Download or read book A Critical Examination of Structural Adjustment Programs for Developing Nations written by Kristen G. Cromwell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative case studies of Nigeria, Brazil, and the Philippines show the failure of structural adjustment and stabalization, policies enforced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, to stimulate economic development or improve conditions of the poor.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment the Environment and Sustainable Development written by David Reed and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a pioneering study which should serve as a model for future research and will to a wide audience' Dharam Ghai, Director United Nations Research Institute for Social Development Structural Adjustment and the Environment (Earthscan, 1992) was the first book to fully examine the effects of 'structural adjustment programmes the economic reform policies required by the World Bank and IMF as part of their lending operations with borrowing countries. To widespread Critical acclaim it exposed the damaging environmental and social effects of structural adjustment policies, and called for a thorough revision of the then-current development policy. This new work; Structural Adjustment, the Environment and sustainable Development is a major step forward in the study of structural adjustment policies. It looks in detail at new research and analysis into their effects, and incorporates recent studies by a wide range of academics and policy-makers, leading experts and institutes. Focusing on nine in-depth case studies, the book examines the complex links between macroeconomic policies, social impacts and environmental outcomes, and takes a forward-looking perspective in outlining the alternatives to current structural adjustment policies. Review quotes for Structural Adjustment and the Environment 'Should be essential reading for all students of development' Third World Planning Review 'Breaks new ground in the debate on structural adjustment generally. and in the environment/development debate' International Affairs 'The most substantial contribution to date to what is undoubtedly an important area' Development and Change David Reed is director of the Macroeconomics for Sustainable Development Programme of WWF International, and editor of Structural Adjustment and the Environment (Earthscan, 1992). Originally published in 1996
Download or read book Structural Adjustment written by SAPRIN and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural adjustment programmes are the largest single cause of increased poverty, inequality and hunger in developing countries. This book is the most comprehensive, real-life assessment to date of the impacts of the liberalisation, deregulation, privatisation and austerity that constitute structural adjustment. It is the result of a unique five year collaboration among citizens‘ groups, developing country governments, and the World Bank itself. Its authors, the members of the Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (SAPRIN), reveal the practical consequences for manufacturing, small enterprise, wages and conditions, social services, health, education, food security, poverty and inequality. The stark conclusion emerges: if there is to be any hope for meaningful development, structural adjustment and neoliberal economics must be jettisoned.
Download or read book The Alleviation of Poverty Under Structural Adjustment written by Lionel Demery and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study has identified a number of examples in which concerns about the alleviation of poverty have been given some practical expression in adjustment programs. Because most of these examples are of very recent origin, it is difficult to assess how effective they have been in helping the poor. First, one striking feature of the illustrations compiled is that they are invariably orderly or planned structural adjustment programs that have often been implemented with Bank assistance (Bolivia, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Indonesia, Jamaica, and Thailand). Second, income distributions will inevitably change during adjustment. These changes are the principal incentives for resource reallocation, and without them the objectives of adjustment will not be realized. Third, the study highlights the advantages of interventions that increase the primary income claims of the poor. Finally, adjustment can act as a catalyst for policymakers to examine carefully the costs and benefits of their programs for the poor.
Download or read book Our Continent Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.
Download or read book What Explains the Success Or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programs written by David Dollar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1998 A few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. To select promising candidates for adjustment, the World Bank must do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. Being more selective may mean smaller volumes of lending. In the 1980s development assistance shifted largely from financing investments (such as roads and dams) to promoting policy reform. This change came because of a growing awareness that developing countries were held back more by poor policies than by a lack of finance for investment. After nearly 20 years' experience with policy-based or conditional lending, there have now been many studies of adjustment lending, most of which take a case-study approach. Many conclude that policy-based lending works if countries have decided on their own to reform. Dollar and Svensson examine a database of 220 World Bank-supported reform programs to identify why adjustment programs succeed or fail. They find that a few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. Variables under the World Bank's control-resources devoted to preparation and supervision or number of conditions-have no relationship with an adjustment program's success or failure. What development agencies must do, then, is select promising candidates for adjustment support. When the candidate is a poor selection, devoting more administrative resources or imposing more conditions will not increase the likelihood of successful reform. To improve its success rate with adjustment lending, the World Bank must become more selective and do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. That is likely to lead to fewer adjustment loans, unless there is a significant change in the number of promising reformers. To become more effective at supporting policy reform, the agency must be willing to accept that this may lead to smaller volumes of lending. This paper-a product of the Macroeconomics and Growth, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to examine aid effectiveness. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Economic Policies and the Effect of Foreign Aid (RPO 681-70). The authors may be contacted at [email protected]. or [email protected].
