Download or read book A Micrometeorological Study on the Effect of Water Stress on Growth and Yield of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L in Arid Climate written by Mohamed Ayman Abdallah and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Micrometeorological Study on the Effect of Water Stress on Growth and Yield of Wheat triticum Aestivum L in Arid Climate written by M. A Abdullah and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index to Theses Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of High Temperature and Water Stress on Grain Yield of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L microform written by Sandip Kumar Pal and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long term Effects of Climate and Nitrogen on Wheat Triticum Aestivum Carbon water Relations in California written by Laura Elizabeth Emberson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tracking of crop yields as affected by climate variability and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is essential in creating a framework for sustainable agricultural management decisions in the future (Izaurralde et al. 2003; Rosenberg et al. 2003; Asseng et al. 2015). In this research, winter wheat grown in an arid climate is used as a model system to understand climate and atmospheric changes on crop yield potential. (Idso et al. 1979; Smit et al. 1988; Daniel et al. 2002; Asseng et al. 2015; Stratonovitch and Semenov 2015). Wheat is the third most commonly produced crop in the world (kg/ha) (Field to Market 2012). The following study investigates 16 years of field data (1998-2013) collected from the Century Experiment at Russell Ranch Sustainable Agricultural Facility at Davis, California. The climate at Russell Ranch covers a range of conditions from severe drought to unusually moist, representing total rainfall from 221.1 mm to 735 mm. However, results indicate that the water stress metrics used to describe seasonal water status do not have significant effects on yield outcomes. Analyses also indicate that there is no effect of carbon dioxide on yield within the range from 360-400 ppm during the study period. Results show a strong correlation between nitrogen availability and yields, when controlling for yearly variability and variability within plots of replicated treatments. Results also show that the physiological indicator of stress, represented by carbon-13 discrimination in the grain, improves the modelled description of yield. Other findings indicate that nitrogen limitations have caused much greater stress on yields than climate variability since 1998. The anisohydric adaptation of wheat is hypothesized to be a mechanism to cope with water stress. This plant strategy maintains photosynthetic capacity under stress, by favoring stomatal conductance over turgor pressure. An abiotic explanation of these results suggests climatic conditions have not reached threshold conditions to cause yield changes. Carbon dioxide levels, for instance are currently near 400 ppm, while carbon enrichment experiments only show growth effects above 550 ppm in elevated CO2 experiments. Likely, both explanations are partly responsible for the result. These findings suggest that wheat culture will remain resilient to future climate change and atmospheric change. Chapter 2: Consideration of [delta]13C and [delta]18O in wheat to understand physiological stress and weather reconstruction in a Mediterranean climate Stable isotope signatures of carbon and oxygen in wheat reflect an integrated measure of stomatal aperture throughout the season due to the interface between carbon dioxide being assimilated and water being transpired at the stomatal pore. Stomata close when available water is scare and evapotranspiration rates are high (Barbour et al. 2000; Ainsworth and Long 2005; Farooq et al. 2014). This connection between stomatal conductance and water status is reflected in the strong negative trend of [delta]13C and the strong positive trend of 18O in wheat with increasing vapor pressure deficit (Roden et al. 2000; Fry 2006).This investigation examines the relationship between 13C discrimination ([delta]13C), 18O enrichment ([delta]18O), and weather factors in three plant materials. Wheat bulk straw, straw cellulose, and bulk grain samples archived during a long-term agricultural field experiment. The field experiments original design also has three soil nitrogen treatments (Torbert et al. 2016). This archival data provided two decades worth of samples grown under natural weather conditions, rather than imposed water and carbon dioxide levels. The four major climate factors of interest were seasonal precipitation, the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), potential evapotranspiration (ETo), and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.Changes in stable isotope signatures indicate wheat is experiencing a physiological stress and is responding by stomatal closure. Carbon-13 discrimination had a negative correlation to evapotranspiration as expected, but had no relation to any other weather metric. Oxygen-18 enrichment values had a strong positive correlation with evapotranspiration in all sample types. Grain [delta]18O and cellulose [delta]13C had the most sensitive signals to changes in ETo. Straw cellulose [delta]18O was also strongly correlated to drought severity. The significant negative correlation between carbon and oxygen verifies that the changes in carbon signatures are due to water stress and not other factors. The disparity between [delta]18O responding to both ETo and PDSI, while [delta]13C only responded to ETo illuminates two points. It is evidence that oxygen isotopes are better proxies, in general, for climate conditions than carbon isotopes and that carbon isotope data, paired with [delta]18O data is better for accurately identifying stomatal response to external climate conditions. All the findings above indicate that wheat is under physiological stress throughout the field conditions experienced (Farquhar et al. 1989; Condon et al. 1992; Cabrera-Bosquet et al. 2009a). However, the results also reveal that precipitation conditions over the past two decades of experimentation was not driving the stomatal closure response. Rather, wheat stomata are responsive to the vapor pressure deficit increases and rising temperatures captured in higher ETo values. This study highlights the fact that although the utilization of isotope signatures as proxies has blossomed over the past 40 years, it is essential to understand the isotopes in context of the study to avoid incorrect water stress conclusions.
