Download or read book A Guide for Uncertainty Analysis in Dose and Risk Assessments Related to Environmental Contamination written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Guide for Uncertainty Analysis in Dose and Risk Assessments Related to Environmental Contamination written by and published by National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guide for Uncertainty Analysis in Dose and Risk Assessments Related to Environmental Contamination written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health written by Robert A. Fjeld and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-10-24 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: QUANTITATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ANALYSIS FOR HUMAN HEALTH An updated edition of the foundational guide to environmental risk analysis Environmental risk analysis is a systematic process essential for the evaluation, management, and communication of the human health risk posed by the release of contaminants to the environment. Performed correctly, risk analysis is an essential tool in the protection of the public from the health hazards posed by chemical and radioactive contaminants. Cultivating the quantitative skills required to perform risk analysis competently is a critical need. Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health meets this need with a thorough, comprehensive coverage of the fundamental knowledge necessary to assess environmental impacts on human health. It introduces readers to a robust methodology for analyzing environmental risk, as well as to the fundamental principles of uncertainty analysis and the pertinent environmental regulations. Now updated to reflect the latest research and new cutting-edge methodologies, this is an essential contribution to the practice of environmental risk analysis. Readers of the second edition of Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health will also find: Detailed treatment of source and release characterization, contaminant migration, exposure assessment, and more New coverage of computer-based analytical methods A new chapter of case studies providing actual, real-world examples of environmental risk assessments Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health is must-have for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in civil engineering, environmental engineering, and environmental science, as well as for risk analysis practitioners in industry, environmental consultants, and regulators.

Download or read book Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health written by Robert A. Fjeld and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A COMPREHENSIVE TEXTBOOK AND REFERENCE FOR QUANTITATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ANALYSIS FOR BOTH CHEMICAL AND RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS Environmental risk analysis is complex and interdisciplinary; this book explains the fundamental concepts and analytical methods in each essential discipline. With an emphasis on concepts and applications of quantitative tools plus coverage of analysis of both chemical and radioactive contaminants, this is a comprehensive resource. After an introduction and an overview of the basics of environmental modeling, the book covers key elements in environmental risk analysis methodology, including: Release assessment and source characterization Migration of contaminants in various media, including surface water, groundwater, the atmosphere, and the food chain Exposure assessment Basic human toxicology and dose-response Risk characterization, including dose-response modeling and analysis Risk management process and methods Risk communication and public participation This reference also relates risk analysis to current environmental laws and regulations. An ideal textbook for graduate students and upper-level undergraduates in various engineering and quantitative science disciplines, especially civil and environmental engineering, it is also a great reference for practitioners in industry, environmental consulting firms, and regulatory agencies.

Download or read book A Tribute to John Sloan Dickey written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Introductory Guide to Uncertainty Analysis in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To compensate for the potential for overly conservative estimates of risk using standard US Environmental Protection Agency methods, an uncertainty analysis should be performed as an integral part of each risk assessment. Uncertainty analyses allow one to obtain quantitative results in the form of confidence intervals that will aid in decision making and will provide guidance for the acquisition of additional data. To perform an uncertainty analysis, one must frequently rely on subjective judgment in the absence of data to estimate the range and a probability distribution describing the extent of uncertainty about a true but unknown value for each parameter of interest. This information is formulated from professional judgment based on an extensive review of literature, analysis of the data, and interviews with experts. Various analytical and numerical techniques are available to allow statistical propagation of the uncertainty in the model parameters to a statement of uncertainty in the risk to a potentially exposed individual. Although analytical methods may be straightforward for relatively simple models, they rapidly become complicated for more involved risk assessments. Because of the tedious efforts required to mathematically derive analytical approaches to propagate uncertainty in complicated risk assessments, numerical methods such as Monte Carlo simulation should be employed. The primary objective of this report is to provide an introductory guide for performing uncertainty analysis in risk assessments being performed for Superfund sites.

Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.

Download or read book An Introductory Guide to Uncertainty Analysis in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment written by F. Owen Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uncertainty and Data Quality in Exposure Assessment written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008-12 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment of human exposure to chemicals is a critical input to risk assessment and ultimately to decisions about control of chemicals. This two-part publication aims to improve the quality of information available to decision-makers and its communication. Part one sets out ten principles for characterizing and communicating uncertainty in exposure assessment. A tiered approach to the evaluation of uncertainties using both qualitative (simple) and quantitative (more complex) methods is described. Different sources of uncertainty are identified and guidance is provided on selecting the appropriate approach to uncertainty analysis as dictated by the objectives of the assessment and information needs of decision-makers and stakeholders. Part two addresses the quality of data used in exposure assessment and sets out four basic hallmarks of data quality - appropriateness accuracy integrity and transparency. These hallmarks provides a common vocabulary and set of qualitative criteria for use in the design evaluation and use of exposure assessments to support decisions. This publication is intended exposure assessors risk assessors and decision-makers.

