Download or read book A Macroinvertebrate Community Index of Water Quality for Stony Streams written by John Douglas Stark and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Quality Indices written by Tabassum Abbasi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-03-10 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers water quality indices (WQI) in depth – it describes what purpose they serve, how they are generated, what are their strengths and weaknesses, and how to make the best use of them. It is a concise and unique guide to WQIs for chemists, chemical/environmental engineers and government officials. Whereas it is easy to express the quantity of water, it is very difficult to express its quality because a large number of variables determine the water quality. WQIs seek to resolve the difficulty by translating a set of a large number of variables to a one-digit or a two-digit numeral. They are essential in communicating the status of different water resources in terms of water quality and the impact of various factors on it to policy makers, service personnel, and the lay public. Further they are exceedingly useful in the monitoring and management of water quality. With the importance of water and water quality increasing exponentially, the importance of this topic is also set to increase enormously because only with the use of indices is it possible to assess, express, communicate, and monitor the overall quality of any water source. - Provides a concise guide to WQIs: their purpose and generation - Compares existing methods and WQIs and outlines strengths and weaknesses - Makes recommendations on how the indices should be used and under what circumstances they apply
Download or read book Impact of Habitat and Water Quality on the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community in a Multi stressed Urban Stream written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macroinvertebrates in urban streams in Ohio are potentially compromised by habitat loss, by the annual peak discharge event, and by degraded water quality. The Mill Creek in Southwest Ohio is a significantly channelized river that collects storm water runoff, wastewater treatment plant effluent, permitted dischargers, sanitary sewers, and combined sewers. Channelization areas have had 12-40 years to re-grow. Most of the riparian zone, although narrow, is lined with trees that shade the channel. The result is eutrophication by nutrient loading, some toxic chemical spills, and habitat simplification. This study was designed to show the relative impacts of habitat and water quality on the macroinvertebrate community in a multi-stressed urban stream. Possible limiting factors were quantified and evaluated along the main-stem of the Mill Creek and related to the macroinvertebrates five times over the summer of 2000. The habitat was characterized using the Ohio EPA's QHEI, the estimated peak flow, and pebble counts. Water quality was quantified by the nutrient concentrations found. Both habitat and water parameters were compared to macroinvertebrate density, taxa richness, and the calculated metric, invertebrate community index. Data was collected for base flow in the summer and autumn of 2000-2001. The QHEI and the ICI were linearly related over transects done in four non-consecutive years within a decade. Multiple regression showed several habitat variables correlated to taxa richness. ANOVA identified average species richness was significantly impacted by both water quality and habitat variables. A non-parametric method (detrended canonical correspondence analysis) separated the determinants for invertebrate communities along a nutrient (19.1% of variance) and habitat axis (11.1% of variance).
Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by Sharon E. Kroening and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Stream Quality Using Biological Indices at Selected Sites in the Schuylkill River Basin Chester County Pennsylvania 1981 97 written by Andrew G. Reif and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Mountain Watersheds written by Josef Krecek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to address the interdisciplinary targets of watershed management in mountain regions based on the current knowledge of the subject. The focus of the book is particularly on monitoring, research, and modelling the interactions between the climate, water cycle, and aquatic ecosystem. The issues of watershed management in mountain regions in different parts of Europe, Africa, America and Asia have been the central theme of the book, which is basically divided into five sections: Institutional aspects in control of mountain regions; Stream-flow processes in mountain catchments; Water chemistry and biota in mountain streams and lakes; Effects of forest practices and climate change on hydrological phenomena; and Soil conservation and control of floods and landslides. The contributions have been peer-reviewed and the interdisciplinary team of authors includes experts from the specialised areas of geography, hydrology, chemistry, biology, forestry, ecology, economy and sociology. The practical applications and management strategies mentioned in the book, deal with the integrated resource management approach, based on the compromise between the development, conservation/ protection of the nature. Finally, the socio-economic and cultural aspects, and ecosystem prevalent in a mountain catchment are discussed in detail.
Download or read book Ecological Indicators for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Assessment written by João Carlos Marques and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological indicators address ecosystems structure and/or function and are commonly used to provide synoptic information about their state. Through quantitative representations of either the forces that steer ecosystems, responses to forcing functions, or of previous, current, or future states of an ecosystem, indicators are expected to reveal conditions and trends that will help in development planning and decision making processes. Ecological indicators combine numerous environmental factors in a single value, which may be useful in terms of management and in the development of ecological concepts, compliant with the general public's understanding. Nevertheless, their application is not exempt of criticisms, the first of which is that aggregation results in an oversimplification of the ecosystem under observation. Ecological indicators must therefore be handled following the right criteria and in situations that are consistent with its intended use and scope; otherwise they may drive to confusing interpretations of data.
