Download or read book A Dual mode Wide band CMOS Oscillator for Millimeter wave Applications written by Shatam Agarwal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadband voltage-controlled oscillators are critical to the design of millimeter wave frequency synthesizers. This thesis proposes a design technique that can be used to significantly extend the achievable frequency span of an oscillator. A dual-band oscillator topology is described that can be configured to operate in one of two modes, by an electrical reconfiguration of the negative resistance core around the resonant tank, without switching passive elements within the tank itself. The configuration helps to minimize the difference in phase noise performance between the two modes, while achieving a wide tuning range. To verify the concept, a mm-wave VCO that operates at 30-GHz is designed in a commercial 0.18-um CMOS technology, with an approximate simulated tuning range of 20%. A dual-mode oscillator is also designed in a 0.13-um technology at 60-GHz.

Download or read book Application of Dual Mode Wide Band CMOS Oscillators written by Abdolhossein Ayoubi and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadband voltage-controlled oscillators are critical to the design of millimeter wave frequency synthesizers. This book proposes a design technique that can be used to significantly extend the achievable frequency span of an oscillator. A dual-band oscillator topology is described that can be configured to operate in one of two modes, by an electrical reconfiguration of the negative resistance core around the resonant tank, without switching passive elements within the tank itself. The configuration helps to minimize the difference in phase noise performance between the two modes, while achieving a wide tuning range. This book includes five chapters and through these chapters the necessary information for designing millimeter wave frequency synthesizers are provided for the readers.

Download or read book A Dual Mode Wide Band Cmos Oscillator written by Shatam Agarwal and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadband voltage-controlled oscillators are critical to the design of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency synthesizers. This thesis proposes a design technique that can be used to significantly extend the achievable frequency span of an oscillator. A dual-band oscillator topology is described that can be configured to operate in one of two modes, by an electrical reconfiguration of the negative resistance core around the resonant tank, without switching passive elements within the tank itself. The configuration helps to minimize the difference in phase noise performance between the two modes, while achieving a wide tuning range. To verify the concept, an mm-wave VCO that operates at 30 GHz is designed in a commercial 0.18-um CMOS technology, with an approximate simulated tuning range of 20%. A dual-mode oscillator is also designed in 0.13-um CMOS technology at 60 GHz.

Download or read book Reconfigurable Dual mode Voltage controlled Oscillator and Wideband Frequency Synthesizer for Millimeter wave Applications written by Cheng-Hsien Hung and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demands for high data-rate communications and high-precision sensing applications have pushed wireless systems towards higher operating frequencies where wider bandwidth is available. Examples of such applications include 60 GHz indoor communications and vehicular RADAR around 77 GHz. High-speed frequency synthesizers integrated in a CMOS process, with wide operating bandwidth, and low phase noise are key to low-cost transceiver implementations for such applications. The requirement to operate over a wide span of carrier frequencies arises from two key sources. The system itself often requires a wide tuning range, in excess of 5-10% of the carrier frequency. Further, it is necessary to compensate for the uncertainty in operating frequencies, caused by process and temperature variations. This dissertation introduces a dual-mode voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) topology, embedded in a frequency synthesizer, for wideband operation. The VCO can operate in two oscillation modes by reconfiguring the active negative resistance core around the LC tank that is employed as the resonator element in the oscillator. A key aspect to the design is that the switches used for mode reconfiguration do not contribute to the tank loss. The frequency spacing of the two modes is determined by an accurate inductor ratio. It is demonstrated through analysis that in order to ensure mode-switching, the size of the switches needs be larger than a critical value, which is a function of the electrical properties of the cross-coupled, negative resistance core, as well as the resonator used in the design. The impact of noise injection and mismatch on switching behavior is also analyzed. The VCO topology has been implemented in a 65nm CMOS process. The design demonstrates measured tuning ranges of 56.9 GHz to 65.4 GHz, and 64.6 GHz to 75.3 GHz, in the two respective modes, for a total effective tuning range of 28%. The oscillator consumes 13 mW, with a 1 V-supply, and its Figure of Merit with tuning range (FOM[subscript T]) is -177.2 dB. An integer-N frequency synthesizer that employs the dual-mode VCO, has also been designed and verified in a 65 nm CMOS process. The synthesizer has a locking range from 56 GHz to 63.9 GHz in its low frequency mode. The total power consumption of the synthesizer, including output buffers, is approximately 50 mW. The in-band phase noise, at a locked frequency of 63.04 GHz, is -88.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset.

