Download or read book A Multi Methodological Study of the Effects of Lean Manufacturing Practices on Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk Factors and Other Injuries written by Sarah K. Womack and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimated costs associated with lost days and compensation claims related to musculoskeletal disorders-including back pains and repetitive motion injuries-range from $13 billion to $20 billion annually. This is a serious national problem that has spurred considerable debate about the causal links between such disorders and risk factors in the workplace. This book presents a preliminary assessment of what is known about the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and what may cause them. It includes papers and a workshop summary of findings from orthopedic surgery, public health, occupational medicine, epidemiology, risk analysis, ergonomics, and human factors. Topics covered include the biological responses of tissues to stress, the biomechanics of work stressors, the epidemiology of physical work factors, and the contributions of individual, recreational, and social factors to such disorders. The book also considers the relative success of various workplace interventions for prevention and rehabilitation.
Download or read book Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-04-11 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimated costs associated with lost days and compensation claims related to musculoskeletal disorders-including back pains and repetitive motion injuries-range from $13 billion to $20 billion annually. This is a serious national problem that has spurred considerable debate about the causal links between such disorders and risk factors in the workplace. This book presents a preliminary assessment of what is known about the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and what may cause them. It includes papers and a workshop summary of findings from orthopedic surgery, public health, occupational medicine, epidemiology, risk analysis, ergonomics, and human factors. Topics covered include the biological responses of tissues to stress, the biomechanics of work stressors, the epidemiology of physical work factors, and the contributions of individual, recreational, and social factors to such disorders. The book also considers the relative success of various workplace interventions for prevention and rehabilitation.
Download or read book Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by Steering Committee for the Workshop on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries: The Research Base and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-10-29 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In May 1998 the National Institutes of Health asked the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council to assemble a group of experts to examine the scientific literature relevant to work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the lower back, neck, and upper extremities. A steering committee was convened to design a workshop, to identify leading researchers on the topic to participate, and to prepare a report based on the workshop discussions and their own expertise. In addition, the steering committee was asked to address, to the extent possible, a set of seven questions posed by Congressman Robert Livingston on the topic of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The steering committee includes experts in orthopedic surgery, occupational medicine, epidemiology, ergonomics, human factors, statistics, and risk analysis. This document is based on the evidence presented and discussed at the two-day Workshop on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries: Examining the Research Base, which was held on August 21 and 22, 1998, and on follow-up deliberations of the steering committee, reflecting its own expertise.
Download or read book Handbook of Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability Disorders in the Workplace written by Robert J. Gatchel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the complexity of preventing, diagnosing, and treating musculoskeletal pain and disability disorders in the workplace. Divided evenly between common occupational pain disorders, conceptual and methodological issues, and evidence-based intervention methods, this comprehensive reference presents current findings on prevalence, causation, and physical and psychological aspects common to these disorders. Attention is given to working-world concerns, including insurance and compensation issues and AMA guidelines for disability evaluations. Also, specialized chapters offer lenses for understanding and administering the best approaches for treating specific pain disorders, and explore what workplaces can do to accommodate affected employees and prevent injuries from occurring in the first place.
Download or read book Occupational Ergonomics written by Francesco Violante and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-12-14 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are the leading cause of worker impairment, disability, compensation costs and loss of productivity in industrialized countries. The aging of the workforce and the increased diffusion of physically demanding jobs contribute to the widespread concern about musculoskeletal disorders. The effective pr
Download or read book Shared Representation of Work related Musculoskeletal Risk Factors and Comparison of Assessment Methods written by Mohsen Zare Mahmoudabadi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Musculoskeletal risk factors such as physical, organizational and psychosocial factors are a common challenge for the automotive assembly industries and result in adverse human and system effects. Ergonomics has already been integrated inthe production systems of such factories to eliminate work related musculoskeletal disorders (WR-MSDs). The issue is whether the current ergonomic approach of car industries, based on corporate standards and observational methods, can provide a shared knowledge of ergonomic factors for various stakeholders and facilitate ergonomic improvement. This study focuses on the positioning of the different assessment methods (used by various stakeholders), agreement between their results in evaluation of physical risk factors and the influence of intervention and improvement following ergonomic assessment. This thesis proposes that the current procedure of risk factor assessment can not provide ashared knowledge and representation of risks between stakeholders in manufacturing industries. It was found that the operators' assessments of risk factors (self-reported questionnaire) were significantly different from those assessed by observational methods (ergonomist) and direct measurement. However, the operators' opinions and judgments of ergonomic factors of a job are of particular importance to the success of an ergonomic approach. A structured interview based on objective data (video-observation or direct measurement) linked the activities and strategies of atrisk operators might be an appropriate procedure to advance ergonomics.The knowledge gained from this study emphasizes that the variable nature of tasks in manufacturing industries needs an ergonomic approach which shares knowledge and representation of risks between stakeholders. In such an approach, attitudes and behaviors of operators are taken into consideration in developing new intervention processes, organizational and technical remedies. Moreover, involvement of stakeholders should be integrated and this should result in improving production ergonomics.
