Download or read book A Critical Comparison of Methods for the Determination of Phytoplankton Chlorophyll written by John T. Salinas and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concentration of chlorophyll in natural bodies of water is commonly determined as a means to rapidly estimate the phytoplankton biomass. The literature gives numerous warnings, however, as to the problems involved with accurately determining chlorophyll concentrations. The author's work at Crater Lake, Oregon enticed him to explore critically the spectrometric methods for determining chlorophyll. Four spectrometric methods for the determination of chlorophyll have been investigated. These are the spectrophotometric method, the 'in vitro' fluorometric method, the 'in vivo' fluorometric method and the 'in situ' fluorometric method using fiber optic cables (remote fiber fluorometry). The spectrophotometric trichromatic and monochromatic methods depend on absorption measurements made with a spectrophotometer. The spectral bandpass of the spectrophotometer is a critical variable in the determination of chlorophyll. A spectral bandpass of 2.0 nm has been suggested and shown to be adequate to measure the concentrations of chlorophyll-a. The chlorophyll concentration determined is 15% and 36% too low with spectral bandpasses of 10 and 20 nm, respectively. Increasing the spectrophotometric cell pathlength from 1.0 to 5.0 cm improves the detection limit of the method by a factor of 5. With a 1-cm pathlength cell, the detection limit for chlorophyll-a is 34 [mu]g/L in an extract or 0.34 [mu]g/L in lake water with a concentration factor of 100. Of the fluorometric methods studied, the 'in vitro' uncorrected fluorometric method was shown to be the most precise and to provide the lowest detection limit (4 ng/L in an extract and 0.04 ng/L chlorophyll-a in lake water with a concentration factor of 100). The detection limits for the 'in vivo' and the enhanced 'in vivo' method (using DCMU) fluorometric methods are 5 and 3 ng/L, respectively. The effect of several variables in the sample preparation method for the spectrophotometric and 'in vitro' fluorometric methods were studied with samples of Cronemiller Lake water. No difference in filter retention efficiency at the 95% confidence level was observed when the Millipore HA membrane, S & S glass and Whatman Glass GF/F filters were compared with a solution of titanium dioxide or a natural phytoplankton sample. Following 65 days of storage at 0° C or 238 days of storage at 9° C, the chlorophyll concentration determined did not significantly change from that determined at the beginning of the study. The use of MgCO3 did not change this condition. The 'in vivo' fluorometric technique, applied to water samples from Crater Lake, Oregon, was shown to be influenced by sample temperature and irradiance history. The addition of the herbicide DCMU to a sample has been reported to decrease the dependency of the fluorescence signal on temperature and irradiance history of the sample. This was shown not to be the case. A 10° C decrease of sample temperature resulted in an average 1.8% increase in sample fluorescence. Exposure of a set of samples to solar radiation decreased the fluorescence signal for chlorophyll in the samples. A period of great change in fluorescence signal was followed by an extended period of slower change. After 50 minutes of sample irradiation, the average fluorescence signal decreased over 50% relative to the original signal. A remote fiber fluorometer was constructed to investigate its use for the 'in situ' fluorometric determination of chlorophyll. Transmission characteristics of the fiber showed that light attenuation increased as the wavelength decreased. With a jig that held the excitation and emission fibers at varying distances and angles, it was found that maximum fluorescence signals were recorded as the fiber ends were moved as close as possible to each other and at an angle of about 10°. The 'in situ' detection limit for chlorophyll-a was determined to be 0.64 [mu]g/L using 1-m excitation and emission fibers.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Oata Analysis and Synthesis (CINOAS) * at Purdue. University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 33 (thesis year 1988) a total of 13,273 theses titles from 23 Canadian and 1 85 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 33 reports theses submitted in 1988, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Real time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms written by Babin, Marcel and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.
Download or read book Spectrophotometric Analysis of Chlorophyll a in Freshwater Phytoplankton written by David P.. Sartory and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Limnological Analyses written by Robert G. Wetzel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thoroughly updated third edition, the authors provide a series of carefully designed and tested field and laboratory exercises that represent the full scope of limnology. In using the text, students will gain a solid foundation in this complex, multidisciplinary field of ecology as they explore the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of standing and running waters. The book illustrates accepted standard methods as well as modern metabolic and experimental approaches and their research applications. Each exercise is preceded by an introductory section and concludes with questions for students as well as suggestions for further reading. As a textbook, this is a highly structured, concise presentation with a research-oriented approach that openly invites active participation by students.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Aquatic Sciences Methods and Applications written by David J. Suggett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-23 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of variable chlorophyll fluorescence have revolutionised global research of photosynthetic bacteria, algae and plants and in turn assessment of the status of aquatic ecosystems, a success that has partly been facilitated by the widespread commercialisation of a suite of chlorophyll fluorometers designed for almost every application in lakes, rivers and oceans. Numerous publications have been produced as researchers and assessors have simultaneously sought to optimise protocols and practices for key organisms or water bodies; however, such parallel efforts have led to difficulties in reconciling processes and patterns across the aquatic sciences. This book follows on from the first international conference on “chlorophyll fluorescence in the aquatic sciences” (AQUAFLUO 2007): to bridge the gaps between the concept, measurement and application of chlorophyll fluorescence through the synthesis and integration of current knowledge from leading researchers and assessors as well as instrument manufacturers.
Download or read book A Comparison of the Analytic Techniques Used in Chlorophyll Determination and Its Use as a Tracer in the Dynamic Environment written by S. Chaddock and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of Methods for the Analysis of Chlorophyll in Periphyton and Plankton of Marine and Freshwater Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Geography of the Sea written by Alan R. Longhurst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world.Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments.*Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences*Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research*Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative
Download or read book Annales Botanici Fennici written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phytoplankton Pigments written by Suzanne Roy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-27 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pigments act as tracers to elucidate the fate of phytoplankton in the world's oceans and are often associated with important biogeochemical cycles related to carbon dynamics in the oceans. They are increasingly used in in situ and remote-sensing applications, detecting algal biomass and major taxa through changes in water colour. This book is a follow-up to the 1997 volume Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography (UNESCO Press). Since then, there have been many advances concerning phytoplankton pigments. This book includes recent discoveries on several new algal classes particularly for the picoplankton, and on new pigments. It also includes many advances in methodologies, including liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and developments and updates on the mathematical methods used to exploit pigment information and extract the composition of phytoplankton communities. The book is invaluable primarily as a reference for students, researchers and professionals in aquatic science, biogeochemistry and remote sensing.
Download or read book Chlorophyll a written by Alain Aminot and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Determination of Chlorophyll a in Plant Material phytoplankton is Suspension in Water solvent Extraction Method written by HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Concentrations in the Chesapeake Bay with Aircraft Remote Sensing written by L. W. Harding and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods of Determining Chlorophyll A in Phytoplankton written by Anna Tolstoy and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