Download or read book EPA 630 R written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quality Assurance of Exposure Models for Environmental Risk Assessment of Substances written by Stefan Schwartz and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2000 in the subject Mathematics - Applied Mathematics, grade: 1,0 (A), University of Osnabrück (Institute for Environmental System Research, Mathematics/Computer Science), language: English, abstract: Summary Environmental risk assessment of chemical substances in the European Union is based on a harmonised scheme. The required models and parameters are laid down in the Technical Guidance Document (TGD) and are implemented in the EUSES software. Although the results may have a considerable ecological and economic impact, guidance is rarely given on the applicability of the framework. To fill this gap, an evaluation study of the TGD exposure models was carried out. In particular, the models for estimating chemical intake by humans were investigated. These models, which are a key component in risk assessment, involve a quantification of human contact with environmental contamination in various media of exposure through various exposure pathways. The objective of this study was two-fold: firstly, to develop an evaluation methodology, since no appropriate approach is available in the scientific literature. Secondly, to elaborate applicability and limitations of the models and to provide proposals for their improvement. The principles of model evaluation in terms of quality assurance, model validation and software evaluation were elaborated and a suitable evaluation protocol for chemical risk assessment models was developed. Since scientific theories and the mathematical models embedded therein cannot be proved as true, a pragmatic meaning of validation is required, of which the primary purpose is to increase the level of confidence placed in the model. The accuracy of the model outcome is a necessary, but insufficient criterion for the quality assurance of models. A wider approach is required which examines the scientific inference that can be made about models with regard to their intended purpose. By reviewing the literature on the validation problem, it was found that all the facets of validation can be assigned to generic (internal) and task-specific (external) properties of a model. In this context, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses are essential to tackle the issues of uncertainty. Sensitivity analysis aims to ascertain how a given model depends upon the information fed into it. Uncertainty analysis aims to quantify the uncertainty regarding what comes out of the model. It was argued that targeted uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis, as a part of it, is capable of reducing critical uncertainties and represents an essential contribution for assuring the quality of a model. [...]

Download or read book Radiological Risk Assessment and Environmental Analysis written by John E. Till and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiological Risk Assessment and Environmental Analysis comprehensively explains methods used for estimating risk to people exposed to radioactive materials released to the environment by nuclear facilities or in an emergency such as a nuclear terrorist event. This is the first book that merges the diverse disciplines necessary for estimating where radioactive materials go in the environment and the risk they present to people. It is not only essential to managers and scientists, but is also a teaching text. The chapters are arranged to guide the reader through the risk assessment process, beginning with the source term (where the radioactive material comes from) and ending with the conversion to risk. In addition to presenting mathematical models used in risk assessment, data is included so the reader can perform the calculations. Each chapter also provides examples and working problems. The book will be a critical component of the rebirth of nuclear energy now taking place, as well as an essential resource to prepare for and respond to a nuclear emergency.

Download or read book Uncertainty in Environmental Health Risk Assessment written by Kenneth Bogen and published by Dissertations-G. This book was released on 1990 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Download or read book Uncertainty Modeling in Dose Response written by Roger M. Cooke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-20 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable guide to understanding the problem of quantifying uncertainty in dose response relations for toxic substances In today's scientific research, there exists the need to address the topic of uncertainty as it pertains to dose response modeling. Uncertainty Modeling in Dose Response is the first book of its kind to implement and compare different methods for quantifying the uncertainty in the probability of response, as a function of dose. This volume gathers leading researchers in the field to properly address the issue while communicating concepts from diverse viewpoints and incorporating valuable insights. The result is a collection that reveals the properties, strengths, and weaknesses that exist in the various approaches to bench test problems. This book works with four bench test problems that were taken from real bioassay data for hazardous substances currently under study by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The use of actual data provides readers with information that is relevant and representative of the current work being done in the field. Leading contributors from the toxicology and risk assessment communities have applied their methods to quantify model uncertainty in dose response for each case by employing various approaches, including Benchmark Dose Software methods, probabilistic inversion with isotonic regression, nonparametric Bayesian modeling, and Bayesian model averaging. Each chapter is reviewed and critiqued from three professional points of view: risk analyst/regulator, statistician/mathematician, and toxicologist/epidemiologist. In addition, all methodologies are worked out in detail, allowing readers to replicate these analyses and gain a thorough understanding of the methods. Uncertainty Modeling in Dose Response is an excellent book for courses on risk analysis and biostatistics at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It also serves as a valuable reference for risk assessment, toxicology, biostatistics, and environmental chemistry professionals who wish to expand their knowledge and expertise in statistical dose response modeling problems and approaches.

Download or read book A Practical Guide to Understanding Managing and Reviewing Environmental Risk Assessment Reports written by Sally L. Benjamin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-02-21 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Practical Guide to Understanding, Managing and Reviewing Environmental Risk Assessment Reports provides team leaders and team members with a strategy for developing the elements of risk assessment into a readable and beneficial report. The authors believe that successful management of the risk assessment team is a key factor is quality repor