Download or read book A General Poro elastic Model for Pad scale Fracturing of Horizontal Wells written by Ripudaman Manchanda and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic production of oil and gas from tight rocks requires horizontal well drilling with multiple hydraulic fractures along the length of the horizontal wells. Multiple horizontal wells are drilled and fractured close to each other to increase the recovery of oil and gas from a single location or pad. Interference between fractures in a horizontal well pad is commonly observed in the field. There is no clear understanding of the impact of various operational and reservoir parameters on the observed interference. This inter-well interference can occur through the creation of complex fracture networks and/or poro-elastic stress changes. In this research, the development of a poro-elastic numerical simulator was undertaken to evaluate hydraulic fracturing practices in pad-scale scenarios. The primary motivation was to assess the impact of various operational parameters such as fracture spacing, well spacing and fracture sequencing on the geometry of the created fractures. Two approaches were used to understand the problem at hand. In the first approach, static fractures were simulated in 3-D and the impact of their stress shadow on subsequent fractures was studied. It was observed that fracture spacing, injection volume, and time between successive fractures were the most important parameters that could be used to optimize the creation of fractures in a well. Formation properties such as Young’s modulus and horizontal stress contrast modified the magnitude and spatial extent of the stress shadow and the extent of stress reorientation. It was shown that stage spacing, well spacing and fracture sequencing together with fracture designs (volume of sand pumped and fluids used) can be adjusted to obtain non-intersecting, transverse fractures that efficiently drain the reservoir. A hypothesis, time dependent closure of induced unpropped fractures, was presented to explain why zipper fracturing often outperforms conventional sequential fracturing. The hypothesis was tested and confirmed with a field data set made available to us by Shell from the Eagle Ford shale. In the second approach, a novel finite volume based 3-D, geomechanical, field-scale numerical simulator was developed to simulate propagation of multiple fractures simultaneously in a poro-elastic reservoir. This provided a more realistic model of the pad-scale fracturing process. The ability of the model to perform realistic pad-scale simulations was demonstrated for a variety of field situations such as multi-cluster multi-stage fracturing, infill-well fracturing, re-fracturing, mini-frac analysis and fracture network simulations. The inclusion of poro-elastic effects and reservoir heterogeneity in the model allowed us to examine the effects of reservoir depletion on fracture geometry in refraced and infill wells.

Download or read book Hydraulic Fracture Modeling written by Yu-Shu Wu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Fracture Modeling delivers all the pertinent technology and solutions in one product to become the go-to source for petroleum and reservoir engineers. Providing tools and approaches, this multi-contributed reference presents current and upcoming developments for modeling rock fracturing including their limitations and problem-solving applications. Fractures are common in oil and gas reservoir formations, and with the ongoing increase in development of unconventional reservoirs, more petroleum engineers today need to know the latest technology surrounding hydraulic fracturing technology such as fracture rock modeling. There is tremendous research in the area but not all located in one place. Covering two types of modeling technologies, various effective fracturing approaches and model applications for fracturing, the book equips today’s petroleum engineer with an all-inclusive product to characterize and optimize today’s more complex reservoirs. Offers understanding of the details surrounding fracturing and fracture modeling technology, including theories and quantitative methods Provides academic and practical perspective from multiple contributors at the forefront of hydraulic fracturing and rock mechanics Provides today’s petroleum engineer with model validation tools backed by real-world case studies

Download or read book Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geomechanical and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Covering hydrocarbon-bearing formations, horizontal drilling, reservoir seismology and environmental impacts, this is an invaluable resource for geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers.

Download or read book Coupled Flow and Geomechanics Modeling for Fractured Poroelastic Reservoirs written by Gurpreet Singh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tight gas and shale oil play an important role in energy security and in meeting an increasing energy demand. Hydraulic fracturing is a widely used technology for recovering these resources. The design and evaluation of hydraulic fracture operation is critical for efficient production from tight gas and shale plays. The efficiency of fracturing jobs depends on the interaction between hydraulic (induced) and naturally occurring discrete fractures. In this work, a coupled reservoir-fracture flow model is described which accounts for varying reservoir geometries and complexities including non-planar fractures. Different flow models such as Darcy flow and Reynold's lubrication equation for fractures and reservoir, respectively are utilized to capture flow physics accurately. Furthermore, the geomechanics effects have been included by considering a multiphase Biot's model. An accurate modeling of solid deformations necessitates a better estimation of fluid pressure inside the fracture. The fractures and reservoir are modeled explicitly allowing accurate representation of contrasting physical descriptions associated with each of the two. The approach presented here is in contrast with existing averaging approaches such as dual and discrete-dual porosity models where the effects of fractures are averaged out. A fracture connected to an injection well shows significant width variations as compared to natural fractures where these changes are negligible. The capillary pressure contrast between the fracture and the reservoir is accounted for by utilizing different capillary pressure curves for the two features. Additionally, a quantitative assessment of hydraulic fracturing jobs relies upon accurate predictions of fracture growth during slick water injection for single and multistage fracturing scenarios. It is also important to consistently model the underlying physical processes from hydraulic fracturing to long-term production. A recently introduced thermodynamically consistent phase-field approach for pressurized fractures in porous medium is utilized which captures several characteristic features of crack propagation such as joining, branching and non-planar propagation in heterogeneous porous media. The phase-field approach captures both the fracture-width evolution and the fracture-length propagation. In this work, the phase-field fracture propagation model is briefly discussed followed by a technique for coupling this to a fractured poroelastic reservoir simulator. We also present a general compositional formulation using multipoint flux mixed finite element (MFMFE) method on general hexahedral grids with a future prospect of treating energized fractures. The mixed finite element framework allows for local mass conservation, accurate flux approximation and a more general treatment of boundary conditions. The multipoint flux inherent in MFMFE scheme allows the usage of a full permeability tensor. An accurate treatment of diffusive/dispersive fluxes owing to additional velocity degrees of freedom is also presented. The applications areas of interest include gas flooding, CO2 sequestration, contaminant removal and groundwater remediation.

