) into a scientific framework and is intended for researchers as well as practitioners in the financial and actuarial industry, especially those in charge of internal risk management systems. Readers should have a good background in probability theory and statistics, and should be familiar with popular distributions, stochastic processes, martingales, etc.

Download or read book Asset Pricing in Discrete Time written by Ser-Huang Poon and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005-01-13 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relying on the existence, in a complete market, of a pricing kernel, this book covers the pricing of assets, derivatives, and bonds in a discrete time, complete markets framework. It is primarily aimed at advanced Masters and PhD students in finance.-- Covers asset pricing in a single period model, deriving a simple complete market pricing model and using Stein's lemma to derive a version of the Capital Asset Pricing Model.-- Looks more deeply into some of the utility determinants of the pricing kernel, investigating in particular the effect of non-marketable background risks on the shape of the pricing kernel.-- Derives the prices of European-style contingent claims, in particular call options, in a one-period model; derives the Black-Scholes model assuming a lognormal distribution for the asset and a pricing kernel with constant elasticity, and emphasizes the idea of a risk-neutral valuation relationship between the price of a contingent claim on an asset and the underlying asset price.-- Extends the analysis to contingent claims on assets with non-lognormal distributions and considers the pricing of claims when risk-neutral valuation relationships do not exist.-- Expands the treatment of asset pricing to a multi-period economy, deriving prices in a rational expectations equilibrium.-- Uses the rational expectations framework to analyse the pricing of forward and futures contracts on assets and derivatives.-- Analyses the pricing of bonds given stochastic interest rates, and then uses this methodology to model the drift of forward rates, and as a special case the drift of the forward London Interbank Offer Rate in the LIBOR Market Model.

Download or read book Discounted Cash Flow written by Lutz Kruschwitz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-02-03 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firm valuation is currently a very exciting topic. It is interesting for those economists engaged in either practice or theory, particularly for those in finance. The literature on firm valuation recommends logical, quantitative methods, which deal with establishing today's value of future free cash flows. In this respect firm valuation is identical with the calculation of the discounted cash flow, DCF. There are, however, different coexistent versions, which seem to compete against each other. Entity approach and equity approach are thus differentiated. Acronyms are often used, such as APV (adjusted present value) or WACC (weighted average cost of capital), whereby these two concepts are classified under entity approach. Why are there several procedures and not just one? Do they all lead to the same result? If not, where do the economic differences lie? If so, for what purpose are different methods needed? And further: do the known procedures suffice? Or are there situations where none of the concepts developed up to now delivers the correct value of the firm? If so, how is the appropriate valuation formula to be found? These questions are not just interesting for theoreticians; even the practitioner who is confronted with the task of marketing his or her results has to deal with it. The authors systematically clarify the way in which these different variations of the DCF concept are related throughout the book ENDORSEMENTS FOR LÖFFLER: DISCOUNTED 0-470-87044-3 "Compared with the huge number of books on pragmatic approaches to discounted cash flow valuation, there are remarkably few that lay out the theoretical underpinnings of this technique. Kruschwitz and Löffler bring together the theory in this area in a consistent and rigorous way that should be useful for all serious students of the topic." --Ian Cooper, London Business School "This treatise on the market valuation of corporate cash flows offers the first reconciliation of conventional cost-of-capital valuation models from the corporate finance literature with state-pricing (or 'risk-neutral' pricing) models subsequently developed on the basis of multi-period no-arbitrage theories. Using an entertaining style, Kruschwitz and Löffler develop a precise and theoretically consistent definition of 'cost of capital', and provoke readers to drop vague or contradictory alternatives." --Darrell Duffie, Stanford University "Handling firm and personal income taxes properly in valuation involves complex considerations. This book offers a new, precise, clear and concise theoretical path that is pleasant to read. Now it is the practitioners task to translate this approach into real-world applications!" --Wolfgang Wagner, PricewaterhouseCoopers "It is an interesting book, which has some new results and it fills a gap in the literature between the usual undergraduate material and the very abstract PhD material in such books as that of Duffie (Dynamic Asset Pricing Theory). The style is very engaging, which is rare in books pitched at this level." --Martin Lally, University of Wellington

Download or read book Manufacturing and Managing Customer Driven Derivatives written by Dong Qu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-21 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manufacturing and Managing Customer-Driven Derivatives Manufacturing and Managing Customer-Driven Derivatives sheds light on customer-driven derivative products and their manufacturing process, which can prove a complicated topic for even experienced financial practitioners. This authoritative text offers up-to-date knowledge and practices across a broad range of topics that address the entire manufacturing, pricing and risk management process, including practical knowledge and industrial best practices. This resource blends quantitative and business perspectives to provide an in-depth understanding of the derivative risk management skills that are necessary to adopt in the competitive financial industry. Manufacturing and managing customer-driven derivative products have become more complex due to macro factors such as the multi-curve environments triggered by the recent financial crises, stricter regulatory requirements of consistent modelling and managing frameworks, and the need for risk/reward optimisation. Explore the fundamental components of the derivatives business, including equity derivatives, interest rates derivatives, real estate derivatives, and real life derivatives, etc. Examine the life cycle of manufacturing derivative products and practical pricing models Deep dive into a wide range of customer-driven structured derivative products, their investment or hedging payoff features and associated risk exposures Examine the implications of changing regulatory standards, which can increase costs in the banking sector Discover practical yet sophisticated product analysis, quantitative modeling, infrastructure integration, risk analysis, and hedging analysis Gain insight on how banks should handle complex derivatives products Manufacturing and Managing Customer-Driven Derivatives is an essential guide for quants, structurers, derivatives traders, risk managers, business executives, insurance industry professionals, hedge fund managers, academic lecturers, and financial math students who are interested in looking at the bigger picture of the manufacturing, pricing and risk management process of customer-driven derivative transactions.

