Download or read book Critique of the Bush Administration s National Security Strategy written by Lawrence Korb and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 2006 the Bush administration released its National Security Strategy (NSS), as required by Congress under the Goldwater-Nichols Dept. of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986. The authors of this essay analyzing the NSS maintain that this latest iteration of the national security strategy again disappoints -- it fails to offer a realistic plan with achievable goals to safeguard American interests, contradicts the actual policies & actions of the administration, & reveals an absence of introspection & lessons learned from the mistakes of the first term.
Download or read book A Critique of the Bush Administration s National Security Strategy written by Lawrence J. Korb and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hitting First written by William W. Keller and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2006-09-03 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. war in Iraq was not only an intelligence failure—it was a failure in democratic discourse. Hitting Firstoffers a critical analysis of the political dialogue leading up to the American embrace of preventive war as national policy and as the rationale for the invasion and occupation of Iraq. Taking as its point of departure the important distinction between preemptive and preventive war, the contributors examine how the rhetoric of policy makers conflated these two very different concepts until the public could no longer effectively distinguish between a war of necessity and a war of choice. Although the book focuses on recent events, Hitting First takes into consideration the broader historical, ethical, and legal context of current American policies. Precedents are examined for preventive military action based on conventional as well as nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons threats. The authors also consider recent examples of the rhetoric of "humanitarian intervention," which have tended to undermine traditional notions of national sovereignty, making purportedly "morally justifiable" actions easier to entertain. Intelligence gathering and its use, manipulation, and distortion to suit policy agendas are also analyzed, as are the realities of the application of military force, military requirements to sustain a policy of preventive war, and post-conflict reconstruction.Hitting First presents a timely and essential view of the lessons learned from the failures of the Iraqi conflict, and offers a framework for avoiding future policy breakdowns through a process of deliberative public and governmental debate within a free market of ideas. The critiques and prescriptions offered here provide a unique and valuable perspective on the challenges of formulating and conduct of national security policy while sustaining the principles and institutions of American democracy. This collection will appeal to students and scholars of American foreign policy, international relations, political communication, and ethics.
Download or read book National Security Strategy A Flawed Guide to the Future Political Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Goldwater-Nichols Defense Department Reorganization Act of 1986 requires the executive branch to periodically provide written documentation of the United States National Security Strategy (NSS). The George W. Bush administration released its first NSS in September 2002. The NSS starts with a letter from the President and then is organized around nine primary objectives. The effects of 9/11 and the emphasis on global terrorism are unmistakable. The talking heads in the media who focused, their critiques on the overt statement of a policy of preemption missed the forest for the trees. The Bush 43 NSS is an arrogant short-term military focused document that fails to provide a comprehensive strategic vision for applying all the elements of national power to protect and enhance our enduring national interests. This paper justifies that critique by a discussion of misalignment between NSS goals and national interests, flaws with specific NSS objectives, and the need for a greater economic emphasis. Integrated throughout the discussion are general and specific ways to correct our approach to world affairs.
Download or read book Reconstituting America s Defense written by James J. Tritten and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1992-06-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes President Bush's new Regional Defense Strategy--the master plan that will guide the transformation of U.S. defense policy for the post-Cold War era. Most recent books on defense prescribe how U.S. policy ought to change or critique past policies without taking Bush's new strategy into account. This book takes a different approach, providing the first comprehensive assessment of the new Regional Defense Strategy, analyzing the consequences for U.S. forces and alliance relations, and examining the political difficulties of transforming President Bush's vision into reality. It explains major changes in U.S. defense doctrine and strategy, force and command structure, future programming requirements, and the major question of how such a significant change was managed in the United States. Much is new and even radical about the Regional Defense Strategy. Bush has built it around the concept of reconstitution, under which the United States will scrap the forces needed to fight a large-scale conflict and rely on the ability to create new forces if such a conflict looms on the horizon. However, reconstitution will impose demanding requirements on U.S. intelligence and the defense industrial base. Congress will also have an important say over this proposal and the new national security strategy as a whole. So will U.S. allies in Europe and the Far East, some of whom are already moving to recast the strategy's proposals for basing U.S. forces abroad. The primary audience of this book is politico-military strategic planners and those interested in organizational theory, management of change in large organizations, and government policy.
Download or read book An Analysis of the National Security Strategy of the United States of America written by David C. Weston and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Security Strategy of the United States of America, September 2002, clearly identifies the necessity for pooling international resources, across all elements of power, to achieve national objectives in the Global War On Terrorism (GWOT). The national strategy is broad in scope, and requires collective international power to accomplish all the Bush administration has set out to do. Failure to achieve significant international cooperation has unbalanced ends, ways and means, and increased risk to achieving the stated strategic objectives. The international community should be able to harness far more resources for combating terrorism than one nation can alone. There is much debate as to the administration's effectiveness in this endeavor. This paper assesses the performance of the Bush administration in applying means, through ways, to achieve GWOT ends, and identifies imbalances in the strategy that have increased strategic risk in Iraq; finds failure by the U.S. to adequately invest in improving its other elements of power to a level that matches its strategic dominance in military power, and to effectively harness international power; and recommends actions the U.S. should take to improve its strategic balance, unite international efforts in the GWOT, and achieve success in reaching national objectives.