Download or read book Millimeter Wave Digitally Intensive Frequency Generation in CMOS written by Wanghua Wu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the digitally intensive time-domain architectures and techniques applied to millimeter-wave frequency synthesis, with the objective of improving performance and reducing the cost of implementation. Coverage includes system architecture, system level modeling, critical building block design, and digital calibration techniques, making it highly suitable for those who want to learn about mm-wave frequency generation for communication and radar applications, integrated circuit implementation, and time-domain circuit and system techniques. Highlights the challenges of frequency synthesis at mm-wave band using CMOS technology Compares the various approaches for mm-wave frequency generation (pros and cons) Introduces the digitally intensive synthesizer approach and its advantages Discusses the proper partitioning of the digitally intensive mm-wave frequency synthesizer into mm-wave, RF, analog, digital and software components Provides detailed design techniques from system level to circuit level Addresses system modeling, simulation techniques, design-for-test, and layout issues Demonstrates the use of time-domain techniques for high-performance mm-wave frequency synthesis

Download or read book Mm wave Circuit Design in 16nm FinFET for 6G Applications written by Bart Philippe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-24 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tackles the challenges of designing mm-wave circuits in 16nm FinFET, from the elementary transistor level to a measured D-band transmitter. The design of crucial building blocks such as oscillators and power amplifiers are covered through theoretical limitations, design methodology and measurement. Offers first book on design of mm-wave circuits above 100GHz in an advanced 16nm FinFET digital technology; Covers fundamentals of transistor layout, circuit implementation and measurements; Provides single-source reference to information otherwise only available in disparate literature.

Download or read book Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Techniques and Technologies written by Hans L. Hartnagel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-28 with total page 1554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase of consumer, medical and sensors electronics using radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) circuits has implications on overall performances if design is not robust and optimized for a given applications. The current and later generation communication systems and Internet of Thing (IoT) demand for robust electronic circuits with optimized performance and functionality, but low cost, size, and power consumption. As a result, there is a need for a textbook that provides a comprehensive treatment of the subject. This book provides state-of-the-art coverage of RF and Microwave Techniques and Technologies, covers important topics: transmission-line theory, passive and semiconductor devices, active and passive microwave circuits and receiver systems, as well as antennas, noise and digital signal modulation schemes. With an emphasis on theory, design, and applications, this book is targeted to students, teachers, scientists, and practicing design engineers who are interested in broadening their knowledge of RF and microwave electronic circuit design. Readers will also benefit from a unique integration of theory and practice, provides the readers a solid understanding of the RF and microwave concepts, active and passive components, antenna, and modulation schemes. Readers will learn to solve common design problems ranging from selection of components, matching networks to biasing and stability, and digital modulation techniques. More importantly, it provides basic understanding in the analysis and design of RF and microwave circuits in a manner that is practiced in industry. This make sure that the know-how learned in this book can be effortlessly and straightway put into practice without any obstacles.