Download or read book Wetlands Ecology written by Susanta Kumar Chakraborty and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-11 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses current knowledge and challenges with the ecological management and conservation of wetlands, with a focus on the East Kolkata Wetlands of India. This area is referred to as a Ramsar Site, a designation given to areas with special protection statuses, since it is the largest natural waste recycling system in the world. The site faces many threats to its biodiversity and ecosystem functioning due to anthropogenic activity in the region, and therefore an assessment of the ecosystem services, bio-ecological uniqueness, and issues stemming from climate change and human impacts is needed to develop protection strategies for the future ecological functioning and sustainability of the wetlands. The authors use GIS and remote sensing techniques to assess and monitor harmful industrial and environmental impacts on the wetlands, and to inform mitigation and conservation strategies in the face of ongoing threats such as pollution, habitat destruction and bioinvasion. The book also highlights various social and economic aspects tied to the functioning and management of the wetlands, along with ecological, biological, and physio-chemical considerations. The study will be of use to students and researchers in aquatic ecology, biodiversity, and environmental sustainability and conservation, as well as to environmental planners, engineers, and policymakers.
Download or read book Food Webs written by John C. Moore and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new approaches to studying food webs, using practical and policy examples to demonstrate the theory behind ecosystem management decisions.
Download or read book Using Comparisons of Macroinvertebrate Communities and Nutrient Concentrations as Water Quality Indicators in Two Rural Streams written by Dawn Connell and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Quality and Quantitative Macroinvertebrate Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Use of Macroinvertebrate Subsamples and Family Level Identification to Assess Environmental Impacts on Streams written by Elizabeth Marie Chase and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The species richness and diversity of pollution tolerant and intolerant macroinvertebrates provide an important tool to assess environmental impacts on streams. This study determined the efficacy of subsampling and family level identification in assessing water quality community structure and the biological health of the system. Fifty replicates of 100-, 300-, 500- 800- and 1000- organism subsamples were modeled using computer simulations based on actual Hess samples containing 1247 organisms (South Fork Boulder Creek) (SFB1) and 1234 organisms (California Creek). Ten replicates of California Creek were also handpicked to determine if there was bias in the computer model. Both handpicked and computer modeling gave similar results. South Fork Boulder 2 (SFB2) (2982 organisms) and South Fork Boulder 3 (SFB3) (4239 organisms) were also compared using the same computer modeling technique. Subsamples were compared using Hilsenhoffs species Biotic Index (HBI) and Family Biotic Index (FBI), taxa richness, feeding guild and taxa composition, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) to Chironomidae ratio, EPT index, Shannon's diversity index and evenness, community loss index, %dominant taxon, and the EPA's Biotic Condition Score (%similarity to reference stream). HBI and FBI rated all subsample sizes the same: California Creek rated 2.45 and 4.16 (good); South Fork Boulder 1 rated 2.68 and 5.30 (fair), South Fork Boulder 2 rated 2.61 and 4.97 (fair), and South Fork Boulder 3 rated 2.63 and 5.0 (fair). Taxa richness (family and species) was significantly different at 100-organism subsamples in all streams and was also significantly different at the 300- organism level in the larger samples (SFB2 & 3). The ratio of shredders to total numbers remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and all streams. The ratio of scrapers to filtering feeders differed among streams, however the groups were either under- or over-represented in all of the SFB's; California Creek had no filterers. EPT/Chironomidae ratio remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and streams. The EPT index (family and species) was significantly different at 100-organism samples in all streams and was also significantly different at the 300-organism level in the larger samples (SFB2 & 3). Shannon's diversity index remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and streams. Shannon's evenness measure rated all 100-organism subsamples as more similar than they actually were. The community loss index indicated there were significant differences in community structure at 100- and 300- organism subsamples for California Creek and SFB1 and also at 500-organism level in SFB2 and SFB3. %dominant taxon remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and all streams at both family and species level. EPA's Biotic Condition Score (%similarity) indicated that at the 100-organism species level, all streams showed slight impairment and SFB1, SFB2 and SFB3 were also slightly impaired at the 300-organism level. In addition, SFB2 and SFB3 showed impairment at higher levels (SFB2 to 800- and SFB3 to 1000- organisms). Using the family BCS, California creek was not impaired at any level, SFB1 showed slight impairment at 100-organism level and SFB2 and SFB3 showed impairment at 100- and 300-organisms. This study indicates that family level metrics and indices give results similar to species level metrics and that subsampling at the 300-organism level could also be utilized. Using family level metrics and 300-organism subsamples would save considerable time, money and energy, which could be better utilized in more in-depth studies and better stream management"--Document.
