Download or read book A New Portable Tester for the Evaluation of the Slip Resistance of Walkway Surfaces Classic Reprint written by Robert J. Brungraber and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-28 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A New Portable Tester for the Evaluation of the Slip-Resistance of Walkway Surfaces Slips and falls are a serious problem in homes as well as in public buildings. For example, the 1974 edition of Accident Facts, published by the National Safety Council, indicated that annually 8 million falls occur in homes, resulting in million disabling injuries and deaths. The Annotated Bibliography referred to in the Introduction contains references citing accident statistics for department stores and. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book A New Portable Tester for the Evaluation of the Slip resistance of Walkway Surfaces written by Robert J. Brungraber and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A New Portable Tester for the Evaluation of the Slip resistance of Walkway Surfaces written by Robert J. Brungraber and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Walkway Slip resistance Research at the National Bureau of Standards written by Sanford C. Adler and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Walkway Surfaces Measurement of Slip Resistance written by John Senne and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1978 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Walkway Slip Resistance Research at the National Bureau of Standards Classic Reprint written by Stanford C. Adler and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A History of Walkway Slip-Resistance Research at the National Bureau of Standards The National Safety Council reports that slips and falls are the major building-related cause of accidental death and injury In 1976, over 8 million falls resulted in million disabling injuries and deaths. The victims are primarily the young and the old, with more serious consequences for the elderly. Children under 15 (approximately 30% of the u.s. Population) suffered nearly half of the disabling injuries. Adults over 65 (approximately 10% of the u.s. Population) experienced 20% of the fatalities. In more than half of the falls, slippery surfaces were identified as a major contributing factor. Existing standards and codes for walkway surfaces are generally vague and difficult to enforce since they lack quantitative definition of acceptable levels of slip-resistance. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Evaluation of Performance of Three Slip Resistance Testers written by BT. Kulakowski and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Injuries and deaths from falls due to slipping on walking surfaces have been recognized as a major accident problem in many countries. The safety of walking depends primarily on the surface slip resistance, which is defined as the ratio of (a) the minimum shear force necessary to initiate slipping of a body over the surface to (b) the body's normal force. Several kinds of devices are currently in use to measure slip resistance. In this paper three slip resistance measuring devices are evaluated: the National Bureau of Standards-Brungraber Tester, the Horizontal Pull Slipmeter, and the Pennsylvania Transportation Institute Drag Sled Tester. The testing program consisted of two phases. In the first phase each tester was used to measure the slip resistance of selected surfaces representing a wide range of frictional characteristics of typical indoor and outdoor surfaces. All tested materials were in actual use on walking surfaces. In the mechanical tests the testers were evaluated with respect to their applicability, precision, repeatability, and sensitivity to the operator's measuring technique. The correlation was determined between the results produced by the testers on the same surfaces.
Download or read book Implications for the Development of Slip Resistance Standards Arising from Rank Comparisons of Friction Test Results Obtained Using Different Walkway Safety Tribometers Under Various Conditions written by P. Westgate and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the extent to which different tribometers consistently rank the slip resistance of a series of different ceramic tiles, as measured by a number of techniques. An accelerated abrasion treatment was used to determine how the slip resistance might change with wear in service. It forms part of a wider study of the slip resistance of stone, concrete, vinyl, rubber and other pedestrian surfaces. Although most techniques ranked the tiles in a similar order, there were some notable exceptions. Underestimation or overestimation of available slip resistance may cause significant problems, whether in the evaluation of a new product or an existing walkway surface. It is important to determine when specific tribometers may give "incorrect" results on particular types of surfaces, in order that a more reliable assessment can be made. This may require the use of a different technique, a dissimilar test foot, or modified test procedures or parameters. When a hard rubber test foot was used, the slip resistance tended to reflect the altered surface roughness of the abraded tiles, but when a resilient rubber was used, there was a general increase in the slip resistance. These results confirm the complex interplay between surface topography and choice of test foot. The results also indicate that current commonly used test methods can yield results that poorly predict the traction available to a pedestrian, either when the product is new or after the surface wears. This study found that the manually-pulled 50-pound drag sled (as used in ASTM C-1028) was incapable of satisfactorily distinguishing between the wet slip resistance of ceramic tiles. The pendulum tribometer (used according to AS/NZS 4586, with TRRL rubber, similar to ASTM E-303) provided more reliable results than the English XL Variable Incidence Tribometer (used according to ASTM F-1679).