Download or read book Poroelastic and Poroplastic Modeling of Hydraulic Fracturing written by HanYi Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is essential to predict the behavior of hydraulic fractures accurately based on the understanding of fundamental mechanisms, governing process. The prevailing approach for hydraulic fracture modeling relies on Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) that gives reasonable predictions for hard rock hydraulic fracturing, but often fails to give accurate predictions of fracture geometry and propagation pressure in soft/unconsolidated formation. The reasons are that the fracture process zone ahead of the crack tip, elasto-plastic material behavior and strong coupling between flow and stress cannot be neglected in these formations. In this study, we developed a fully coupled poroelastic and poroplastic hydraulic fracturing model with cohesive zone method. The impact of formation plastic properties on fracture process is investigated. The results indicate that formation plastic behavior can have a great impact on fracture net pressure and geometry, especially when the plastic deformation area is large.

Download or read book Multi phase Production written by A. P. Burns and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.

Download or read book Introduction to Permanent Plug and Abandonment of Wells written by Mahmoud Khalifeh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-27 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers a timely guide to challenges and current practices to permanently plug and abandon hydrocarbon wells. With a focus on offshore North Sea, it analyzes the process of plug and abandonment of hydrocarbon wells through the establishment of permanent well barriers. It provides the reader with extensive knowledge on the type of barriers, their functioning and verification. It then discusses plug and abandonment methodologies, analyzing different types of permanent plugging materials. Last, it describes some tests for verifying the integrity and functionality of installed permanent barriers. The book offers a comprehensive reference guide to well plugging and abandonment (P&A) and well integrity testing. The book also presents new technologies that have been proposed to be used in plugging and abandoning of wells, which might be game-changing technologies, but they are still in laboratory or testing level. Given its scope, it addresses students and researchers in both academia and industry. It also provides information for engineers who work in petroleum industry and should be familiarized with P&A of hydrocarbon wells to reduce the time of P&A by considering it during well planning and construction.

Download or read book Applied Petroleum Geomechanics written by Jon Jincai Zhang and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Petroleum Geomechanics provides a bridge between theory and practice as a daily use reference that contains direct industry applications. Going beyond the basic fundamentals of rock properties, this guide covers critical field and lab tests, along with interpretations from actual drilling operations and worldwide case studies, including abnormal formation pressures from many major petroleum basins. Rounding out with borehole stability solutions and the geomechanics surrounding hydraulic fracturing and unconventional reservoirs, this comprehensive resource gives petroleum engineers a much-needed guide on how to tackle today’s advanced oil and gas operations. Presents methods in formation evaluation and the most recent advancements in the area, including tools, techniques and success stories Bridges the gap between theory of rock mechanics and practical oil and gas applications Helps readers understand pore pressure calculations and predictions that are critical to shale and hydraulic activity

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 3rd International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2019). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.

Download or read book Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs written by Ronald Nelson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-08-24 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geologists, engineers, and petrophysicists concerned with hydrocarbon production from naturally fractured reservoirs will find this book a valuable tool for obtaining pertinent rock data to evaluate reserves and optimize well location and performance. Nelson emphasizes geological, petrophysical, and rock mechanics to complement other studies of the subject that use well logging and classical engineering approaches. This well organized, updated edition contains a wealth of field and laboratory data, case histories, and practical advice. A great how-to-guide for anyone working with fractured or highly anisotropic reservoirs Provides real-life illustrations through case histories and field and laboratory data

Download or read book Hydraulic Fracture Mechanics written by Peter Valkó and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores the theoretical background of one of the most widespread activities in hydrocarbon wells, that of hydraulic fracturing. A comprehensive treatment of the basic phenomena includes: linear elasticity, stresses, fracture geometry and rheology. The diverse concepts of mechanics are integrated into a coherent description of hydraulic fracture propagation. The chapters in the book are cross-referenced throughout and the connections between the various phenomena are emphasized. The book offers readers a unique approach to the subject with the use of many numerical examples.