Download or read book Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders MSDs in the Workplace written by Richard Graveling and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-25 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether you call them work-related upper limb disorders (WRULDs), cumulative trauma disorders (CTDS), or occupational overuse syndromes (OOSs), these conditions are a cause of pain, disability and suffering to workers worldwide. These designations often imply that their causes are related to work, but the supporting evidence can be unclear. Transparency is important, especially when it is necessary to form a connection with work factors to obtain treatment or compensation. This book addresses the dilemma. Written by a professional ergonomist with almost 40 years of experience in workplace ergonomics, this book combines a critical summary and assessment of the epidemiological literature with an exploration of the scientific and medical evidence for possible causal mechanisms to develop well-informed conclusions on causation of a number of common musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb and intervertebral disc injury. Although much of the book focuses on physical factors, the role of psychosocial factors is increasingly being recognized and an additional chapter reviews a number of the current theories relating to this important issue. Features Focuses on a clear and authoritative account of the evidence for the role of work in the causation of commonly occurring ULDs and disc injury Provides an up-to-date compilation of the scientific evidence, devoid of views based on assumptions or prejudice Presents a clear explanation of the most likely causal mechanisms for common ULDs and disc injuries Includes a summary of theories concerning the role played by psychosocial factors Outlines the statistical evidence in a clear and understandable manner Bridges the gap between the evidence-base in the scientific and medical research literature and the practitioner
Download or read book A Community Based Pilot Study Exploring Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders WMSD Perception Among Recently Relocated Syrian Refugees in Canada written by Roghiyeh (Mehrnaz) Nazari and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refugees, a vulnerable population, usually end up in precarious work situations, which are very common in small businesses (SBs). SBs, where 69.7% of the total private labor force is employed, often hire unskilled workers and immigrants to perform manual labor and have few resources for musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) or occupational health and safety (OHS) prevention. A research group at the University of Waterloo has responded to this concern and developed a simple message about proper techniques for manual material handling (MMH) that was found to be a useful preventative approach to convey ergonomics knowledge and potentially lower the burden of MSDs among workers in SBs. This study followed up on research on the simple educational message "Leave objects off the floor" conducted by Binh Ngo in 1995. In his before-after study of the intervention, participants were asked to rate 44 videos of typical lifting tasks, from 0-10, on how likely they believed the task they just saw could eventually lead to a low back injury or low back pain (LBP). Based on the positive outcomes in Ngo's study, it was hypothesized that this simple educational message could lead to positive outcomes among newly resettled Syrian workers to improve their knowledge of identifying LBP risk factors. Syrian refugees who had been relocated in Ontario, Canada for less than six years were recruited with the help of staff at settlement agencies in Hamilton, Kitchener, and Waterloo. An explanatory sequential mixed-method approach was utilized to understand refugee workers' knowledge before and after the simple educational message. A total of 92 participants rated the 44 video clips before and after the simple educational message and 15 participated in semi-structured interviews. Statistical analysis of the lifting task rating data illustrated that the study participants were able to correctly identify LBP-associated risks, including the risk factors of vertical height, horizontal distance, weight, twisting, coupling, and repetitive movements with the exception for lifting and lowering. These findings were evident both before and after receiving the simple educational message. A primary hypothesis was that participants would rate more lifting tasks which included the risk factor of vertical height as risker after they were exposed to the educational message (vertical height is the focus of the message). This hypothesis was supported as for the vertical lifting tasks the increase in mean risk ratings in post-tests ranged from 13 to 35%. Analysis of the interview data helped explain specific findings from the ratings of lifting tasks that were unusual or unexpected. For example, for ratings for the task of