Download or read book Slips Stumbles and Falls written by B. Everett Gray and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1990 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers of the ASTM symposium on [title], held in Denver, October 1989, present a variety of viewpoints to stimulate additional investigation for the development of coefficient of friction principles and devices, the application of which could be helpful in better understanding the causes of pedestri
Download or read book Walkway Surfaces Measurement of Slip Resistance written by Carl Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Variable Inclinable Stepmeter written by J. Patel and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of techniques have been used to measure walkway-surface/shoe-outsole slip resistance, employing both stationary and portable devices. In operation, typically, a shoe outsole material is placed in contact with a walkway surface and the ratio of the tangential force to the normal force at motion inception is a measure of the static coefficient of friction between the surfaces.
Download or read book Materials and Equipment Whitewares Volume 13 Issue 1 2 written by John B. Wachtman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is part of the Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceeding (CESP) series. This series contains a collection of papers dealing with issues in both traditional ceramics (i.e., glass, whitewares, refractories, and porcelain enamel) and advanced ceramics. Topics covered in the area of advanced ceramic include bioceramics, nanomaterials, composites, solid oxide fuel cells, mechanical properties and structural design, advanced ceramic coatings, ceramic armor, porous ceramics, and more.
Download or read book Design Construction and Evaluation of a Portable Skid Tester written by Donald Norbert Gass and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Walkway Surfaces written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book REFINEMENT OF HANDHELD SLIP RESISTANCE TRIBOMETER written by Nicholas Nace and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The designs of current tribometers used to test walkway surfaces are overly complex and result in high testing costs for customers. Stauffers research validated the function of a new, simpler tribometer prototype that operates using strain gauges. Stauffers handheld tribometer design was validated, but was not ergonomic, aesthetic, or manufacturable. A refined handheld tribometer design was designed and the hardware was fabricated by incorporating new technology and focusing on the missing attributes listed above.
Download or read book A Comparison of the ASTM F2508 and ANSI NFSI B101 3 Walkway Safety Tribometry Standards Using Measurements from Two Different Tribometers written by Grant Bevill and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to provide the safest possible built environment for pedestrian use, care must be taken to supply walking surfaces that are slip resistant. However, there remains an inability to establish a method of consensus for determining whether a surface is slip resistant. Two current walkway-safety standards illustrate two different approaches to this issueANSI A137.1, American National Standards Specifications for Ceramic Tile , and ANSI/NFSI B101.3, Test Method for Measuring Wet DCOF of Common Hard-Surface Floor Materials , promotes a numeric threshold model, while ASTM F2508, Standard Practice for Validation, Calibration, and Certification of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces , is a validation standard based on the relative ranking of walkway surface materials. The goal of this study was to determine whether these two standards are compatible in how they rank/evaluate surfaces. To do this, two tribometers, (the BOT-3000E (BOT) (Regan Scientific Instruments, Southlake, TX, USA) and English XL Variable Incidence Tribometer (XL) (Excel Tribometers, Chesapeake, VA, USA)) were used to take slip resistance measurements using the four reference surfaces designated in the ASTM F2508 standard. Measurements for the BOT were taken under three conditions: (1) styrenebutadienerubber (SBR) test foot with distilled water and surfactant (consistent with ANSI/NFSI B101.3), (2) SBR test foot with distilled water, and (3) Neolite test foot with distilled water. Measurements for the XL were taken using a Neolite test foot with distilled water. Results indicate that the vinyl composite tile was the reference surface nearest to the ANSI threshold for high slip resistance but fell approximately 11 % below the threshold value of 0.42. The two most slippery reference surfaces (granite and porcelain) fell well below the ANSI threshold for high slip resistance, while the most slip resistant (ceramic tile) was well above the threshold. Unexpectedly, we also found a strong linear correlation ( R 2 =0.99) between the measurements from the XL versus the BOT with SBR and surfactant test condition, which allowed for conversion of slip resistance readings between the two tribometers under these conditions. These results provide new data that allow aspects of the ASTM and ANSI standards to be directly compared.
Download or read book Portable Slip Testers written by PF. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world has seen a vast number of portable floor slip-resistance testers over the years. But what do they actually measure? How do they work? Which testers can be used interchangeably? And which work as effectively as the United States-recognized James Machine? This paper addresses all of these issues and discusses latest trends in floor safety.
