Download or read book A Critical Review of Column Confinement Reinforcement Used in Current Seismic Bridge Design Practice written by Aaron Shelman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Concrete Confinement Model Synthesis Study written by Aaron Shelman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding the Confined Concrete Behavior on the Response of Hollow Bridge Columns written by Xiao Liang (M.S. in Structural Engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In seismic design practice, hollow concrete columns offer an efficient alternative especially for tall bridge columns. The confinement in critical regions of these columns is not well understood and the confinement models developed for solid concrete sections are used to characterize these columns. This report identifies several shortcomings in current practice associated with hollow column design. Using experimental and analytical means, it is shown that the confined concrete behavior in hollow concrete columns is different from that established for solid sections. Recommendations to improve analysis and design of hollow columns are presented with experimental verification. Modification to alter the confinement models developed for solid sections and a design example are also provided.

Download or read book Seismic Retrofit of Circular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inadequate flexural strength and ductility or shear strength of concrete bridge columns has resulted in collapse or severe damage of a number of California bridges in recent moderate earthquakes. In general, these bridges were designed prior to the new seismic design methods which were implemented in the mid-seventies. Bridges constructed in accordance with the new design methods have performed well in recent earthquakes. However, the large number of older bridges that are in service, particularly freeway overpasses designed and constructed in the 1950s and 1970s, are now recognized to have substandard design details and to constitute a cause for major concern. This paper reports the results of a theoretical and experimental program investigating retrofit techniques for circular columns by encasing the critical regions within a steel jacket. The jacket is bonded to the column using grout. Results from six large-scale column tests show that the casing acts efficiently as confinement reinforcement, enabling a displacement ductility factor of greater than 6 to be achieved. The casing also inhibits bond failures at the laps of longitudinal reinforcement in the critical regions of the column by restraining the dilation and spalling of the cover concrete which degenerates into bond failure. Comparisons of 'as-built' and retrofitted columns are presented, and experimental strengths and ductilities are compared with analytical predictions. For the covering abstract of the Conference see IRRD Abstract no. 807839.

Download or read book Towards Understanding the Seismic Behaviour of GFRP Confined Concrete Columns written by Zahra Kharal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional steel reinforced concrete (RC) structures are prone to corrosion, resulting in billions of dollars in damages globally annually. The use of glass-fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars as internal reinforcement is a pre-emptive measure, which offers a feasible and cost-effective solution to building lasting sustainable infrastructure. Despite the many advantages of GFRP, design codes do not recommend its usage in columns primarily due to the lack of test data, especially under seismic loading. This study was undertaken to understand the seismic behaviour of concrete columns confined by GFRP transverse reinforcement. In the experimental program of this study, sixteen square columns with 305x305 mm cross-section and 1470 mm length were constructed and tested under simulated earthquake loading. Fourteen columns were reinforced with GFRP ties and steel longitudinal bars, while two columns contained GFRP ties and GFRP longitudinal bars. The results, in the form of shear vs. tip deflection and moment vs. curvature hysteresis, showed that GFRP ties can significantly enhance the seismic performance of RC columns. Test results also revealed that if appropriate confinement is provided, columns confined by GFRP ties have flexural strength, energy dissipation capacity, ductility and deformability level comparable to steel-RC columns and thus can be used effectively as primary lateral reinforcement. In the analytical phase of the study, an extensive database of FRP confined columns tested under concentric axial compression was compiled. The applicability of various existing confinement models towards the test data was investigated in detail. A new constitutive stress-strain relationship for FRP confined columns was proposed which captured the behaviour considerably better than the available models. A computation program was developed, utilizing the proposed confinement model, to conduct nonlinear analysis of GFRP confined columns subjected to simulated seismic loading. The program predicted the shear vs. tip deflection and moment vs. curvature envelope curves, and the ductility parameters with reasonable accuracy. Lastly, a critical evaluation of seismic design provisions for FRP confinement in CSA-S806 (2012) was carried out. The code provisions were found to be ambiguous and lacking in several aspects. Based on the available test results, modifications to the current code were suggested.

Download or read book Confinement of Normal and High strength Concrete Columns written by Salim R. Razvi and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive research project was conducted to investigate the behaviour and design of earthquake resistant normal-strength and high-strength concrete columns. The project included three essential components; testing of full size columns, development of an analytical model, and development of a design procedure. The experimental program consisted of material research and structural testing. The first phase was designed to study mechanical properties of high-strength concrete, which involved testing of a large number of concrete cylinders. The second phase was designed to investigate performance of confined normal and high-strength concrete columns under concentric compression. The experimental program included tests of 46 full size square and circular columns, with concrete strength ranging between 60 MPa and 124 MPa. The parameters considered included; cross-sectional shape (circular and square), volumetric ratio and spacing of transverse reinforcement, distribution of longitudinal reinforcement and resulting tie arrangement, yield strength of transverse reinforcement, concrete compressive strength, influence of longitudinal reinforcement in circular columns, and type of circular reinforcement (continuous spiral and circular hoops). The analytical component of the research program involved development of a mathematical model to represent stress-strain relationship of confined concrete. This was done in two steps. The first step included formulation of the relationship for normal strength concrete, for which extensive test data was available. The second step involved modification of the model for high-strength concrete. An extensive literature survey was first conducted, followed by evaluation of previous test data. This information was used, along with the results of the experimental phase of this investigation to develop a generalized cofinement model for normal-strength and high-strength concrete columns. The analytical and experimental research was used in developing a design procedure for confinement of earthquake resistant concrete columns. The procedure includes all the relevant parameters of confinement that have been observed to be important in column tests, and relates the design variables to deformation capacities. A displacement based design methodology was developed, where the lateral drift demand is a design parameter. This approach leads to different confinement steel requirements for columns with different deformability demands, an approach currently lacking in practice. Furthermore, the reinforcement arrangement is recognized as a design parameter, allowing lower volumetric ratio of confinement reinforcement for efficient arrangements. This may result in significant savings in steel, eliminating the common problem of steel congestion in earthquake resistant columns. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Download or read book Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition is based on the work of NCHRP project 20-7, task 262 and updates the 2nd (1999) edition -- P. ix.