Download or read book Water Stress Effects on Growth Yield and Quality of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Zwidofhelangani Aubrey Mbave and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat in a Semi arid Environment written by Zvi Hochman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990-11 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Physiology and Productivity of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration High Temperature and Terminal Drought written by Eduardo Augusto Dias de Oliveira and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important grain crop in Australia. Around 36% of its production comes from the Mediterranean-type environment of southwestern Australia. Climatic changes predicted for this region for the year 2050, such as increase in the average temperatures (up to 2.7°C), reduction in rainfall (at least 7%) and increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, threaten future wheat grain yields. The objectives of the studies reported in this thesis were to examine the impact of the above components of climate change on growth and grain yield of commercial cultivars and breeding lines of wheat with high-yielding traits. The study was conducted during three consecutive growing seasons (2010 to 2012) at The University of Western Australia s, Shenton Park Field Research Station, and the crops were grown in tunnel houses that controlled atmospheric CO2 concentration, air temperature and watering regime in the field. The first experiment was conducted in 2010, where elevated CO2 (ECO2; 700 U+006fL L 1) was combined with three levels of high temperature (HT; 2, 4 and 6°C above ambient temperature) and terminal drought. The hypothesis that ECO2 ameliorates the negative effects of terminal drought on biomass and grain yield was tested in a vigorous line 38- 19 and in a non-vigorous cultivar Janz, both with potential adaptation to climate change. Reductions of approximately 50% biomass and 45% in grain yield caused by terminal drought were less severe (37 and 41%, respectively) under the combination of ECO2, and temperature 2°C above ambient. This amelioration resulted from changes in the carbon source:sink relationship such as 63% increase in the rate of leaf net photosynthesis in the vigorous line 38-19 and 39% increase in tiller number and leaf area in the non-vigorous cultivar Janz. However, differences in the phenology between the two cultivars may also have influenced these responses and did not allow major comparison between vigorous and non-vigorous wheat...
Download or read book Physiological Studies on Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Under Water Stress written by Jagbir Singh and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alterations of the Internal Water Relations in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Upon Exposure to Drought Stress written by Jeffrey James Melkonian and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Physiological Traits in Wheat Under Water Stress Condition written by Sukhada Shinde and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several morpho physiological traits are traditionally used as screening criteria for drought tolerance such as relative water content (RWC), stomatal index, water use efficiency (WUE) etc. Crop WUE can be improved by optimizing crop transpiration. Several workers have proposed carbon isotope discrimination (CID), ash content and canopy temperature depression (CTD) as selection criteria for transpiration efficiency (TE), which may serve as the surrogate measures for improvement in grain yield.To identify suitable physiological traits useful in wheat breeding under water stress environment is the major thrust area of present investigation. For this, Durum and aestivum genotypes were selected from the breeding material of ARI, Pune (MS, India).Experimental trials on Triticum durum were conducted under three different water regimes viz. residual soil moisture stress (RSMS), post anthesis water stress (PAWS) as limited irrigation (LI) and well watered (WW) conditions.Data were collected for agronomical and physiological characters. Soil water balance model 'BUDGET' (Raes et.al. 2006) has been used for deriving WUE using meteorological, rainfall and irrigation data of (2004-05)and(2006)
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analyses of the Effects of Water Nitrogen and Weather on Growth Grain Yield Biomass Production and Light Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Francisco Mojarro and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
