Download or read book A Linguistic Analysis of Sentence Stress written by A. J. Szwedek and published by Gunter Narr Verlag. This book was released on 1986 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Study of Word Stress and Accent written by Rob Goedemans and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the nature of stress and accent patterns in natural language using a diverse range of theories, methods and data.

Download or read book Aspects of English Sentence Stress written by Susan F. Schmerling and published by Univ of TX + ORM. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aspects of English Sentence Stress is written within the conceptual framework of generative-transformational grammar. However, it is atheoretical in the sense that the proposals made cannot be formulated in this theory and are a challenge to many other theories. The author's concern is not with the phonetic nature of stress; rather, using a working definition of stress as subjective impression of prominence, she attempts to formulate general principles that will predict the relative prominence of different words in particular utterances—what might be called the syntax of stress. She supports her arguments with a large amount of original data and provides the basis for new ways of thinking about this area of linguistic research. Schmerling begins with a detailed review and critique of Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle's approach to sentence stress; she shows that their cyclic analysis cannot be considered valid, even for quite simple phrases and sentences. Next, she reviews discussions of sentence stress by Joan Bresnan, George Lakoff, and Dwight Bolinger, agreeing with Bolinger's contention that there is no intimate connection between sentence stress and syntactic structure but showing that his counterproposal to the standard approach is inadequate as well. She also examines the concept of "normal stress" and demonstrates that no linguistically significant distinction can be drawn between "normal" and "special" stress contours. In generating her own proposals concerning sentence stress, Professor Schmerling takes the view that certain items which are stressable are taken for granted by the speaker and are eliminated from consideration by the principles governing relative prominence of words in a sentence. Then she examines the pragmatic and phonological principles pertaining to items that are not eliminated from consideration. Finally, the author contends that the standard views, which she shows to be untenable, are a result of the assumption that linguistic entities should be studied apart from questions concerning their use, in that it was adoption of this methodological assumption that forced linguists to deny the essentially pragmatic nature of sentence stress. Accessible to anyone who is familiar with the basic concepts of generative-transformational grammar, Aspects of English Sentence Stress presents provocative ideas in the field.

Download or read book Pragmatic Determinants of English Sentence Stress written by Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aspects of English Sentence Stress written by Susan F. Schmerling and published by Univ of TX + ORM. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aspects of English Sentence Stress is written within the conceptual framework of generative-transformational grammar. However, it is atheoretical in the sense that the proposals made cannot be formulated in this theory and are a challenge to many other theories. The author's concern is not with the phonetic nature of stress; rather, using a working definition of stress as subjective impression of prominence, she attempts to formulate general principles that will predict the relative prominence of different words in particular utterances—what might be called the syntax of stress. She supports her arguments with a large amount of original data and provides the basis for new ways of thinking about this area of linguistic research. Schmerling begins with a detailed review and critique of Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle's approach to sentence stress; she shows that their cyclic analysis cannot be considered valid, even for quite simple phrases and sentences. Next, she reviews discussions of sentence stress by Joan Bresnan, George Lakoff, and Dwight Bolinger, agreeing with Bolinger's contention that there is no intimate connection between sentence stress and syntactic structure but showing that his counterproposal to the standard approach is inadequate as well. She also examines the concept of "normal stress" and demonstrates that no linguistically significant distinction can be drawn between "normal" and "special" stress contours. In generating her own proposals concerning sentence stress, Professor Schmerling takes the view that certain items which are stressable are taken for granted by the speaker and are eliminated from consideration by the principles governing relative prominence of words in a sentence. Then she examines the pragmatic and phonological principles pertaining to items that are not eliminated from consideration. Finally, the author contends that the standard views, which she shows to be untenable, are a result of the assumption that linguistic entities should be studied apart from questions concerning their use, in that it was adoption of this methodological assumption that forced linguists to deny the essentially pragmatic nature of sentence stress. Accessible to anyone who is familiar with the basic concepts of generative-transformational grammar, Aspects of English Sentence Stress presents provocative ideas in the field.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody written by Carlos Gussenhoven and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 957 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook presents detailed accounts of current research in all aspects of language prosody, written by leading experts from different disciplines. The volume's comprehensive coverage and multidisciplinary approach will make it an invaluable resource for all researchers, students, and practitioners interested in prosody.