Download or read book RF CMOS Oscillators for Modern Wireless Applications written by Masoud Babaie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While mobile phones enjoy the largest production volume ever of any consumer electronics products, the demands they place on radio-frequency (RF) transceivers are particularly aggressive, especially on integration with digital processors, low area, low power consumption, while being robust against process-voltage-temperature variations. Since mobile terminals inherently operate on batteries, their power budget is severely constrained. To keep up with the ever increasing data-rate, an ever-decreasing power per bit is required to maintain the battery lifetime. The RF oscillator is the second most power-hungry block of a wireless radio (after power amplifiers). Consequently, any power reduction in an RF oscillator will greatly benefit the overall power efficiency of the cellular transceiver. Moreover, the RF oscillators' purity limits the transceiver performance. The oscillator's phase noise results in power leakage into adjacent channels in a transmit mode and reciprocal mixing in a receive mode. On the other hand, the multi-standard and multi-band transceivers that are now trending demand wide tuning range oscillators. However, broadening the oscillator’s tuning range is usually at the expense of die area (cost) or phase noise. The main goal of this book is to bring forth the exciting and innovative RF oscillator structures that demonstrate better phase noise performance, lower cost, and higher power efficiency than currently achievable. Technical topics discussed in RF CMOS Oscillators for Modern Wireless Applications include:  Design and analysis of low phase-noise class-F oscillators Analyze a technique to reduce 1/f noise up-conversion in the oscillators Design and analysis of low power/low voltage oscillators Wide tuning range oscillators Reliability study of RF oscillators in nanoscale CMOS

Download or read book Transformer Based Design Techniques for Oscillators and Frequency Dividers written by Howard Cam Luong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-07 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in-depth coverage of transformer-based design techniques that enable CMOS oscillators and frequency dividers to achieve state-of-the-art performance. Design, optimization, and measured performance of oscillators and frequency dividers for different applications are discussed in detail, focusing on not only ultra-low supply voltage but also ultra-wide frequency tuning range and locking range. This book will be an invaluable reference for anyone working or interested in CMOS radio-frequency or mm-Wave integrated circuits and systems.

Download or read book Multiband Dual Function CMOS RFIC Filter Switches written by Cam Nguyen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-25 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the theory, analysis, and design of multiband dual-function microwave and millimeter-wave CMOS radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) filter-switches capable of simultaneous switching and filtering, which are relevant for advanced multiband RF systems. Typical microwave and millimeter-wave switches are designed only for switching purposes without considering frequency selectivity or filtering. A separate filter is normally needed to be used with a switch to provide a filtering function. This conventional design approach hence leads to higher insertion loss, larger size and higher cost for RF systems. RF systems operating over multiple bands provide numerous advantages and offer more capabilities for communications and sensing than their single-band counterparts. A concurrent multiband system enables one single system to be used over multiple bands simultaneously, leading to optimum size, cost, and power consumption, together with ease of system implementation. Truly concurrent multiband systems require many components to work on multiple bands simultaneously, including concurrent multiband switches. Microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits using silicon-based CMOS (or related BiCMOS) RFICs are less expensive and better suited to direct integration with digital ICs than those using III-V compound semiconductor devices. CMOS RFICs are also small and offer low power consumption, making them suitable for portable battery-operated systems. Accordingly, CMOS RFICs are very attractive for RF systems and are the principal choice for commercial wireless markets. The content is divided into six chapters, the first four of which describe and address band-pass, high-pass, and low-pass filters, as well as multiband band-pass filters, the fundamentals of switches, and various switch architectures including single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), transmit/receive (T/R), and ultra-high-isolation switches, the fundamentals and models of MOSFETs used in the design of switches, and the essentials of CMOS RFIC design needed for the filter-switches presented in this book. In turn, the fifth chapter presents the core of the book, namely the design, simulation, and measurement of various CMOS dual-band dual-function SPDT and T/R switches capable of concurrent switching and filtering, as examples to illustrate the design of multiband dual-function filter-switches. These components operate in two different frequency bands centered at approximately 40 and 60 GHz and 24 and 60 GHz. Lastly, a summary and conclusion are provided in Chapter 6.

