Download or read book A Critical Examination of Document level Machine Translation Systems written by Prashanth Nayak and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for accurate and effective translation cannot be overstated in an increasingly globalised world where communication is paramount. Bridging language barriers is important for promoting understanding and cooperation among diverse individuals and communities, making translation an indispensable tool. Over the past two decades, Machine Translation (MT) has undergone remarkable advancements, with significant progress attributed to the emergence of Neural Machine Translation (NMT), primarily the groundbreaking Transformer models. This rapid development in MT, which started with a focus on sentence-level translation, has not only bridged communication gaps but also brought MT systems close to delivering human-like performance on various translation tasks. While these advances are significant, focusing mainly on sentence-level modeling and evaluation, they miss the valuable contextual information around each sentence. Contextual information in document-level translation helps resolve language ambiguities and ensures consistency and coherence in the translated text, making the translation more accurate and readable. While considerable efforts have been made to incorporate context into NMT systems, the community has not reached a consensus on the most effective methods and the types of context to be integrated. In this thesis, my primary focus is on understanding document-level systems. Specifically, I explore how these systems incorporate context into their translation processes and investigate the span of context utilised by these systems. I also investigate the terminology translation mechanisms within these systems. Furthermore, with the emergence of modern-day powerful Large Language Models (LLMs), I examine their capabilities in terminology translation and propose new methodologies to improve terminology translation for these powerful models.
Download or read book Document level Machine Translation Ensuring Translational Consistency of Non local Phenomena written by Eva Martínez Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, we study the automatic translation of documents by taking into account cross-sentence phenomena. This document-level information is typically ignored by most of the standard state-of-the-art Machine Translation (MT) systems, which focus on translating texts processing each of their sentences in isolation. Translating each sentence without looking at its surrounding context can lead to certain types of translation errors, such as inconsistent translations for the same word or for elements in a coreference chain. We introduce methods to attend to document-level phenomena in order to avoid those errors, and thus, reach translations that properly convey the original meaning.Our research starts by identifying the translation errors related to such document-level phenomena that commonly appear in the output of state-of-the-art Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems. For two of those errors, namely inconsistent word translations as well as gender and number disagreements among words, we design simple and yet effective post-processing techniques to tackle and correct them. Since these techniques are applied a posteriori, they can access the whole source and target documents, and hence, they are able to perform a global analysis and improve the coherence and consistency of the translation. Nevertheless, since following such a two-pass decoding strategy is not optimal in terms of efficiency, we also focus on introducing the context-awareness during the decoding process itself. To this end, we enhance a document-oriented SMT system with distributional semantic information in the form of bilingual and monolingual word embeddings. In particular, these embeddings are used as Semantic Space Language Models (SSLMs) and as a novel feature function. The goal of the former is to promote word translations that are semantically close to their preceding context, whereas the latter promotes the lexical choice that is closest to its surrounding context, for those words that have varying translations throughout the document. In both cases, the context extends beyond sentence boundaries. Recently, the MT community has transitioned to the neural paradigm. The finalstep of our research proposes an extension of the decoding process for a Neural Machine Translation (NMT) framework, independent of the model architecture, by shallow fusing the information from a neural translation model and the context semantics enclosed in the previously studied SSLMs. The aim of this modification is to introduce the benefits of context information also into the decoding process of NMT systems, as well as to obtain an additional validation for the techniques we explored.The automatic evaluation of our approaches does not reflect significant variations. This is expected since most automatic metrics are neither context-nor semantic-aware and because the phenomena we tackle are rare, leading to few modifications with respect to the baseline translations. On the other hand, manual evaluations demonstrate the positive impact of our approaches since human evaluators tend to prefer the translations produced by our document-aware systems. Therefore, the changes introduced by our enhanced systems are important since they are related to how humans perceive translation quality for long texts.
Download or read book Controlled Document Authoring in a Machine Translation Age written by Rei Miyata and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the concept, framework, implementation, and evaluation of controlled document authoring in this age of translation technologies. Machine translation (MT) is routinely used in many situations, by companies, governments, and individuals. Despite recent advances, MT tools are still known to be imperfect, sometimes producing critical errors. To enhance the performance of MT, researchers and language practitioners have developed controlled languages that impose restrictions on the form or length of the source-language text. However, a fundamental, persisting problem is that both current MT systems and controlled languages deal only with the sentence as the unit of processing. To be effective, controlled languages must be contextualised at the document level, consequently enabling MT to generate outputs appropriate for their functional context within the target document. With a specific focus on Japanese municipal documents, this book establishes a framework for controlled document authoring by integrating various research strands including document formalisation, controlled language, and terminology management. It then presents the development and evaluation of an authoring support system, MuTUAL, that is designed to help non-professional writers create well-organised documents that are both readable and translatable. The book provides useful insights for researchers and practitioners interested in translation technology, technical writing, and natural language processing applications. Chapter 1, the Preface, and Bibliography of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Download or read book Machine Translation Systems written by Jonathan Slocum and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machine Translation Summit written by Makoto Nagao and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machine Translation From Research to Real Users written by Association for Machine Translation in the Americas. Conference and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-09-24 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2002, held in Tiburon, CA, USA, in October 2002. The 18 revised full technical papers, 3 user studies, and 9 system descriptions presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. Among the issues addressed are hybrid translation environments, resource-limited MT, statistical word-level alignment, word formation rules, rule learning, web-based MT, translation divergences, example-based MT, data-driven MT, classification, contextual translation, the lexicon building process, commercial MT systems, speeck-to-speech translation, and language checking systems.