Download or read book The National Security Enterprise written by Roger Z. George and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent breakdowns in American national security have exposed the weaknesses of the nation’s vast overlapping security and foreign policy bureaucracy and the often dysfunctional interagency process. In the literature of national security studies, however, surprisingly little attention is given to the specific dynamics or underlying organizational cultures that often drive the bureaucratic politics of U.S. security policy. The National Security Enterprise offers a broad overview and analysis of the many government agencies involved in national security issues, the interagency process, Congressional checks and balances, and the influence of private sector organizations. The chapters cover the National Security Council, the Departments of Defense and State, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Office of Management and Budget. The book also focuses on the roles of Congress, the Supreme Court, and outside players in the national security process like the media, think tanks, and lobbyists. Each chapter details the organizational culture and personality of these institutions so that readers can better understand the mindsets that drive these organizations and their roles in the policy process. Many of the contributors to this volume are long-time practitioners who have spent most of their careers working for these organizations. As such, they offer unique insights into how diplomats, military officers, civilian analysts, spies, and law enforcement officials are distinct breeds of policymakers and political actors. To illustrate how different agencies can behave in the face of a common challenge, contributors reflect in detail on their respective agency’s behavior during the Iraq War. This impressive volume is suitable for academic studies at both the undergraduate and graduate level; ideal for U.S. government, military, and national security training programs; and useful for practitioners and specialists in national security studies.
Download or read book Index lectionum in academia aalbertina per aestatem anni MDCCCLXIV instituendarum written by and published by . This book was released on 1864 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U s National Security Strategy a New Era written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Bush Doctrine written by Stanley A. Renshon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, leading scholars of U.S. foreign policy, international relations, and political psychology examine one of the most consequential and controversial statements of national security policy in contemporary American history. Unlike other books which focus only on unilateralism or preventive war, Stanley A. Renshon and Peter Suedfeld provide a comprehensive framework with which to analyze the Bush Doctrine by identifying five central and interrelated elements of the doctrine: American pre-eminence assertive realism equivocal alliances selective multilateralism democratic transformation. Given its centrality to American national security, and the fact that the effects of it are likely to be felt well into the twenty-first century, Understanding the Bush Doctrine provides a critically balanced and pointed assessment of the Bush Doctrine and its premises, as well as a fair appraisal of its implications and prospects.
Download or read book Hard Power written by Kurt M. Campbell and published by Basic Books (AZ). This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a critical examination of foreign policy under the Bush Administration and proposes a bipartisan strategy for securing the homeland, managing the war on terror, combating global warming, and dealing with the increasing power of China and other Asian countries.
Download or read book American Foreign Policy and The Politics of Fear written by A. Trevor Thrall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume addresses the issue of threat inflation in American foreign policy and domestic politics. The Bush administration's aggressive campaign to build public support for an invasion of Iraq reheated fears about the president's ability to manipulate the public, and many charged the administration with 'threat inflation', duping the news media and misleading the public into supporting the war under false pretences. Presenting the latest research, these essays seek to answer the question of why threat inflation occurs and when it will be successful. Simply defined, it is the effort by elites to create concern for a threat that goes beyond the scope and urgency that disinterested analysis would justify. More broadly, the process concerns how elites view threats, the political uses of threat inflation, the politics of threat framing among competing elites, and how the public interprets and perceives threats via the news media. The war with Iraq gets special attention in this volume, along with the 'War on Terror'. Although many believe that the Bush administration successfully inflated the Iraq threat, there is not a neat consensus about why this was successful. Through both theoretical contributions and case studies, this book showcases the four major explanations of threat inflation -- realism, domestic politics, psychology, and constructivism -- and makes them confront one another directly. The result is a richer appreciation of this important dynamic in US politics and foreign policy, present and future. This book will be of much interests to students of US foreign and national security policy, international security, strategic studies and IR in general. Trevor Thrall is Assistant Professor of Political Science and directs the Master of Public Policy program at the University of Michigan - Dearborn. Jane Kellett Cramer is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Oregon.
Download or read book America s war on Terrorism written by John E. Owens and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How has 9/11 and George W. Bush's self-declared "war" on terror changed American government and US foreign policy? This is the central question addressed in the nine original essays in this book. Following an introduction by the editors, in which they survey issues and debates raised by America's "War" on Terrorism and its consequences for US government and politics, foreign policy, and for American foreign relations, the contributions to this volume--from British and American scholars--explain the implications of the post-9/11 mobilization and reconfiguration of US foreign and internal security policies. Issues addressed in the book include: the growth of presidential power, executive branch reconfiguration and the managerial presidency, the Bush doctrine of pre-emption, the changing role of the US in the international order, the impact of the "war" on terrorism on the US military, intelligence failure and the changed role of US intelligence, renewed tension in US-European relations, and Bush's alliance with Tony Blair's government in the United Kingdom. Taken together, the essays represent an original and timely assessment of the domestic and international repercussions of George W. Bush's responses to the terrorist attacks September 11, 2001.