lifting off the floor using the squat lifting technique were lower than expected and participants explained that they had heard in the past that squatting while lifting was the preferred approach. Similarly, participants ranked lowering objects as less risky than lifting based on their own perceptions when in fact the scientific evidence does not support differences in risk. An important message from the study is that simple messages can be effective but will be less effective if past experience/knowledge of participants is discordant. The interviews provided rich information regarding factors contributing to MSD development in refugee workers. Findings suggest that due to the usual gradual onset of symptoms in the early stages, alongside the general lack of knowledge, MSDs are not considered a serious health concern. Many accept its development as a natural part of the work experience, and thus inevitable. Participants described how institutional and personal barriers played a role in their exposure to MSD risk factors in Canadian workplaces and their reluctance to report hazardous conditions even if they experienced musculoskeletal pain. Many participants reported to be lax about protecting themselves from work-related hazards when faced with the demands of their jobs and other factors that discouraged safe work practices. These influential considerations included environmental factors, e.g., managers' attitudes which focused more on customer service or productivity, MSDs being seen as less important than injuries and accident prevention, small businesses being in a survival mode with no resources for MSD prevention, participants' own economic transition and their need to keep their job, as well as different levels of discrimination embedded in workplace structures.
Download or read book Evaluation of Exposure Assessment and Diagnostic Methodologies for Use in Epidemiological Studies of Work related Musculoskeletal Disorders written by Michelle Marie Homan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workplace Factors written by Bruce P. Bernard and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of Work Life Factors written by Alexandra Ossa and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Musculoskeletal pain is a common affliction that affects millions worldwide. It not only has a negative impact on an individual s health but also, has large societal and economic consequences. In 2001, The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor reported a national approximation of 522,528 cases (34%) of all illnesses involving days away from work were attributed to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) (1). Furthermore, the multi-factorial etiology of musculoskeletal disorders and pain, along with the increased reporting of the illness (2) has produced substantial research over the last decade (3). The majority of the studies explore the relationship between work-related psychosocial risk factors associated with the reporting of musculoskeletal disorders and pain. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact on the ability to work, based on both personal and work-related psychosocial factors that may be associated with reported musculoskeletal pain. The current study was a cross-sectional assessment of multi-task GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) employees from four Philadelphia area corporate, manufacturing and two research and developing work-sites.
Download or read book Risk Analysis and Management of Repetitive Actions written by Daniela Colombini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the application of the OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Actions) method. The methods make up a system dedicated to the analysis and management of the risk of biomechanical overload of the upper limbs. The book focuses on the OCRA checklist which presents various models from the most simplified, to the most complex. It describes methods, criteria, procedures and tools on how to perform such an assessment, in line with international standards. The book provides you with the correct methods and tools for prevention of upper limb work related musculoskeletal disorders no matter what the working environment is or what the international standards dictates.
Download or read book Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace written by Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace and published by . This book was released on 2001-05-25 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The panel has assembled the science base supporting current concepts of musculoskeletal disorders as they relate to the workplace, ranging from tissue biology through the variety of mechanical, organization. and psychosocial factors operating in the complex environment of the workplace. They also consider clinical expressions of such disorders as acted on and modified by the interaction of individuals with the range of influences and responses that characterize their milieu. c. Book News Inc.