Download or read book An Introduction to Computational Risk Management of Equity Linked Insurance written by Runhuan Feng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quantitative modeling of complex systems of interacting risks is a fairly recent development in the financial and insurance industries. Over the past decades, there has been tremendous innovation and development in the actuarial field. In addition to undertaking mortality and longevity risks in traditional life and annuity products, insurers face unprecedented financial risks since the introduction of equity-linking insurance in 1960s. As the industry moves into the new territory of managing many intertwined financial and insurance risks, non-traditional problems and challenges arise, presenting great opportunities for technology development. Today's computational power and technology make it possible for the life insurance industry to develop highly sophisticated models, which were impossible just a decade ago. Nonetheless, as more industrial practices and regulations move towards dependence on stochastic models, the demand for computational power continues to grow. While the industry continues to rely heavily on hardware innovations, trying to make brute force methods faster and more palatable, we are approaching a crossroads about how to proceed. An Introduction to Computational Risk Management of Equity-Linked Insurance provides a resource for students and entry-level professionals to understand the fundamentals of industrial modeling practice, but also to give a glimpse of software methodologies for modeling and computational efficiency. Features Provides a comprehensive and self-contained introduction to quantitative risk management of equity-linked insurance with exercises and programming samples Includes a collection of mathematical formulations of risk management problems presenting opportunities and challenges to applied mathematicians Summarizes state-of-arts computational techniques for risk management professionals Bridges the gap between the latest developments in finance and actuarial literature and the practice of risk management for investment-combined life insurance Gives a comprehensive review of both Monte Carlo simulation methods and non-simulation numerical methods Runhuan Feng is an Associate Professor of Mathematics and the Director of Actuarial Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and a Chartered Enterprise Risk Analyst. He is a Helen Corley Petit Professorial Scholar and the State Farm Companies Foundation Scholar in Actuarial Science. Runhuan received a Ph.D. degree in Actuarial Science from the University of Waterloo, Canada. Prior to joining Illinois, he held a tenure-track position at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, where he was named a Research Fellow. Runhuan received numerous grants and research contracts from the Actuarial Foundation and the Society of Actuaries in the past. He has published a series of papers on top-tier actuarial and applied probability journals on stochastic analytic approaches in risk theory and quantitative risk management of equity-linked insurance. Over the recent years, he has dedicated his efforts to developing computational methods for managing market innovations in areas of investment combined insurance and retirement planning.

Download or read book Real Options Ambiguity Risk and Insurance written by A. Bensoussan and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial engineering has become the focus of widespread media attention as a result of the worldwide financial crisis of recent years. This book is the second in a series dealing with financial engineering from Ajou University in Korea. The main objective of the series is to disseminate recent developments and important issues in financial engineering to graduate students and researchers, and to provide surveys or pedagogical exposition of important published papers in a broad perspective, as well as analyses of important financial news concerning financial engineering research, practices or regulations. Real Options, Ambiguity, Risk and Insurance, comprises 12 chapters and is divided into three parts. In Part I, five chapters deal with real options analysis, which addresses the issue of investment decisions in complex, innovative or risky projects. Part II presents three chapters on ambiguity. The notion of ambiguity is one of the major breakthroughs in the expected utility theory; ambiguity arises as uncertainties cannot be precisely described in the probability space. Part III consists of four chapters devoted to risk and insurance, and covers mutual insurance for non-traded risks, downside risk management, and credit risk in fixed income markets. This volume will be useful to both graduate students and researchers in understanding relatively new areas in economics and finance, as well as challenging aspects of mathematics.

Download or read book Working Capital Management written by Lorenzo Preve and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-28 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working Capital Management provides a general framework that will help managers understand working capital using a comprehensive approach that links operating decisions to their financial implications and to the overall business strategy. It will also help managers to gain a better understanding of the key drivers to profitability and value creation.

Download or read book A Structural Framework for the Pricing of Corporate Securities written by Michael Genser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A treatment of structural credit risk models for simultaneous and consistent pricing of corporate securities. This book takes us from the economic principles of firm value models to the empirical implementation, through the development of an economic framework. It provides exposition of corporate securities pricing for academics and practitioners.

Download or read book Valuation of Interest Sensitive Financial Instruments written by David F. Babbel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-11-13 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Valuations of Interest-Sensitive Financial Instruments provides in-depth analysis of the development and underpinnings of models that are essential to the financial analyst or valuation actuary. Complete coverage includes: spot and forward interest rates, discrete- and continuous-time one-factor models, multi-factor discrete- and continuous-time models, and simulation approaches.

Download or read book Innovations in Derivatives Markets written by Kathrin Glau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-02 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents 20 peer-reviewed chapters on current aspects of derivatives markets and derivative pricing. The contributions, written by leading researchers in the field as well as experienced authors from the financial industry, present the state of the art in: • Modeling counterparty credit risk: credit valuation adjustment, debit valuation adjustment, funding valuation adjustment, and wrong way risk. • Pricing and hedging in fixed-income markets and multi-curve interest-rate modeling. • Recent developments concerning contingent convertible bonds, the measuring of basis spreads, and the modeling of implied correlations. The recent financial crisis has cast tremendous doubts on the classical view on derivative pricing. Now, counterparty credit risk and liquidity issues are integral aspects of a prudent valuation procedure and the reference interest rates are represented by a multitude of curves according to their different periods and maturities. A panel discussion included in the book (featuring Damiano Brigo, Christian Fries, John Hull, and Daniel Sommer) on the foundations of modeling and pricing in the presence of counterparty credit risk provides intriguing insights on the debate.