Download or read book Structural Adjustment And The Environment written by David Reed and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1992-08-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s the World Bank loaned over 28.5 billion for structural adjustment programs in developing countries. Structural Adjustment and the Environment explores the results of these programs and arrives at the disturbing conclusion that structural adjustment lending has failed both to protect the environment and to achieve sustainable development.Drawing on case studies and global analysis, this important book examines the basic philosophy, scope, and objectives of structural adjustment and the ways in which it might contribute to human needs and environmental protection. Concluding that the pursuit of economic growth must be conditioned by environmental objectives, scholars from the World Wide Fund for Nature call for a thorough revision of development policy, including basic institutional change, reforms in lending priorities, and increased democratization of the development process.This is a vital book for activists and scholars in a wide range of disciplines who are concerned with international development and the environment.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment and Living Conditions in Developing Countries written by Nanak Kakwani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By and large, social indicators in developing countries improved in the 1980s, but progress was slowest in the countries that needed it the most. The data show unacceptably high mortality rates, low school enrollment levels, and extensive undernutrition in many parts of the world. Of particular concern are the declining primary enrollment ratios in intensely adjusting countries. This erosion of human capital is inconsistent with the main objectives of adjustment: sustainable long-term growth.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment written by and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 2004-02-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural adjustment programmes are the largest single cause of increased poverty, inequality and hunger in developing countries. This book is the most comprehensive, real-life assessment to date of the impacts of the liberalisation, deregulation, privatisation and austerity that constitute structural adjustment. It is the result of a unique five year collaboration among citizens' groups, developing country governments, and the World Bank itself. Its authors, the members of the Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (SAPRIN), reveal the practical consequences for manufacturing, small enterprise, wages and conditions, social services, health, education, food security, poverty and inequality. The stark conclusion emerges: if there is to be any hope for meaningful development, structural adjustment and neoliberal economics must be jettisoned.
Download or read book Price Reform Under Structural Adjustment Programmes in Developing Countries written by Adedotun O. Phillips and published by Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), University of Ibadan. This book was released on 1990 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development written by Stuart Corbridge and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2000 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brings together more than one hundred articles dealing with the discipline of development in all its diversity. Key topics include the transformation of peasant economies, argibusiness, rural-urban relations, markets, industrialization, workers, trade, aid and structural adjustment. A unique set in its comprehensiveness and diversity, it also considers four key challenges for development theory and practice relating to capabilities, ethics, sustainability and regulation.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment Reconstruction and Development in Africa written by Kempe Ronald Hope and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1997, this volume is intended to make a contribution to both the literature and the contentious debate on the relationship between structural adjustment and reconstruction and development in Africa, as seen from the multidisciplinary perspective of academics and practitioners working in Africa on African development problems and issues. The implementation of structural adjustment in Africa has spawned a considerable, and still on-going, debate with vociferous advocates on both sides of the issue, particularly with respect to the efficacy of structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) as an antidote to Africa’s development crisis. This book contributes to that debate with a rich mixture of analytical views and ideas covering a wide range of countries and sectors on the role and impact of structural adjustment programmes on the process of reconstruction and development in Africa.