Download or read book Machine Translation written by John Lehrberger and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1988 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of the computer in translating natural languages ranges from that of a translator's aid for word processing and dictionary lookup to that of a full-fledged translator on its own. However the obstacles to translating by means of the computer are primarily linguistic. To overcome them it is necessary to resolve the ambiguities that pervade a natural language when words and sentences are viewed in isolation. The problem then is to formalize, in the computer, these aspects of natural language understanding. The authors show how, from a linguistic point of view, one may form some idea of what goes on inside a system's black box, given only the input (original text) and the raw output (translated text before post-editing). Many examples of English/French translation are used to illustrate the principles involved.
Download or read book Envisioning Machine Translation in the Information Future written by John S. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-31 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Envisioning Machine Translation in the Information Future When the organizing committee of AMTA-2000 began planning, it was in that brief moment in history when we were absorbed in contemplation of the passing of the century and the millennium. Nearly everyone was comparing lists of the most important accomplishments and people of the last 10, 100, or 1000 years, imagining the radical changes likely over just the next few years, and at least mildly anxious about the potential Y2K apocalypse. The millennial theme for the conference, “Envisioning MT in the Information Future,” arose from this period. The year 2000 has now come, and nothing terrible has happened (yet) to our electronic infrastructure. Our musings about great people and events probably did not ennoble us much, and whatever sense of jubilee we held has since dissipated. So it may seem a bit obsolete or anachronistic to cast this AMTA conference into visionary themes.
Download or read book Linguistically Motivated Statistical Machine Translation written by Deyi Xiong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a wide variety of algorithms and models to integrate linguistic knowledge into Statistical Machine Translation (SMT). It helps advance conventional SMT to linguistically motivated SMT by enhancing the following three essential components: translation, reordering and bracketing models. It also serves the purpose of promoting the in-depth study of the impacts of linguistic knowledge on machine translation. Finally it provides a systematic introduction of Bracketing Transduction Grammar (BTG) based SMT, one of the state-of-the-art SMT formalisms, as well as a case study of linguistically motivated SMT on a BTG-based platform.
Download or read book Translation Quality Assessment written by Joss Moorkens and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume that brings together research and practice from academic and industry settings and a combination of human and machine translation evaluation. Its comprehensive collection of papers by leading experts in human and machine translation quality and evaluation who situate current developments and chart future trends fills a clear gap in the literature. This is critical to the successful integration of translation technologies in the industry today, where the lines between human and machine are becoming increasingly blurred by technology: this affects the whole translation landscape, from students and trainers to project managers and professionals, including in-house and freelance translators, as well as, of course, translation scholars and researchers. The editors have broad experience in translation quality evaluation research, including investigations into professional practice with qualitative and quantitative studies, and the contributors are leading experts in their respective fields, providing a unique set of complementary perspectives on human and machine translation quality and evaluation, combining theoretical and applied approaches.
Download or read book Machine Translation From Real Users to Research written by Robert E. Frederking and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-09-21 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previous conference in this series (AMTA 2002) took up the theme “From Research to Real Users”, and sought to explore why recent research on data-driven machine translation didn’t seem to be moving to the marketplace. As it turned out, the ?rst commercial products of the data-driven research movement were just over the horizon, andintheinterveningtwoyearstheyhavebeguntoappearinthemarketplace. Atthesame time,rule-basedmachinetranslationsystemsareintroducingdata-driventechniquesinto the mix in their products. Machine translation as a software application has a 50-year history. There are an increasing number of exciting deployments of MT, many of which will be exhibited and discussed at the conference. But the scale of commercial use has never approached the estimates of the latent demand. In light of this, we reversed the question from AMTA 2002, to look at the next step in the path to commercial success for MT. We took user needs as our theme, and explored how or whether market requirements are feeding into research programs. The transition of research discoveries to practical use involves te- nicalquestionsthatarenotassexyasthosethathavedriventheresearchcommunityand research funding. Important product issues such as system customizability, computing resource requirements, and usability and ?tness for particular tasks need to engage the creativeenergiesofallpartsofourcommunity,especiallyresearch,aswemovemachine translation from a niche application to a more pervasive language conversion process. Thesetopicswereaddressedattheconferencethroughthepaperscontainedinthesep- ceedings, and even more speci?cally through several invited presentations and panels.