Download or read book RF Circuits for 5G Applications written by Sangeeta Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-03-10 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RF CIRCUITS FOR 5G APPLICATIONS This book addresses FinFET-based analog IC designing for fifth generation (5G) communication networks and highlights the latest advances, problems, and challenges while presenting the latest research results in the field of mmwave integrated circuits designing. The wireless communication sector is experiencing exponential expansion, particularly in the areas of mobile data and the 5G mobile network, creating fresh market possibilities for designing the integrated circuits (ICs) needed in the industry. Drawing from scientific literature and practical realization, this book explores FinFET-based analog IC designing for 5G communication networks and considers the latest breakthroughs and obstacles. It also presents the recent research trends and future roadmaps for the 5G communication circuits. RF Circuits for 5G Applications includes design guidelines to be considered when designing these circuits and detrimental scaling effects of the same. In addition, to enhance the usability of this book, the editors have included real-time problems in RFIC designing and case studies from experimental results, as well as clearly demarcated design guidelines for the 5G communication ICs designing. Audience The primary target audience includes researchers, postgraduate students, and industry professionals pursuing specializations in RF engineering, electronics engineering, electrical engineering, information, and communication technology.

Download or read book CMOS Wideband and Multiband Integrated Circuits for Microwave and Millimeter wave Applications written by 陳憲穀 and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 5G and E Band Communication Circuits in Deep Scaled CMOS written by Marco Vigilante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses design techniques, layout details and measurements of several key analog building blocks that currently limit the performance of 5G and E-Band transceivers implemented in deep-scaled CMOS. The authors present recent developments in low-noise quadrature VCOs and tunable inductor-less frequency dividers. Moreover, the design of low-loss broadband transformer-based filters that realize inter-stage matching, power division/combining and impedance transformation is discussed in great detail. The design and measurements of a low-noise amplifier, a downconverter and a highly-linear power amplifier that leverage the proposed techniques are shown. All the prototypes were realized in advanced nanometer scaled CMOS technologies without RF thick to metal option.

Download or read book Design of the CMOS Wideband Mixers for Microwave and Millimeter wave Applications written by 楊弘源 and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design Techniques in CMOS LC Quadrature Oscillators for Broadband Applications written by Mahdi Bagheri and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New standards are emerging every few months as wireless bands and services are proliferating across the world. End users of mobile headsets, wireless speakers, appliances controlled by internet, and many other devices want as many as possible new services and manufacturers have a hard time to keep up. Therefore, wireless radio solutions which can cover more bands and standards are in high demand. Multi-band multi mode radios by stacking up of multiple modules can be a choice to cover more bands in one system at a higher cost and larger area. Newer multi-band multi-mode radios integrate multiple radios into one chip and by reducing the packaging cost, sharing the peripheral components, and lowering the size, cover larger frequency range at lower cost. Software defined radios (SDRs) and cognitive radios (CRs) can address the increasing demand of users to have seamless connection at low service cost and support wide range of applications [24]. Ultra-wideband (UWB) radios also cover a wide spectrum supporting universal applications in different countries. The WiMedia UWB radio technology requires the frequency synthesizers to cover the 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz spectrum. Different communication systems take advantage of millimeter-wave phased arrays such as 60 GHz short-range communication and point-to-point communication at the E--band (71-76 and 81-86 GHz) and the W--band (75-110 GHz). All the mentioned radios need carrier frequency generators which are able to cover all the frequency bands of interest which is several GHz. Also, these frequency generators must be able to generate quadrature local oscillator signal (LO). Quadrature signals are essential in modern transceivers which can be generated in different ways. Among different ways, quadrature oscillators show better performance. The LC-QOSCs show a superior phase noise performance with excellent quadrature accuracy. To practically use CMOS LC quadrature oscillators, the randomness of the quadrature phase of the QOSCs should be fixed. The random phase sequence in LC-QOSCs results in limited tuning range which might be even zero. The series coupled QOSCs proposed in here address the quadrature phase sequence ambiguity by guaranteeing oscillation in one mode. Furthermore we have proposed a novel idea where the S-QOSC quadrature mode can be selected, and since each mode has a different frequency, in this way a wider tuning range can be achieved from the QOSC which is essential in wide tuning range frequency synthesizers and is useful in multi-band radios, SDR, CR, and UWB radios. Replacing the crystal oscillators (XTALs) which are the main reference frequency generators in transceivers has a high priority to reduce the overall cost and power consumption of different wireless systems. CMOS frequency generators mostly cannot compete with the accuracy and phase noise performance of XTALs and even with the aid of calibration cannot achieve descent frequency stability due to temperature variation as they are very sensitive to temperature. The focus of this work is on wide tuning range oscillators applicable in broadband radios. This work presents a wide tuning range series coupled quadrature S-QOSCs which is able to oscillate in desired quadrature mode of oscillation and eliminate the randomness in the quadrature sequence. By selecting the mode, the proposed S-QOSC (Chapter 4) has a very wide tuning range which is the combination of tuning range of different modes. It has also been shown (Chapter 5) that the proposed S-QOSC can be designed to show two orders of magnitude less temperature sensitivity compared to other LC oscillators and can be implemented in a system to be calibrated to achieve the required frequency accuracy of various applications. In this work an LO-phase shifting approach based on ILO at frequency range of 71 to 86 GHz will be presented.