Download or read book Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology written by Herbert F. Wang and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of linear poroelasticity describes the interaction between mechanical effects and adding or removing fluid from rock. It is critical to the study of such geological phenomena as earthquakes and landslides and is important for numerous engineering projects, including dams, groundwater withdrawal, and petroleum extraction. Now an advanced text synthesizes in one place, with one notation, numerous classical solutions and applications of this highly useful theory. The introductory chapter recounts parallel developments in geomechanics, hydrogeology, and reservoir engineering that are unified by the tenets of poroelasticity. Next, the theory's constitutive and governing equations and their associated material parameters are described. These equations are then specialized for different simplifying geometries: unbounded problem domains, uniaxial strain, plane strain, radial symmetry, and axisymmetry. Example problems from geomechanics, hydrogeology, and petroleum engineering are incorporated throughout to illustrate poroelastic behavior and solution methods for a wide variety of real-world scenarios. The final chapter provides outlines for finite-element and boundary-element formulations of the field's governing equations. Whether read as a course of study or consulted as a reference by researchers and professionals, this volume's user-friendly presentation makes accessible one of geophysics' most important subjects and will do much to reduce poroelasticity's reputation as difficult to master.

Download or read book Reservoir Characterization written by Larry Lake and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir Characterization is a collection of papers presented at the Reservoir Characterization Technical Conference, held at the Westin Hotel-Galleria in Dallas on April 29-May 1, 1985. Conference held April 29-May 1, 1985, at the Westin Hotel—Galleria in Dallas. The conference was sponsored by the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research, Bartlesville, Oklahoma. Reservoir characterization is a process for quantitatively assigning reservoir properties, recognizing geologic information and uncertainties in spatial variability. This book contains 19 chapters, and begins with the geological characterization of sandstone reservoir, followed by the geological prediction of shale distribution within the Prudhoe Bay field. The subsequent chapters are devoted to determination of reservoir properties, such as porosity, mineral occurrence, and permeability variation estimation. The discussion then shifts to the utility of a Bayesian-type formalism to delineate qualitative ""soft"" information and expert interpretation of reservoir description data. This topic is followed by papers concerning reservoir simulation, parameter assignment, and method of calculation of wetting phase relative permeability. This text also deals with the role of discontinuous vertical flow barriers in reservoir engineering. The last chapters focus on the effect of reservoir heterogeneity on oil reservoir. Petroleum engineers, scientists, and researchers will find this book of great value.

Download or read book Well Completion Design written by Jonathan Bellarby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completions are the conduit between hydrocarbon reservoirs and surface facilities. They are a fundamental part of any hydrocarbon field development project. The have to be designed for safely maximising the hydrocarbon recovery from the well and may have to last for many years under ever changing conditions. Issues include: connection with the reservoir rock, avoiding sand production, selecting the correct interval, pumps and other forms of artificial lift, safety and integrity, equipment selection and installation and future well interventions. Course book based on course well completion design by TRACS International Unique in its field: Coverage of offshore, subsea, and landbased completions in all of the major hydrocarbon basins of the world Full colour

Download or read book Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics written by Erling Fjær and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-01-04 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers and geologists in the petroleum industry will find Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics, 2e, a powerful resource in providing a basis of rock mechanical knowledge - a knowledge which can greatly assist in the understanding of field behavior, design of test programs and the design of field operations. Not only does this text give an introduction to applications of rock mechanics within the petroleum industry, it has a strong focus on basics, drilling, production and reservoir engineering. Assessment of rock mechanical parameters is covered in depth, as is acoustic wave propagation in rocks, with possible link to 4D seismics as well as log interpretation. Learn the basic principles behind rock mechanics from leading academic and industry experts Quick reference and guide for engineers and geologists working in the field Keep informed and up to date on all the latest methods and fundamental concepts

Download or read book Sand Control in Well Construction and Operation written by Davorin Matanovic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Produced sand causes a lot of problems. From that reasons sand production must be monitored and kept within acceptable limits. Sand control problems in wells result from improper completion techniques or changes in reservoir properties. The idea is to provide support to the formation to prevent movement under stresses resulting from fluid flow from reservoir to well bore. That means that sand control often result with reduced well production. Control of sand production is achieved by: reducing drag forces (the cheapest and most effective method), mechanical sand bridging (screens, gravel packs) and increasing of formation strength (chemical consolidation). For open hole completions or with un-cemented slotted liners/screens sand failure will occur and must be predicted. Main problem is plugging. To combat well failures due to plugging and sand breakthrough Water-Packing or Shunt-Packing are used.