Download or read book Adjustment and Social Sector Restructuring written by Jessica M. Vivian and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social policy in developing countries has been substantially affected in recent years by economic crisis and structural adjustment, and perhaps more importantly, by the ascendance of neo-liberal ideology. By the late 1980s, the adverse effects of adjustment had become clear, and the resulting political opposition led many governments and their external supporters to design programmes meant to 'mitigate the social costs' of adjustment. The most visible of these are the 'social fund' or 'safety net' measures intended not only to address the social impacts of adjustment, but also to improve their social and political acceptability. In addition, they are seen by some as providing a model for new, more efficient and effective means of providing social service. This volume examines the goals, assumptions, impacts and possible long-term outcomes of social policy trends in developing countries.
Download or read book Development Policy in the Twenty First Century written by Ben Fine and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excellent book, newly available in paperback, addresses the growing dissatisfaction with the neo-liberal post-Washington consensus. The concern of the contributors in writing this collection was that this consensus has established itself as a new orthodoxy, more powerful and widespread than its predecessor. This broad-ranging critique explains that without a much broader political economy the consensus is unlikely to provide a coherent framework for successful development policies. Development Policy in the 21st Century is unique in its depth and assesses the postures of the new consensus topic by topic, whilst posing strong alternatives. It will improve and stimulate the reader's understanding of this important area, and is required reading for any student, academic or interested reader that wishes to understand one of the most important issues in international economics.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment in Africa An Evaluation of Western Aid and Development Interventions in Africa After 1980 written by Sebastian Veit and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Development Politics, grade: 1,7, University of KwaZulu-Natal ("African Development"), 7 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The following paper addresses the widely discussed assertion that the Structural Adjustment Plans (SAP) are the cause for under development in Africa. This is in particular an interesting lesson learned for the development community, as it becomes obvious that mass poverty cannot be tied to one single issue, like household austerity. Moreover, the author stresses the point that poverty alleviation can only be achieved through interdisciplinary approaches that address the complexity of wide spread poverty in Africa. In conclusion, the SAP was an attempt, based on developed country thinking at the time, to fix the issue - the results were not convincing, as purely technocratic solutions hardly will solve the complex problems of Africa. This holds in particular true, when both the socio-economic backgrounds as well as the cultural foundation of people is ignored. In essence, the SAP were falling way short of considering "the human dimension." About the Author Sebastian Veit, M.A. Social Science in Globalization, B.A. Hons in Business and Economics. Over the last two years he has been working on projects as a freelance consultant for the UNFCCC, GTZ and the World Bank. Despite the loss of his vision in an acceident in late 1990, he has studied on four continents. Thus, he has gained an understanding of the importance to include "the local perspective" of people in the combat of mass poverty. By utilizing his inter disciplinary experience, he stresses the need to take peoples socio-economic as well as cultural backgrounds into consideration for a successful solution. His goal is to further deepen his expertise in development strategy and energy services, that contribute in a sustainable manner to poverty alleviation.
Download or read book The World Bank and Governance written by Diane L. Stone and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book offers the first critical examination of World Bank policy reforms and initiatives during the past decade. The World Bank is viewed as one of the most powerful international organizations of our time. The authors critically analyze the influence of the institution’s policy and engagement during the past decade in a variety of issue areas, including human rights, domestic reform, and the environment. The World Bank and Governance delves into the bowels of the World Bank, exploring its organizational structure, professional culture and bureaucratic procedures, illustrating how these shape its engagement with an increasingly complex, diverse and challenging operational environment. The book includes chapters on two under-researched divisions of the World Bank: the International Finance Corporation and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency. Several illuminating country studies are also included, analyzing the World Bank's activities in Argentina, Bolivia, Lebanon, Hungary and Vietnam. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of international relations, development, politics and economics.
Download or read book African Voices on Structural Adjustment written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by Africa World Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compiled in response to the World Bank's controversial two-volume evaluation study on Adjustment in Africa' and the need for critical appraisal of the Structural Adjustment Programme's development strategies, the essays included here touch on issues which have been accorded very little attention in the SAP framework, as well as those which have generated the most controversy. These include an evaluation of the methodologies for performance evaluation under SAP, financial sector reforms and resource mobilisation, poverty under adjustment, trade liberalisation, and more.'