Download or read book Millimeter wave Harmonic Oscillator Design for Wide Tuning Range and High Power written by Rouzbeh Kananizadeh and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with ultra wide tuning range is presented in the second chapter. This VCO incorporates a system of coupled oscillators with two Active Mode Switching (AMS) blocks. The AMS blocks excite the main VCO’s to operate in two distinct frequency bands. An overlap between the two frequency bands has extended the tuning range of the VCO. By turning the AMS blocks off, low-loss and low-capacitance behavior of these blocks result in wide tuning range and high harmonic output power at high millimeter-wave (mmwave) frequencies. On the other hand, by turning the AMS blocks on, their loss-cancelling and capacitance-tuning behavior yield to higher power and wider tuning range with a lower center frequency. By having sufficient frequency overlap between the two modes, the implementedV CO achieves record tuning range of 20.7% at 190.5 GHz with maximum output power of -2.1dBm. This tuning range is significantly higher than other reported silicon-based VCO’s with center frequencies higher than 120 GHz. The second chapter also includes a thorough study on Colpitts oscillators and their capability for wide tuning range. Third chapter studies nonlinear behavior of transistors to boost the output power of harmonic oscillators. Based on time-variant behavior of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOS-FETs) in large-signal operations, harmonic translations and their mutual effects are analyzed. Large amplitudes at terminal voltages of these transistors, push them into different regions of operation. In this chapter, harmonic translations are derived as a result of such changes in operation region of transistors. Operation in triode region for a portion of oscillation cycle results in iterative harmonic translations between fundamental frequency and second harmonic. They boost each other constructively for significantly stronger oscillation, more second harmonic output power and enhanced dc-to-RF efficiency. Based on these analysis, a 215 GHz signal source, implemented in a TSMC 65 nm CMOS LP is presented. The proposed oscillator achieves maximum output power of 5.6 dBm and dc-to-RF efficiency of 4.6%. The measured phase noiseis -94.6 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The proposed oscillator occupies only 0.08 mm2 of chip area. Using the concept of harmonic translations in nonlinear circuits, the fourth chapter analyzes the fundamental limits for maximum second harmonic power generation for any given transistor. Moreover, optimum waveforms at gate-source and drain-source terminals which yield to this maximum limit in CMOS transistors are derived. Two oscillators are implemented in a TSMC 65nm CMOS GP process. Transistors in these oscillators have optimum voltage waveforms at their terminals. Thus, they deliver state-of-the-art second harmonic output power, while operating at relatively higher frequencies than related arts. One of the proposed oscillators has maximum output power of 4.9 dBm and peak dc-to-RF efficiency of 3% at 300 GHz. The implemented oscillators occupy 0.16 mm2 of chip area.

Download or read book mm Wave Silicon Technology written by Ali M. Niknejad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles and presents the research results from the past five years in mm-wave Silicon circuits. This area has received a great deal of interest from the research community including several university and research groups. The book covers device modeling, circuit building blocks, phased array systems, and antennas and packaging. It focuses on the techniques that uniquely take advantage of the scale and integration offered by silicon based technologies.