Download or read book Machine Translation and the Information Soup written by David Farwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-29 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Translation and the Information Soup! Over the past fty years, machine translation has grown from a tantalizing dream to a respectable and stable scienti c-linguistic enterprise, with users, c- mercial systems, university research, and government participation. But until very recently, MT has been performed as a relatively distinct operation, so- what isolated from other text processing. Today, this situation is changing rapidly. The explosive growth of the Web has brought multilingual text into the reach of nearly everyone with a computer. We live in a soup of information, an increasingly multilingual bouillabaisse. And to partake of this soup, we can use MT systems together with more and more tools and language processing technologies|information retrieval engines, - tomated text summarizers, and multimodal and multilingual displays. Though some of them may still be rather experimental, and though they may not quite t together well yet, it is clear that the future will o er text manipulation systems that contain all these functions, seamlessly interconnected in various ways.
Download or read book Machine Translation written by Yang Feng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-02 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th China Conference on Machine Translation, CCMT 2023, held in Jinan, China, during October 19–21, 2023. The 8 full papers and 3 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. They focus on machine translation; improvement of translation models and systems; translation quality estimation; document-level machine translation; low-resource machine translation.
Download or read book The KBMT Project written by Kenneth Goodman and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1991-07-15 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine translation of natural languages is one of the most complex and comprehensive applications of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. This is especially true of knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) systems, which require many knowledge resources and processing modules to carry out the necessary levels of analysis, representation and generation of meaning and form. The number of real-world problems, tasks, and solutions involved in developing any realistic-size knowledge-based machine translation system is enormous. It is thus difficult for researchers in the field to learn what a system "really does". This book fills that need with a detailed case study of a KBMT system implemented at the Center for Machine Translation at Carnegie Mellon University. The research consists in part of the creation of a system for translation between English and Japanese. The corpora used in the project were manuals for installing and maintaining IBM personal computers (sponsorship by IBM, through its Tokyo Research Laboratory) Individual chapters describe the interlingua texts used in knowledge-based machine translation, the grammar formalism embodied in the system, the grammars and lexicons and their roles in the translation process, the process of source language analysis, an augmentation module that interactively and automatically resolves ambiguities remaining after source language analysis, and the generator, which produces target language sentences. Detailed appendices illustrate the process from analysis through generation. This book is intended for developers, researchers and advanced students in natural language processing and computational linguistics, including all those who have an interest in machine translation and machine-aided translation.
Download or read book Progress in Machine Translation written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machine Translation and Transliteration involving Related Low resource Languages written by Anoop Kunchukuttan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-12 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Translation and Transliteration involving Related, Low-resource Languages discusses an important aspect of natural language processing that has received lesser attention: translation and transliteration involving related languages in a low-resource setting. This is a very relevant real-world scenario for people living in neighbouring states/provinces/countries who speak similar languages and need to communicate with each other, but training data to build supporting MT systems is limited. The book discusses different characteristics of related languages with rich examples and draws connections between two problems: translation for related languages and transliteration. It shows how linguistic similarities can be utilized to learn MT systems for related languages with limited data. It comprehensively discusses the use of subword-level models and multilinguality to utilize these linguistic similarities. The second part of the book explores methods for machine transliteration involving related languages based on multilingual and unsupervised approaches. Through extensive experiments over a wide variety of languages, the efficacy of these methods is established. Features Novel methods for machine translation and transliteration between related languages, supported with experiments on a wide variety of languages. An overview of past literature on machine translation for related languages. A case study about machine translation for related languages between 10 major languages from India, which is one of the most linguistically diverse country in the world. The book presents important concepts and methods for machine translation involving related languages. In general, it serves as a good reference to NLP for related languages. It is intended for students, researchers and professionals interested in Machine Translation, Translation Studies, Multilingual Computing Machine and Natural Language Processing. It can be used as reference reading for courses in NLP and machine translation. Anoop Kunchukuttan is a Senior Applied Researcher at Microsoft India. His research spans various areas on multilingual and low-resource NLP. Pushpak Bhattacharyya is a Professor at the Department of Computer Science, IIT Bombay. His research areas are Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning and AI (NLP-ML-AI). Prof. Bhattacharyya has published more than 350 research papers in various areas of NLP.
Download or read book Language Engineering and Translation written by Juan C. Sager and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1994-04-22 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when information technology has become a regular tool of specialised translators in all aspects of their work, it is useful to place the activity of technical translation into its appropriate environment and to describe it from the point of view of its role in the broader context of communication in which it occurs. The advent of automated alternatives to human translation has fundamentally affected the profession, its products and the relationship between translators and their clients.This book presents and discusses the process of translation against this background. The context in which translation is normally studied is widened in order to re-examine the process of translation as part of interlingual text production and to analyse the manner in which the new tools affect the product of translation.This book is of particular relevance in modern translator training courses. Contents 1. The language industry and translation, 2. Aspects of language, 3. Elements of communication theory, 4. A theory of text types and messages, 5. The nature of translation, 6. Specifications: Factors influencing the translation, 7. Preparation for translation, 8. Steps in translation, 9. Human and Machine Translation, 10 Pragmatic circumstances of automation, 11. Translation in an information technology environment. Bibliography + Index.