Download or read book The Bush Administrations and Saddam Hussein written by A. Hybel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-10-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present a vital analysis of the foreign policy-making processes of the two Bush administrations prior to the attacks on Iraq. In a thorough comparison, they show how both presidents used historical analogies to evaluate information, relied on instinct to formulate decisions, and drew on moral language to justify their choices.
Download or read book The Bush Doctrine of Preemptive Strike Significance and Consequences written by Anonym and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-07 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: USA, grade: 2,3, Free University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: With the release of the National Security Strategy (NSS) in September 2002, the administration of President George W. Bush developed the ideological keystone for U.S. foreign policy for the beginning of the 21st century. The document is therefore often referred to as the Bush Doctrine. Its publication, and more so, its application in the American foreign policy agenda, has caused tensions among politicians, diplomats and citizens all around the globe. The consequences, however, may be more consequential than just a temporary low in the international political climate. The Bush Doctrine "[...] affirms the legitimacy of an American preventive strike and emphasizes the notion that 'If you are not with us, you are against us.' U.S. foreign policy, therefore, is [...] about shedding the multilateralism favored by the Clinton administration and pursuing a more active, unilateral approach" (Glazov 2002, 1). In the following, I intend to analyze what consequences the U.S. foreign policy issued in the 2002 NSS has on America itself and on the international community in general In particular, I will deal with the definition of prevention and preemption and the Administration's unilateral approach towards global politics. As both friends and enemies evaluate the meaning of the 2002 NSS, it becomes evident that great danger might lie in the ambiguous wording of the Doctrine. The question is now, whether it will prove to be a sound and effective strategy in the War on Terror or continue to disunite America and its allies, if its content is not properly clarified and addressed
Download or read book Managing National Security Policy written by William W. Newmann and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. national security decision-making system is a product of the Cold War. Formed in 1947 with the National Security Council, it developed around the demands of competing with and containing the USSR. But the world after the collapse of communism and, particularly, the tragedy of September 11, is vastly different. A threatening but familiar enemy has given way to a complex environment of more diverse and less predictable threats. As the creation of the Homeland Security Council and Office of Homeland Security indicate, the United States must now reevaluate standard national security processes for this more uncertain world.In this timely book, William W. Newmann examines the way presidents manage their advisory process for national security decision making and the way that process evolves over the course of an administration's term. Three detailed case studies show how the president and his senior advisors managed arms control and nuclear strategy during the first terms of the Carter, Reagan, and G. H. W. Bush presidencies. These studies, enhanced by interviews with key members of the national security teams, including James Baker, Brent Scowcroft, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, reveal significant patterns of structure and adaptation. They provide a window to how decision making in the modern White House really works, at a moment when national security decisions are again at the top of the agenda.Specifically, Newmann investigates this pattern. Each president begins his administration with a standard National Security Councilÿbased interagency process, which he then streamlines toward a reliance on senior officials working in small groups, and a confidence structure of a few key advisors. Newmann examines the institutional pressures that push administrations in this direction, as he also weighs the impact of the leadership styles of the presidents themselves. In so doing, he reaches the conclusion that decision making can be an audition process through which presidents discover which advisors they trust. And the most successful process is one that balances formal, informal, and confidence sources to maintain full discussion of diverse opinions, while settling those debates informally at the senior-most levels.Unlike previous studies, Managing National Security Policy views decision making as dynamic, rather than as a static system inaugurated at the beginning of a president's term. The key to understanding the decision-making process rests upon the study of the evolving relationships between the president and his senior advisors. Awareness of this evolution paints a complex portrait of policy making, which may help future presidents design national security decision structures that fit the realities of the office in today's world.
Download or read book Our New National Security Strategy written by James J. Tritten and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1992-09-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an analysis of President Bush's Regional Defense Strategy first unveiled in Aspen, Colorado, on August 2, 1990. This strategy involves a mix of active, reserve, and reconstitutable forces, and General Colin Powell's Base Force. If implemented, the new strategy and force structure would return significant U.S. ground and air forces to the continental United States where most would be demobilized. In the event of a major crisis, the United States would rely on active and reserve forces for a contingency response, much as was done for Operation Desert Storm. The new national security strategy is based upon the 25 percent budget cut negotiated with Congress, a greatly depleted Russian threat, and a new international security environment that assumes two-years' warning of a European-centered global war with the former USSR. There are four major critical factors upon which the new strategy depends: (1) the continued decline of the Russians as a threat to world stability; (2) the ability of the intelligence community to meet new challenges; (3) the behavior of the allies and Congress; and (4) the ability of industry to meet new demands. The new strategy is not simply an adjustment to existing defense doctrine or strategy, but rather a fundamental revision of the way the United States has approached defense since 1945. Students and scholars interested in politico-military strategy and government policy will find this book of great interest.