Download or read book Definiteness in a Language without Articles A Study on Polish written by Adrian Czardybon and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to investigate how definiteness is expressed in Polish, a language which is claimed to have no definite and in-definite articles. The central question is how the difference in definiteness is indicated between 'a woman' and 'the woman' in Polish. In English, the definite article 'the' and the indefinite article 'a' express the category of definiteness explicitly. Since definiteness is also relevant in articleless languages, there are other means to indicate that a nominal phrase is definite or indefinite. This study is delimited to four means for expressing definiteness in Polish, which are demonstratives, aspect, case alternation, and information structure. Each strategy is investigated independently from the others, although they interact in a complex way, which is shown at the end of this book resulting in a decision tree. Polish is not investigated in isolation, however, the study is complemented by comparisons with other Slavic languages and also with a Polish dialect called 'Upper Silesian', which differs from Polish. The analysis in this book is based on Lèobner's theory of 'Concept Types and Determination' (CTD). Lèobner's distinction of the four concept types (sortal, relational, functional, individual) is crucial since definiteness phenomena under discussion can be explained. Therefore, the interaction of the four concept types with the four definiteness strategies plays a central role in this book. This series explores issues of mental representation, linguistic structure and representation, and their interplay. The research presented in this series is grounded in the idea explored in the Collaborative Research Center 'The structure of representations in language, cognition and science' (SFB 991) that there is a universal format for the representation of linguistic and cognitive concepts.

Download or read book A Study of the Use of English Sentence Stress for the Comprehension of Meaning by Adult Second Language Learners written by Nancy McKinney Works and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Language Learning Discourse and Communication written by Weronika Szubko-Sitarek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together papers on a wide spectrum of topics within the broad area of language acquisition, stressing the interconnections between applied and theoretical linguistics, as well as language research methodology. These contributions in honor of Professor Jan Majer have been grouped in two sections: language learning, and discourse and communication. The former discusses issues varying from aspects of first, second, and third language acquisition, individual learner differences (i.e. gender, attitudes, learning strategies), and second language research methodology to the analysis of features of learner spoken language, the role of feedback in foreign language instruction, and the position of culture in EFL textbooks. The second part of the volume offers a theoretical counterbalance to the applied nature of the first one. Here, the contributions touch upon spoken and written language analysis, language awareness, and aspects of the English language; also, selected issues of language philosophy are discussed. The wide range of topics covered in the publication, authored by specialists in their respective areas, reflects Professor Majer’s academic interests and corresponds to the complex nature of the general field the volume aims to portray.

Download or read book Friendly Metaphors written by Ewa Wełnic and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of essays to celebrate 45 years of Professor Aleksander Szwedek's academic endeavour and his impressive contribution to the development of linguistics in Poland and abroad. The articles seek to represent an eclectic range of topics in linguistics, literature and cultural studies. They reflect the versatile and influential nature of Professor Szwedek's work, and have been contributed by colleagues and former pupils, now active in a variety of academic fields, within English studies. All have been inspired in various ways by the work and teaching of Aleksander Szwedek.

Download or read book Word Order Sentence Stress and Reference in English and Polish written by A. J. Szwedek and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mostly Medieval written by Piotr P. Chruszczewski and published by Æ Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-24 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vita mortuorum in memoria vivorum — volume 5 of the Beyond Language series is dedicated to the memory of Professor Jacek Fisiak, one of the titans in English historical linguistics in Poland and beyond. For over 40 years, he taught at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, where he established a stronghold of English studies in Europe. His efforts were appreciated with medals, awards, honorific titles, and mentoring positions amongst academic bodies. “The present In Memoriam volume undoubtedly counts among the all-encompassing and much-expected individual and collective acts of commemoration to recognize the authority of Professor Jacek Fisiak—the great scientist, the indefatigable Organizer, Manager and Mentor, relentless of any adversity or difficulty; the person whose countless contributions and merits in the history of Polish humanities – especially in the field of philological sciences and English studies in Poland – cannot be overestimated. […] On the one hand, the articles included in the volume yield a multidimensional testimony of the authors' scientific kinship with Professor Fisiak's broad scientific interests. On the other, they present a whole range of individual philological inquiries, starting from texts whose synthetic theoretical overtones prove the rich experience of their authors, through the articles of a more general nature, to prolegomena stimulating further in-depth scientific analyses. […]” (from the review by prof. Grzegorz Kleparski)_____TABLE OF CONTENTS_____Jacek Fisiak 1936–2019____ MENTOR in Academia: The Master in Title and Reality―by Joanna M. Esquibel____PART II. Old and Middle English Literature | Campbell’s “Art of Parallelism” in Old English Poetry: A Reappraisal―by Rory McTurk | The Question of Beowulf’s Relation to Fairy Tales Revisited―by Andrzej Wicher | Cornish Symptoms in the Old English Orosius―by Andrew Breeze | When a Lexical Borrowing Becomes an Ideological Tool: The Case of Saint Erkenwald―by Letizia Vezzosi | Medieval Multitasking: Hoccleve Translates Christine de Pizan and Imitates Chaucer, For Example his Binomials―by Hans Sauer | Mimetic Desires in Thomas Malory’s Le Morte Darthur―by Barbara Kowalik____PART III. Old and Middle English language and historical linguistics | Selected Elements of Language Change―by Aleksandra R. Knapik | For and Against Anglo-Frisian: The Linguistic Debate on the Matter―by Katarzyna Buczek | On Speech and Discourse Communities in the Viking Age―by Piotr P. Chruszczewski | East Anglia as an Old English and Middle English Dialect Area―by Peter Trudgill | Middle English Voiced Fricatives Revisited―by Piotr Gąsiorowski | From Where Did the Death of the English Inflection Come?―by Janusz Malak | On the Expansion of the Old Norse Root hap- in Middle English―by Rafał Molencki | So that in Clauses of Result and Purpose in Old English and Middle English―by Jerzy Nykie____PART IV. Adapting Earlier English for Modern Times | Adapting Shakespeare and Fletcher’s Drama for Theatre―by Magdalena Kizeweter, Anna Wojtyś | Medieval Modernism and the New Age Magazine: Creating Modernity While Turning to the Past―by Dominika Buchowska____PART V. Modern English, contrastive studies, and translation studies | Variation in the Use of the 3rd Person Singular Marker in American Private Letters from the mid-19th Century―by Radoslaw Dylewski, Magdalena Bator, Joanna Rabęda | The NAD Phonotactic Calculator: An Online Tool to Calculate Cluster Preferability Across Languages―by Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk, Dawid Pietrala | Event Construal in Some English Middle and Reflexive Constructions and Their Polish Counterparts―by Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk | Problems in Studying Loan-Translations―by Alicja Witalisz | When do nouns control sentence stress placement?―by Aleksander Szwedek____PART VI. Notes on Contributors | Index