Download or read book Water Quality Assessments written by Deborah V Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-08-22 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook, now thoroughly updated and revised in its second edition, gives comprehensive advice on the designing and setting up of monitoring programmes for the purpose of providing valid data for water quality assessments in all types of freshwater bodies. It is clearly and concisely written in order to provide the essential information for all agencies and individuals responsible for the water quality.
Download or read book Managing Urban Rivers written by Victor R. Shinde and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-23 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing Urban Rivers: From Planning to Practice captures the different facets of river management required for integrating rivers within the development landscape of cities in a sustainable manner. Sections cover the entire spectrum of urban river management, from planning to actual on-the-ground implementation, providing a one-stop destination for knowledge on urban river management. Edited by a team of four experts with practical experience in this domain, the different chapters of the book are authored by eminent scholars and practitioners with expertise in specific areas of urban river management. Urban rivers and their management is a hot topic as governments across the world are focusing on this aspect, especially since it has direct implications for SDG target 6.6, which aims to "protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes. - Presents practical, global case studies in almost every chapter - Provides recommendations for best practices, based on lessons from different successful case studies, as well as the expert insights of the authors - Features contributions from global experts for a unique and specialized approach to the topic of urban rivers
Download or read book Riverine Ecosystem Management written by Stefan Schmutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key threats are identified, and effective solutions for restoration and mitigation are provided. Rivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. They increasingly suffer from pollution, water abstraction, river channelisation and damming. Fundamental knowledge of ecosystem structure and function is necessary to understand how human acitivities interfere with natural processes and which interventions are feasible to rectify this. Modern water legislation strives for sustainable water resource management and protection of important habitats and species. However, decision makers would benefit from more profound understanding of ecosystem degradation processes and of innovative methodologies and tools for efficient mitigation and restoration. The book provides best-practice examples of sustainable river management from on-site studies, European-wide analyses and case studies from other parts of the world. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of aquatic ecology, river system functioning, conservation and restoration, to postgraduate students, to institutions involved in water management, and to water related industries.
Download or read book Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems written by P. Sam Lake and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Droughts are a major hazard to both natural and human-dominated environments and those, especially of long duration and high intensity, can be highly damaging and leave long-lasting effects. This book describes the climatic conditions that give rise to droughts, and their various forms and chief attributes. Past droughts are described including those that had severe impacts on human societies. As a disturbance, droughts can be thought of as “ramps” in that they usually build slowly and take time to become evident. As precipitation is reduced, flows from catchments into aquatic systems decline. As water declines in water bodies, ecological processes are changed and the biota can be drastically reduced, though species and populations may survive by using refuges. Recovery from drought varies in both rates and in degrees of completeness and may be a function of both refuge availability and connectivity. For the first time, this book reviews the available rather scattered literature on the impacts of drought on the flora, fauna and ecological processes of aquatic ecosystems ranging from small ponds to lakes and from streams to estuaries. The effects of drought on the biota of standing waters and flowing waters and of temporary waters and perennial systems are described and compared. In addition, the ways in which human activity can exacerbate droughts are outlined. In many parts of the world especially in the mid latitudes, global warming may result in increases in the duration and intensity of droughts. Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems is essential reading for freshwater ecologists, water resource managers and advanced students.
Download or read book Stream Hydrology written by Nancy D. Gordon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition (1994) there have been rapid developments in the application of hydrology, geomorphology and ecology to stream management. In particular, growth has occurred in the areas of stream rehabilitation and the evaluation of environmental flow needs. The concept of stream health has been adopted as a way of assessing stream resources and setting management goals. Stream Hydrology: An Introduction for Ecologists Second Edition documents recent research and practice in these areas. Chapters provide information on sampling, field techniques, stream analysis, the hydrodynamics of moving water, channel form, sediment transport and commonly used statistical methods such as flow duration and flood frequency analysis. Methods are presented from engineering hydrology, fluvial geomorphology and hydraulics with examples of their biological implications. This book demonstrates how these fields are linked and utilised in modern, scientific river management. * Emphasis on applications, from collecting and analysing field measurements to using data and tools in stream management. * Updated to include new sections on environmental flows, rehabilitation, measuring stream health and stream classification. * Critical reviews of the successes and failures of implementation. * Revised and updated windows-based AQUAPAK software. This book is essential reading for 2nd/3rd year undergraduates and postgraduates of hydrology, stream ecology and fisheries science in Departments of Physical Geography, Biology, Environmental Science, Landscape Ecology, Environmental Engineering and Limnology. It would be valuable reading for professionals working in stream ecology, fisheries science and habitat management, environmental consultants and engineers.
