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Book Marine Fouling and Underwater Hull Cleaning in San Diego Bay

Download or read book Marine Fouling and Underwater Hull Cleaning in San Diego Bay written by Loren Page Locke and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book A Study of Hull fouling and Corrosion in San Diego Bay

Download or read book A Study of Hull fouling and Corrosion in San Diego Bay written by United States. Maritime Administration and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Economic Valuation of Natural Resources

Download or read book Economic Valuation of Natural Resources written by Douglas W. Lipton and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Effects of Copper based Antifouling Paints on Water Quality in Recreational Boat Marinas in San Diego and Mission Bays

Download or read book The Effects of Copper based Antifouling Paints on Water Quality in Recreational Boat Marinas in San Diego and Mission Bays written by Timothy N. McPherson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book San Diego Bay

Download or read book San Diego Bay written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Managing Hull Borne Invasive Species and Coastal Water Quality for California Managing Hull Borne Invasive Species and Coastal Water Quality for California

Download or read book Managing Hull Borne Invasive Species and Coastal Water Quality for California Managing Hull Borne Invasive Species and Coastal Water Quality for California written by Leigh Johnson and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fouling occurs when marine microbes, plants, and animals, and/or their spores and larvae attach and grow on the hull of a boat or ship. If they survive the trip to a distant harbor, they may spawn, release spores, or be removed and discarded there. If they succeed in the new area, they may create problems.

Book Final Report of the Marina and Recreational Boating Technical Advisory Committee

Download or read book Final Report of the Marina and Recreational Boating Technical Advisory Committee written by California. Marina and Recreational Boating Technical Advisory Committee and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Characteristics and Treatment of Wastewater Generated During Underwater Hull Cleaning Operations of U S Navy Ships

Download or read book Characteristics and Treatment of Wastewater Generated During Underwater Hull Cleaning Operations of U S Navy Ships written by Donna J. Forbes and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 15 years the U.S Navy has been using an underwater diver-operated brush mechanism to clean marine fouling on ship hulls. During this operation, it has been shown that 1 to 2 mils of antifouling paint (which is 40-50 percent cuprous oxide by weight) are removed, resulting in the discharge of up to 1300 pounds of copper into the surrounding surface waters. This paper reviewed and summarized the recent studies which have been conducted relating to hull cleaning. Among other things, the studies measured dissolved copper in the wastewater ranging from 0.13 mg/L to 4.3 mg/L. These values exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency water quality criterion of 2.9 micro g/L for dissolved copper. Nevertheless, one study even concluded that hull cleaning wastewater may not be toxic to microalgae in the surface waters because the measured dissolved copper concentrations during hull cleanings were lower than the observed IC50 values for the microalgae. Calculations determined the approximate amount of waste that would be generated and the concentration of copper in the waste. From these estimates, four treatment technologies were discussed as possible alternatives for treatment of the wastewater containing antifouling paint: ion exchange, dissolved air flotation, crossflow microfiltration, and living and non-living biological treatment systems. In addition, an economic analysis was undertaken to compare three levels of treatment: off-site treatment by a commercial facility, on-site treatment to meet minimum sanitary sewer discharge limits using a dissolved air flotation system, and on-site treatment to meet minimum surface water limits using crossflow microfiltration and ion exchange.

Book Characteristics and Treatment of Wastewater Generated During Underwater Hull Cleaning Operations of U S Navy Ships

Download or read book Characteristics and Treatment of Wastewater Generated During Underwater Hull Cleaning Operations of U S Navy Ships written by Donna J. Forbes and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 15 years the U.S Navy has been using an underwater diver-operated brush mechanism to clean marine fouling on ship hulls. During this operation, it has been shown that 1 to 2 mils of antifouling paint (which is 40-50 percent cuprous oxide by weight) are removed, resulting in the discharge of up to 1300 pounds of copper into the surrounding surface waters. This paper reviewed and summarized the recent studies which have been conducted relating to hull cleaning. Among other things, the studies measured dissolved copper in the wastewater ranging from 0.13 mg/L to 4.3 mg/L. These values exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency water quality criterion of 2.9 micro g/L for dissolved copper. Nevertheless, one study even concluded that hull cleaning wastewater may not be toxic to microalgae in the surface waters because the measured dissolved copper concentrations during hull cleanings were lower than the observed IC50 values for the microalgae. Calculations determined the approximate amount of waste that would be generated and the concentration of copper in the waste. From these estimates, four treatment technologies were discussed as possible alternatives for treatment of the wastewater containing antifouling paint: ion exchange, dissolved air flotation, crossflow microfiltration, and living and non-living biological treatment systems. In addition, an economic analysis was undertaken to compare three levels of treatment: off-site treatment by a commercial facility, on-site treatment to meet minimum sanitary sewer discharge limits using a dissolved air flotation system, and on-site treatment to meet minimum surface water limits using crossflow microfiltration and ion exchange.

Book Staying Afloat with Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies for Boats

Download or read book Staying Afloat with Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies for Boats written by Leigh Taylor Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Environmental effects from in water hull cleaning of ablative copper antifouling coatings

Download or read book Environmental effects from in water hull cleaning of ablative copper antifouling coatings written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This field study evaluates the magnitude of environmental effects attributable to in-water hull cleaning operations in a typical Navy harbor. San Diego Bay was selected for detailed analyses of vessels coated with copper-based antifouling paint. This evaluation can be used to support discussions with environmental regulators, strengthen future compliance strategies, and provide a framework for future monitoring studies. Antifouling coating, Ablative copper, Hull husbandry, Marine biology, Hazardous waste.

Book What You Need to Know about Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies for Boats

Download or read book What You Need to Know about Nontoxic Antifouling Strategies for Boats written by Leigh Taylor Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This booklet is a comprehensive overview of anti-fouling strategies for small boat owners. Every boat owner knows that fouling growth, such as algae, barnacles, mussels and worms, can slow sail boats and increase fuel consumption for power boats. Many anti-fouling paints, however, contain copper that ends up contaminating coastal waters. A number of effective alternatives such as frequent hull cleaning and the use of nontoxic bottom coatings (a variety of which are described here in detail) can help reduce pollution. Included is a list of products with manufacturer comments"--National Sea Grant Library publication website.