Download or read book Topic and Focus in English and German Sentences A Cross Linguistic Analysis written by Patrick Wedekind and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, language: English, abstract: When semanticists examine the way speakers or writers code the knowledge they expect their listeners or readers to have in a sentence, one of the most important aspects to consider is the information structure of the sentence. Within this information structure, a subdivision is commonly made between already known or given information, which is usually referred to as the ‘topic’ of the sentence, and new information, normally called the ‘focus’. While some languages, for instance Somali, possess explicit focus markers to indicate the focalization of certain elements in a sentence, English has to rely mainly on the intonation of a sentence as the focus marker due to its rigid subject-verb-object (SVO) word order. German, on the other hand, provides a greater syntactic flexibility since it is a highly inflected language in which the grammatical function of words is less defined by their position within a sentence than their grammatical cases. Therefore, speakers of German do not have to rely solely on changing the intonation in order to mark a sentence’s focus, but may also use syntactic displacement as a focus marker. Nevertheless, syntactic changes to focalize certain elements in a sentence are also possible to a limited extent in English, but they require special constructions not necessary for focus marking in German. Since these differences in focus marking seem to be significant in light of the fact that both English and German are Germanic languages, they will constitute the main focus of this paper. I will begin my study of topic and focus in the two languages with an examination of the several strategies for focusing employed in spoken English and German and then continue with those strategies typically used in writing. In doing this, I take account of the limitation of some of these strategies to one of these two different forms of communication.

Download or read book Prague Linguistic Circle Papers written by Eva Haji?ová and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1995-12-21 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first one of the revived series of "Travaux," which was the well-known international book series of the classical Prague Linguistic Circle, published in the years 1929-39. The tradition of the Circle still attracts attention in broad circles of European and American linguistics. The first volume of the new series is divided into five sections: 1. Introductory papers characterizing the development of the Prague School in the recent decades; 2. Methodological issues of structural and functional linguistics; 3. Sentence structure; 4. Discourse patterns; 5. Theory of literature. In accordance with the tradition, the volume contains contributions concerning issues of principle, empirical linguistic studies, and also papers from the theory of literature.

Download or read book Studies in Brythonic Word Order written by James Fife and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1991-11-30 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Celtic languages are nominally VSO in basic word order, the languages of the Brythonic branch have exhibited striking synchronic and historical variations from the prototype. This volume comprises the very latest research in word order in Welsh, reton and Cornish from nine of the leading scholars in the field. The studies deal with historical, typological and descriptive issues from several approaches (including philological, functional and government and binding). The scope ranges over all the Brythonic languages, as well as the entire diachronic spectrum from the proto-language up to the most recent colloquial trends. The volume provides the expert with a collection of state-of-the-art research and the non-specialist with a comprehensive survey of the problems and debates in a language grouping fraught with intricate questions of word order and word order change.

Download or read book An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory written by Dominique Sportiche and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory offers beginning students a comprehensive overview of and introduction to our current understanding of the rules and principles that govern the syntax of natural languages. Includes numerous pedagogical features such as 'practice' boxes and sidebars, designed to facilitate understanding of both the 'hows' and the 'whys' of sentence structure Guides readers through syntactic and morphological structures in a progressive manner Takes the mystery out of one of the most crucial aspects of the workings of language – the principles and processes behind the structure of sentences Ideal for students with minimal knowledge of current syntactic research, it progresses in theoretical difficulty from basic ideas and theories to more complex and advanced, up to date concepts in syntactic theory

Download or read book Intelligibility Oral Communication and the Teaching of Pronunciation written by John M. Levis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An intelligibility-based approach to teaching that presents pronunciation as critical, yet neglected, in communicative language teaching.