Download or read book Objective Methods for Characterizing Physical Exposures which May Contribute to Work related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Agricultural Workers written by Ornwipa Thamsuwan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: US Migrant farmworkers perform physically-demanding work but are less likely to report poor working conditions, which exposes them to greater risk for musculoskeletal disorders (e.g., prolonged non-neutral postures, repetitive motions and forceful exertions). Technology such as harvest-assisted mobile orchard platforms can increase worker efficiency, but the potential impact on musculoskeletal health effects is unclear. The existing methods to assess ergonomic risk factors are not suitable to examine agricultural work due to the variability observed in the field. The goal of this dissertation is to develop methods to characterize these musculoskeletal health risk exposures using objective measures including kinematic (arm movements) and physiological (muscle fatigue and muscle activity) data collected in the field using inclinometer and electromyography, respectively. Subjective measures are also collected using the Borg RPE and Borg CR10 scales to assess perceived overall body exertion and local body part fatigue, respectively. These exposure assessment methods are used to evaluate and compare different apple harvesting methods in Washington State. The relationship between the objective and subjective measures are examined to assess whether objective measures, which are cumbersome to collect, can be replaced with subjective measures. The findings suggest that mobile platforms could reduce the kinematic measures of musculoskeletal health risk exposures but may not reduce physiological impact observed in muscles. Subjective measures provided different results from objective measures; therefore, one could not replace the other. The potential benefits of this research relate to improve work environment for farmworkers, which will ultimately improve their overall health and well-being.
Download or read book Solutions for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Foundries written by U.S. Department of Labor and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-03-08 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many proactive initiatives undertaken by the foundry industry, including establishing ergonomic processes, incorporating ergonomic principles into new projects, and conducting facility walkthroughs to identify injury risks have resulted in a reduction in worker injuries and illnesses. Employees working in foundries are often exposed to ergonomics-related injury risks, such as lifting heavy items, bending, reaching overhead, pushing and pulling heavy loads, working in awkward body postures, and performing the same or similar tasks repetitively. The physically demanding tasks performed during foundry operations may be responsible for the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) developed by workers in this industry. Foundry workers have higher MSD injury rates than workers in general industry and construction. Although many ergonomics-related risk factors exist in foundries, this industry has found ways to make the work less stressful through ergonomic solutions. The successful efforts of some foundries to address this important issue provide a sufficient basis for replicating these actions to better protect foundry workers. This publication provides recommendations for foundries to help increase employer and worker awareness of ergonomics-related risk factors, alleviate muscle fatigue, increase productivity, and reduce the number and severity of work-related MSDs. The general information in this publication is intended to provide foundry employers and workers with effective and practical solutions. It also aims to be a useful reference source when determining the need for ergonomic assistance for specific jobs, such as melting, mold preparation, casting, shakeout and core knockout, and cleaning and cut off. The recommendations and information presented here are intended to be a flexible framework to be adapted to the needs and resources of each individual foundry. The solutions recommended in this publication may also be beneficial in other industries, such as those that handle heavy materials, use tools for multiple processes, and work on parts of widely varying sizes and shapes. OSHA realizes that some foundries, particularly small ones, may need assistance with certain ergonomic solutions. This may include developing and implementing an ergonomic process or tailoring a recommended solution to a specific situation. Therefore, employers are encouraged to take advantage of OSHA's free consultation services to address these needs. This publication presents ergonomic solutions that are already implemented within some foundries. OSHA recommends that foundries consider these solutions in the context of a broader, systematic process that includes the elements described in this publication. Such a process will make it more likely that any solutions implemented will be both cost-effective and successful in reducing injuries. This document includes an introduction, a process for protecting workers, solutions that employers can use to help reduce MSDs in foundries, and additional sources of information on ergonomic applications in foundries.
Download or read book Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Wmsds written by I Kourinkaetal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work related muskuloskeletal disorders, or WMSDs, have become a major problem in many industrialised countries. It was previously thought that the number of repetitive jobs would decline in the future, leading to a decline in the number of WMSDs: however, this has not been the case. Some government agencies expect WMSDs to be one of the major work-related disorders into the new Millenium. This book contains evaluated scientific information that will help prevent WMSDs, derived from original research and field experience via a Canadian Government sponsored project on work related musculoskeletal disorders. The expert group's goal was twofold: the first objective was to examine the work relatedness of WMSDs in the light of existing literature, and the second was to explore and synthesize information, avenues and approaches that could help in the prevention of WMSDS.