Download or read book AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2011 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers guidance on bridge design for extreme events induced by human beings. This document provides the designer with information on the response of concrete bridge columns subjected to blast loads as well as blast-resistant design and detailing guidelines and analytical models of blast load distribution. The content of this guideline should be considered in situations where resisting blast loads is deemed warranted by the owner or designer.

Download or read book Experimental and Computational Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Beam column Connections for Seismic Performance written by Clay Joshua Naito and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges written by Jeffrey Ger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear static monotonic (pushover) analysis has become a common practice in performance-based bridge seismic design. The popularity of pushover analysis is due to its ability to identify the failure modes and the design limit states of bridge piers and to provide the progressive collapse sequence of damaged bridges when subjected to major earthq

Download or read book Seismic Performance of Well confined Concrete Bridge Columns written by Dawn Ellen Lehman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges written by Andreas J. Kappos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-18 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.

Download or read book Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology written by Atilla Ansal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects 4 keynote and 15 theme lectures presented at the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (2ECEES), held in Istanbul, Turkey, from August 24 to 29, 2014. The conference was organized by the Turkish Earthquake Foundation - Earthquake Engineering Committee and Prime Ministry, Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency under the auspices of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering (EAEE) and European Seismological Commission (ESC). The book’s nineteen state-of-the-art chapters were written by the most prominent researchers in Europe and address a comprehensive collection of topics on earthquake engineering, as well as interdisciplinary subjects such as engineering seismology and seismic risk assessment and management. Further topics include engineering seismology, geotechnical earthquake engineering, seismic performance of buildings, earthquake-resistant engineering structures, new techniques and technologies, and managing risk in seismic regions. The book also presents the First Professor Inge Lehmann Distinguished Award Lecture given by Prof. Shamita Das in honor of Prof. Dr. Inge Lehmann. The aim of this work is to present the state-of-the art and latest practices in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, with Europe’s most respected researchers addressing recent and ongoing developments while also proposing innovative avenues for future research and development. Given its cutting-edge conten t and broad spectrum of topics, the book offers a unique reference guide for researchers in these fields. Audience: This book is of interest to civil engineers in the fields of geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering; scientists and researchers in the fields of seismology, geology and geophysics. Not only scientists, engineers and students, but also those interested in earthquake hazard assessment and mitigation will find in this book the most recent advances.

Download or read book LRFD Guide Specifications for the Design of Pedestrian Bridges written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2009 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance based Seismic Bridge Design written by M. Lee Marsh and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 440, Performance-Based Seismic Bridge Design (PBSD) summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice for PBSD. PBSD is the process that links decision making for facility design with seismic input, facility response, and potential facility damage. The goal of PBSD is to provide decision makers and stakeholders with data that will enable them to allocate resources for construction based on levels of desired seismic performance"--Publisher's description.

Download or read book Hydro Environmental Analysis written by James L. Martin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 5742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on fundamental principles, Hydro-Environmental Analysis: Freshwater Environments presents in-depth information about freshwater environments and how they are influenced by regulation. It provides a holistic approach, exploring the factors that impact water quality and quantity, and the regulations, policy and management methods that are necessary to maintain this vital resource. It offers a historical viewpoint as well as an overview and foundation of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics affecting the management of freshwater environments. The book concentrates on broad and general concepts, providing an interdisciplinary foundation. The author covers the methods of measurement and classification; chemical, physical, and biological characteristics; indicators of ecological health; and management and restoration. He also considers common indicators of environmental health; characteristics and operations of regulatory control structures; applicable laws and regulations; and restoration methods. The text delves into rivers and streams in the first half and lakes and reservoirs in the second half. Each section centers on the characteristics of those systems and methods of classification, and then moves on to discuss the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of each. In the section on lakes and reservoirs, it examines the characteristics and operations of regulatory structures, and presents the methods commonly used to assess the environmental health or integrity of these water bodies. It also introduces considerations for restoration, and presents two unique aquatic environments: wetlands and reservoir tailwaters. Written from an engineering perspective, the book is an ideal introduction to the aquatic and limnological sciences for students of environmental science, as well as students of environmental engineering. It also serves as a reference for engineers and scientists involved in the management, regulation, or restoration of freshwater environments.

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: